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The effect of curvature angle and rotational speed on the cyclic fatigue of three types of rotary instrument (In vitro): comparative study
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Background: The fracture of instruments within root canal during endodontic treatment is a common incidence, fracture because of fatigue through flexure occurs due to metal fatigue, this study aimed to assess the effect of curvature angle and rotational speed on the cyclic fatigue of different type of Endodontic NiTi Rotary Instruments and compare among them. Materials and method: Three types of rotary instruments with tip size 0.25: ProTaPer F2 (Densply, Malifier) Revo-S SU( 0.06 taper, MicroMega) and RaCe system (0.06 taper, FKG, Dentaire), Forty file of each instrument were used within two canals with angle of curvature (40 &60 )at two speed (250&400)RPM, twelve group were formed for all instruments(total number=120),ten file for each group. The testing canals customized within stainless steel block covered with glass face, the time to fracture recorded and the mean of cycles to fracture (MCF) detected for each instrument. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA, LSD and Independent T-test at 5% significant level. Result: there was a highly significant difference of curvature angle and significant difference of rotational speed on the fracture resistance of instruments. RaCe revealed the best fracture resistance followed by ProTaper then Revo-S that showed the less resistance. Conclusion: The rotary instruments more prone to fracture when used at more curvature angle and higher rotational speed, as well as the rotary instruments differ from each other according to manufacturing process, taper, cross section and other factors.

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Publication Date
Thu May 18 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Improving Fatigue Life of Bolt Adapter of Prosthetic SACH Foot
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In this research an analysis for improving the fatigue behavior (safety factor of fatigue) of non- articular prosthetic foot (SACH) in the region (Bolt Adapter).The laser peening was carried to the fatigue specimens to improving the fatigue properties of bolt’s material. The tests of mechanical properties and fatigue behavior were carried for material that the bolt manufacture from it, a region where the failure occur and inserted of these properties to the program of engineering analysis (Ansys) to calculate the safety factor of fatigue. The results showed that the safety factor after hardening by laser is increased by 42.8%.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 09 2014
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Jour. For Pure & Appl. Sci.
Effect of Thickness on the Electrical Conductivity and Hall Effect Measurements of (CIGS) films
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The influence of different thickness (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000) nm on the electrical conductivity and Hall effect measurements have been investigated on the films of copper indium gallium selenide CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) for x= 0.6.The films were produced using thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates at R.T from (CIGS) alloy. The electrical conductivity (σ), the activation energies (Ea1, Ea2), Hall mobility and the carrier concentration are investigated and calculated as function of thickness. All films contain two types of transport mechanisms of free carriers, and increases films thickness was fond to increase the electrical cAnductivity whereas the activation energy (Ea) would vary with films thickness. Hall Effect analysis resu

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 12 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Effect of Thickness on the Electrical Conductivity and Hall Effect Measurements of (CIGS) Films
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   The influence of different thickness (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000) nm on the electrical conductivity and Hall effect measurements have been investigated on the films of copper indium gallium selenide CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) for x= 0.6.The films were produced using thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates at R.T from (CIGS) alloy.     The electrical conductivity (σ), the activation energies (Ea1, Ea2), Hall mobility and the carrier concentration are investigated and calculated as function of thickness. All films contain two types of transport mechanisms of free carriers, and increase films thickness was fond to increase the electrical conductivity whereas the activation energy (Ea) would vary with f

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The Effect of the change of Energy Factor on the American-Russian Competition in Europe
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Receipt date:3/13/2021 accepted date:5/26/2021 Publication date:12/31/2021

Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

energy is one of the strategic resources within international politics, and this is through the existing competition between the international powers on it, and the global powers have begun to rely on interest in new areas, such as import, depending on new projects an

