Background: Invasion in oral cancer involves alterations in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that accompanied by loss of cell adhesion. Catenins stabilize cellular adherence junctions by binding to E-cadherin, which further mediates cell-cell adhesion and regulates proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is one of the major signaling pathways in cell proliferation, oncogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Aims of the study: to detect immunohistochemical distribution pattern and different subcellular localization of β-catenin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and relate such expression to Bryne’s invasive grading system. Materials and Methods: This study included 30 paraffin blocks of primary oral squamous cell carcinoma. Bryne’s grading performed on routein stained slides. Immunohistochemical staining for anti β-catenin was done to illustrate its pattern and subcellular localization in malignant cells. The expression correlated with the invasive grading system. Results: β-catenin expression detected in all sample (100%). It was (23.3%) membranous, (60%) aberrant cytoplasmic and (16.7%) mixed expression. Diffuse strong homogeneous pattern was observed in (40%) of the cases. The cytoplasmic expression had significant high mean rank in score 3, diffuse strong homogeneous pattern and strong intensity. Well-differentiated carcinoma expressed great mixed membranous/cytoplasmic expression while poor-differentiated cases showed low membranous mean rank expression. The strong diffuse homogeneous pattern with strong staining was significantly frequent in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Increase cytoplasmic β-catenin expression is parallel with carcinoma dedifferentiation. Suggesting maintenance of its adhesive role with the inhibition of the normal degradation of free β-catenin in the cytoplasm, which might cause accelerated tumor cell proliferation.
Context and its influence in direction of reference by Abi Hussein Al Basri
Food industries are variety to include number of agricultural products (plantbotential and animal) which can be manufactured locally, thus, Iraqi market is full by different types of food products from neighbor countries, because of un equivalence and inability of competence, in away to cover (90%) average of local request need under commercial opening.
In Iraq although its importance, this industry suffers from difficulties, the most important one is the rising in products costs, shortage in agricultural products, experience, and qualification, besides, the challenges , by flooding market in food products and what are contained of higher competitive features from quality and prices side
... Show MoreThe formal diversity in designs is achieved by creating shapes and lines with a distinct movement pattern, which are preceded by mental processes. The greatest source of diversity in design in general and industrial design in particular is the creation of multiple directions for the completion of designs and the diversification of intellectual proposals for the design idea. The human activity that takes place around us in various fields of life takes place due to the diversity of movement in the form of the design product and its effectiveness through the dynamic diversity in the form, which differs in the methods of designing and showing it. He invents material value as a distinct artistic product that he owns A specific form or system
... Show MoreMercifulness is a trait of civilization, humanity, and a moral value in society, because it has an impact on social life and its role in spreading interdependence, joint liability, and solidarity among people. Mercifulness means spreading mercy, synergy, sympathy, and cooperation. Generally, a society that enjoys strong ties tends to have a kind of stability and development, as well as, is able to face the economic, political, and security crises. Conversely, a weak society leads to weak social cohesion and weak community infrastructure that is more vulnerable to social, economic, and political instability. Thus, this is the aim of the research that has used a social survey method applied to a sample of respondents who have reached (300)
... Show MoreThe aims of research is diagnose and indicate the role of fairness in the work of accounting, which is important in reducing the unacceptable practices to manage earnings by economic units, As well as the interpretation and indicate Ethical inside in the accounting and accountants in particular practices in the area of earnings management to reduce the negative effects of the practice and display the results mentioned acts according to what is supposed to be for the purposes of service users, Researchers have identified that one hypothesis, that "Fairness of accountants in of their work accounting lead to a reduction of earnings management practices". The results suggest that the accounting practices that lead to the manipu
... Show MoreThe present study was carried out to assay the bioaccumulation of ammonia ,nitrite ,nitrate in fresh water and the concentration of heavy metals (Lead, Cupper, Cadmium, Manganes and Zinc) in water and tissues of Tilapia niloticus selected from El-marryotia canal (one of the river Nile ramification in Al-Giza city) in Egypt, samples were collected during the period of July to October 2011 to determine water safety for human consumption and the hazardous effect of these metals on the histopathology of selected tissues and organs of fish. Two samples were collected from two locations of canal, pH of water samples were measured and the concentration of ammonia, nitrate
... Show MoreThe present study was carried to evaluate antibacterial activity of Acetone, Alcholic (cold and hot) and Aqueaus(water) extracts of Citrus aurantifoliaseeds,against growth of some bacteria isolated from burns infections(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumonia,Staphylococcusaureus)fromKindy HospitalIn Baghdad from March to June 2012.Antibiotic Sensitivity was done for all isolated bacteria used in this study.Results showed variation in antibacterial activity of different extracts against all tested bacteria by well diffusion technique in agar and measuring the diameter of inhibition zone, at concentration 250Mg-ml. Acetone extract had the greatest inhibitory effect followed by hot alcoholci extract, and then cold alcohol
... Show MoreThis paper aims at the analytical level to know the security topics that were used with data journalism, and the expression methods used in the statements of the Security Media Cell, as well as to identify the means of clarification used in data journalism. About the Security Media Cell, and the methods preferred by the public in presenting press releases, especially determining the strength of the respondents' attitude towards the data issued by the Security Media Cell. On the Security Media Cell, while the field study included the distribution of a questionnaire to the public of Baghdad Governorate. The study reached several results, the most important of which is the interest of the security media cell in presenting its data in differ
... Show More. This rtsearch involveda a study of the relationship
between GPS coordinates and planimetry coordinates. It was found that there is a relation between GPS output coordinates and
the coordinates of a distance point from the positi on of the GPS point
. In order to pricist the direction of distance a reference point had been
used which is
( Greenwich Mean observatory) GMO.
The angles between the studying
... Show More