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β- catenin Expression and Its Relation to Bryne’s Invasive Grading System in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Background: Invasion in oral cancer involves alterations in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that accompanied by loss of cell adhesion. Catenins stabilize cellular adherence junctions by binding to E-cadherin, which further mediates cell-cell adhesion and regulates proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is one of the major signaling pathways in cell proliferation, oncogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Aims of the study: to detect immunohistochemical distribution pattern and different subcellular localization of β-catenin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and relate such expression to Bryne’s invasive grading system. Materials and Methods: This study included 30 paraffin blocks of primary oral squamous cell carcinoma. Bryne’s grading performed on routein stained slides. Immunohistochemical staining for anti β-catenin was done to illustrate its pattern and subcellular localization in malignant cells. The expression correlated with the invasive grading system. Results: β-catenin expression detected in all sample (100%). It was (23.3%) membranous, (60%) aberrant cytoplasmic and (16.7%) mixed expression. Diffuse strong homogeneous pattern was observed in (40%) of the cases. The cytoplasmic expression had significant high mean rank in score 3, diffuse strong homogeneous pattern and strong intensity. Well-differentiated carcinoma expressed great mixed membranous/cytoplasmic expression while poor-differentiated cases showed low membranous mean rank expression. The strong diffuse homogeneous pattern with strong staining was significantly frequent in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Increase cytoplasmic β-catenin expression is parallel with carcinoma dedifferentiation. Suggesting maintenance of its adhesive role with the inhibition of the normal degradation of free β-catenin in the cytoplasm, which might cause accelerated tumor cell proliferation.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The impact of the use of pulverized black bean and fat in homemade bread mix in the quality and attributes Alkhoznip
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Factory is trotting home favorite of of Aeidid of Iraqi families since he Amta imparted to the taste of the housewife on the method of processing and preparation and the possibility of using some of the ingredients to raise the nutritional value of meat, sesame and other, but how keep Bz'zajh this product Atne storage

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Management skills and their reflection in the settlement of insurance compensation: Applied Study in National Insurance Company and Iraqi Insurance Company
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The environment contemporary works for the insurance companies have seen a number of technological developments and changes rapidly in light of the intense competition in the insurance market, and this affects human behavior in the workplace, and to director in his work needs to be a set of managerial skills. so we find compensation activity in companies insurance needs a high managerial skills, so that compensation, director of the settlement procedure successfully. So research aims to test two hypotheses two major belongings variables search using some statistical methods to extract the results and interpretation and analysis (such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentages, Alpha Cronbach's coefficient, Pearson correlation co

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 03 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Interchange of Sign Transformation between Locality and Universality in the Iraqi Theatre, "Romeo and Juliet in Baghdad Show" - A Model
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The research deals with the interchange of the sign transformed from the universal to the local in the theatrical show through the direction processing in the production of a communicative artistic discourse and message, thus making the process of reading the speech and recognizing it by taking into account the cultural differences, customs and local rituals of each country, region, or area. The problem of the research was focused on answering the following question: What are the requirements for the sign in terms of its transformation between the universality and locality in the read-out?

               The importance of research is to determine the requiremen

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Measurement the Concentrations of Radon and Thoron and Their Progeny in the Air Samples of Al-Haswaa City in Babylon province
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Postgrad Med J
Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding obesity management among family and non family physicians working in primary health care centers in Baghdad
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OBJECTIVE: To assess and compare the knowledge, attitudes and practice regarding obesity management among family and non family physicians working in primary health care centers.

Publication Date
Sat Oct 29 2022
Journal Name
International Ophthalmology
Comparison of corneal flap thickness predictability and architecture between femtosecond laser and sub-Bowman keratomileusis microkeratome in laser in situ keratomileusis
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 22 2022
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Science
Effect of Adding Different Levels of Spirulina Algae (Spirulina Platensis) To the Diet of Japanese Quail on the Productive Performance
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This experiment was conducted at Poultry Research Station of the Animal Resources Research Department-Office Agricultural Research-Ministry of Agriculture in Iraq, during a period of 16 weeks (four periods and each period of four weeks) from 21 th April to 10 th August 2019. In this experiment 240 Japanese quail's female 9 weeks old, were used in this experiment. Females were randomly assigned to five treatments with three replicates per treatment (16 females/replicate). The experimental treatments were T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 with an addition of Spirulina in an average of (0, 1, 2, 3, 4%) respectively in the diets of quail to study their effect on productive performance. The results of the experiment showed significant increase (P≤0.05) re

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 19 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Pharmacology And Pharmacotherapeutics
Pharmaceutical Frontliners: Community Pharmacists’ Contribution to Managing Medication Needs During a Health Crisis— The COVID-19 Era as an Example
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Community pharmacists faced more complex challenges in meeting patients’ medication needs during the pandemic than previously reported in the literature. Objectives To explore the perception and abilities of community pharmacists in managing patients’ needs in terms of medication dispensing during the pandemic, and to examine its effect on improving the patients’ situations. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study design, validated by 30 experts, was conducted using an electronic survey (Google Form) to assess the effect of the dispensing practice of Iraqi community pharmacists on the patient’s clinical outcomes during the pandemic. The survey was distributed on professional pharmacist’s social media platforms from December

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 04 2025
Journal Name
Microbes And Infectious Diseases
A preclinical evaluation of the response of repairing the DNA of MCF7 breast cancer cells after exposure to probiotic bacteria
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
مجلة واسط للعلوم والطب
Study of nuclear characters to some 164, 166, 168 68 Er isotopes by using the interacting boson model IBM-1
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The aim of this study is to show the concepts of nuclear shape and the geometrical picture to the even-even nuclei of 164,166,168E isotopes in the context of the Interacting boson Model IBM-1. The energy spectra were calculated and the effective charge values (eB) of the electromagnetic transition strength were obtained and used to calculate the B(E2) values of the electromagnetic transitions and the quadrupole moment Q of 2+ -states. The Hamiltonian parameters were calculated by taking in account the properties of these nuclei. Comparison were made with the available experimental data and included in tables. The geometrical picture of these nuclei were looked at by calculating the deformation which were represented by the potentia

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