Background: The marginal fit is the most characteristic that closely related to the longevity or success of a restoration, which is absolutely affected by the fabrication technique. The objective of present in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of four different CAD/CAM systems on the marginal fit of lithiµm disilicate all ceramic crowns. Materials and Methods: Adentoform tooth of a right mandibular first molar was prepared to receive all ceramic crown restoration with deep chamfer finishing line (1mm) and axial reduction convergence angle of 6 degree, dentoform model duplicated to have Nickel-Chromiµm master die. Thirty two stone dies produce from master die and distributed randomly in to four groups (8 dies for each group) according to the type of CAD/CAM system that used: Group A: fabricated with CERAMILL motion2 (Amann Girrbach); Group B:fabricated with CEREC in lab MCXL (Sirona);Group C: fabricated with CORiTEC 250i (imes-icore); Group D: fabricated with ZIRKONZAHN M5 (Zirkonzahn). Marginal discrepancy was measured at four points at each tooth surface. Sixteen points per tooth were measured using digital stereomicroscope at (140X) magnification. Results: ANOVA and LSD post Hoc tests were used to identify and localize the source of difference among the groups. It was found that there is a highly significant difference in the marginal gap mean values between group C and group D, and highly significant differences between group A and group D. Conclusions: From the above result we can conclude that better marginal fit values were may be exhibited by CORiTEC 250i CAD/CAM system.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of total suspended solids (TSS) on the performance of a continuously operated dual-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) proceeded by primary clarifier to treat actual potato chips processing wastewater. The system was also tested in the absence of the primary clarifier and the results demonstrated a significant effect of TSS on the polarization curve of the MFC which was obtained by operating the graphite anodic electrode against Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The maximum observed power and current densities were decreased form 102.42 mW/m2 and 447.26 mA/m2 to 80.16 mW/m2 and 299.10 mA/m2, respectively due to the adverse effect of TSS. Also
... Show MoreThe research aims at determining the main reason for the deterioration of the services and determining the correct method of distributing the funds to the administrative and administrative units. The discrepancy between the size of the financial allocations and the municipal services was the main research problem. Therefore, the researcher identified the gaps in municipal services by the concerned departments and compared them with The percentage of funds obtained through the work of a checklist for each of the directorates concerned. The researcher studied the specific criteria for these services, which were approved by the Ministry of Construction, Housing, Municipalities, and Public Works, and compared them wi
... Show MoreConsistent "with the thought of tax talk is unified tax natural evolution for him, as the application leads to the inclusion of tax all branches of income and its sources and through truncated part of this entry through the application of price ascending it, it means the procedures of tax reform. Taxes on total income characterized by giving a clear picture of the total income of the taxpayer and its financial situation and its burden family which allows granting exemptions, downloads, and application of prices that fit this case. This requires reconsideration of the structure of the tax system in force and the transition from a system specific taxes to the tax system on the total income of the integration of income from the rental of re
... Show MoreThe art of batik is one of the ancient arts that has a long history in East Asian countries, especially in Indonesia, where it was considered a traditional craft with which many Indonesian tribes lived. This art began to move to other continents and develops and progresses due to the artist’s connection to the surrounding technological and intellectual development, as art became more outgoing and liberated, it helped the artist to create and innovate in his designs. In this research, he focuses on modern performance methods through which print paintings can be produced through design elements, especially calligraphy, to create aesthetic and creative effects in the productive work. The current research aims to identify the various perfo
... Show MoreAbstract
This study aimed to identify the business risks using the approach of the client strategy analysis in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the audit process. A study of business risks and their impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of the audit process has been performed to establish a cognitive framework of the main objective of this study, in which the descriptive analytical method has been adopted. A survey questionnaire has been developed and distributed to the targeted group of audit firms which have profession license from the Auditors Association in the Gaza Strip (63 offices). A hundred questionnaires have been distributed to the study sample of which, a total of 84 where answered and
... Show MoreFrom the responses of Imam Abi Zakaria al-Nawawi 676 AH on the grammarians in his commentary on Sahel Muslim
This research aims to identify the impact of the reciprocal reading strategy on developing the innovative reading skills of fifth-grade secondary school students/ scientific branch. To achieve the goal of the research, an achievement test to measure the academic achievement of fifth-grade secondary school students in Arabic language grammar was prepared, a sample of (60) female students from the secondary school of Al- Bawaba Al-Sharkey for Girls in Baghdad were chosen for the academic year (2019-2020). For the purpose of applying the experiment, the test was applied on a pilot sample consisting of (30) students from the same research community. The researcher herself had taught the three
... Show MoreThe research deals with the topic of (formal formation and its semantic projections in the design interior spaces of daily newspapers buildings) including the research problem summarized by the following question: (does the formal formation do a semantic role in the design of the interior spaces?). The research objective has been evident in discovering strong and weak points in the formal formations and their semantic projections in the design of the interior spaces for the daily newspapers buildings, reaching at the best design foundations, and shedding light on the cognitive and scientific importance of the research, and the objective, temporal and spatial limits in addition to identifying the terms. The theoretical framework includes
... Show More This study titled “digital addiction and its relationship to social isolation among children in the autism spectrum from the point of view of their parents” in which the
researcher addressed an important topic which is knowledge of digital addiction in a
child with autism spectrum and its relationship to social isolation in them.
The study aimed to dhed the light on the digital addiction in a spectrum child Autism
from the point of view of their parents، by knowing the extent of addiction of children
in the autism spectrum، and identifying the relationship between electronic addiction and the social isolation of children in the autism spectrum.The study presented
several hypotheses،