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The effect of using magnetized water on the percentage of cement in the Concrete mixture
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This research studied the effect of magnetized water in concrete preparation and its effect on the presenting of cement in concrete mixtures also to find the ability of reducing the amount of cement in preparing one cubic meter, this is not exceed than 10% in one mixture , The experiments showed the preparation of standard cubes from the concrete which was used two kind of water magnetized water which was prepared by passing the tap water through the systems of different magnetic strength in terms of (6000,9000) Gauss and the ordinary water . The velocity of water through the magnetic field, which gives us the highest value for the compressive strength, was up to 1m/sec. to determine the best magnetic intensity, we examined The comp

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 19 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
The Role of Ginkgo biloba Extract as Monotherapy in Improving the Outcomes of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Pilot Comparative Study with Metformin
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The present study evaluates the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract as monotherapy on the glycemic status, insulin resistance (IR), body mass index (BMI), and visceral adiposity index (VAI), in addition to the inflammatory markers, oxidative status and leptin level in patients with metabolic syndrome in comparison with metformin.

The study is a randomized, double-blind pilot study conducted during the period May to September, 2020. Fifty patients were recruited in the study and they were allocated into two groups (25 per each group): Ginkgo biloba and Metformin groups, they received (120 mg Ginkgo biloba extract/ capsule) and (500 mg Metformin/ capsule) respectively; orally as a single dose for 90 days. Blood samples were taken at z

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 27 2020
Journal Name
Proceedings Of The 2020 2nd International Conference On Sustainable Manufacturing, Materials And Technologies
The complex dynamic in three species food webmodel involving stage structure and cannibalism
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A three species food web model involving a stage structure and cannibalism in the top predator species is proposed and studied. It is assumed that the prey species growth logistically in the absence of predator and the predation process occurred according to theLotka-Volterra functional response. The existence, uniqueness and bounded-ness of the solution of the model are investigated. The local and global stability conditions of all possible equilibrium points are established.The persistence conditions of the model are also determined. The local bifurcation near each of the equilibrium points is analyzed. The global dynamics of the model is investigated numerically and compared with the obtained analytical results. It is observed that the p

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Synthesis of New Cyclic Amines-Linked Metronidazole Derivatives as Possible Prodrugs
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         Certain cyclic amine derivatives of metronidazole via acetate spacer were prepared. Cyclic amines used are piperidine and piperazine to improve the physicochemical properties and reduce some of metronidazole side effects. This is believed to be done by modification of its structural features to get prodrugs with improved properties over that of metronidazole. The present work includes esterification of metronidazole with choroacetic acid, N-alkylation of the cyclic amines by the halogenated ester and characterization of their structures by spectral(UV and IR) and elemental(CHN)analysis.The melting points, degree of solubilities and partition coefficients were also determined. Both metronid

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparative Histological Study of the Stomach in Two Species of Iraqi Vertebrates (Magpie Pica pica L. and Small Asian Mongoose Herpestes javanicus E.)
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          A histological study showed the wall of the stomach in Pica pica and Herpestes javanicus consists of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. Also, the present study showed many  differences in the histological structures of the stomach for each in both types. The stomach of P. pica consists of two portions: the proventiculus and gizzard, while the stomach of H. javanicus consists of three portions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions. The mucosa layer formed short gastric folds, named plicae. In the proventiculus of P. pica, sulcus is found between each two plicae, but the folds called gastric pits in the gizzard, which are full with koilin. Lamina properia in both types contained gastric g

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparative Histological Study of the Stomach in Two Species of Iraqi Vertebrates (Magpie Pica pica L. and Small Asian Mongoose Herpestes javanicus E.)
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          A histological study showed the wall of the stomach in Pica pica and Herpestes javanicus consists of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. Also, the present study showed many  differences in the histological structures of the stomach for each in both types. The stomach of P. pica consists of two portions: the proventiculus and gizzard, while the stomach of H. javanicus consists of three portions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions. The mucosa layer formed short gastric folds, named plicae. In the proventiculus of P. pica, sulcus is found between each two plicae, but the folds called gastric p

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