Background: Separation and deboning of artificial teeth from denture bases present a major clinical and labortory problem which affect both the patient and the dentist. The optimal bond strength of artificial teeth with denture base reinforced with nanofillers and flexible denture bases and the effect of thermo cycling should be evaluated. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of artificial teeth (acrylic and porcelain) with denture bases reinforced by 5% Zirconium oxide nanofillers and flexible bases under the effect of different surface treatments and thermo cycling and comparing the results with conventional water bath cured denture bases. Material and methods: Two types of artificial teeth; acrylic and porcelain were used and prepared for this study. Five specimens of each tooth type were processed to each denture base materials after the application of different surface treatments; these teeth were bonded to heat polymerized, nano composite resin and flexible denture bases. Specimens were thermo cycled and tested for bond strength until fracture with an Instron universal testing machine. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and student T-test. Photomicrographic examinations were used to identify adhesive and cohesive failures within debonded specimens. Results: The mean force required to fracture the specimens were obviously larger for nanocomposite specimens compared with the heat cured and flexible specimens. The most common failure was cohesive within the tooth or the denture base. With each base material, the artificial teeth which were treated with thinner exhibited highest shear bond strength. Thermocycling had deleterious effect on the flexible denture base specimens. In general, nanocomposite and heat cured groups failed cohesively within the artificial tooth. While the valplastic groups failed adhesively at the tooth denture base interface. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the type of denture base materials and surface treatments of the tooth selected for use may influence the shear bond strength of the tooth to the base. Selection of more compatible combinations of base and artificial teeth may reduce the number of prosthesis fractures and resultant repairs. Key words: acrylic teeth, porcelain teeth, Nano composite denture base, thermo cycling, flexible denture, thinner,
Applications of quantitative methods, which had been explicit attention during previous period (the last two centuries) is the method of application sales man or traveling salesman method. According to this interest by the actual need for a lot of the production sectors and companies that distribute their products, whether locally made or the imported for customers or other industry sectors where most of the productive sectors and companies distributed always aspired to (increase profits, imports, the production quantity, quantity of exports. etc. ...) this is the part of the other hand, want to behave during the process of distribution routes that achieve the best or the least or most appropriate.
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The research aims to shed light on the obstacles that hinder the use of taxpayers' commercial books covered by provisions of the amended commercial book-keeping system No. 2 of 1985 and ways to address these obstacles. On this basis, the main null hypothesis was formulated that there is no statistically significant relationship between the obstacles to the adoption of the commercial books and taxable income.
The research data were collected on the base of three applied case studies of registered taxpayers in the General Commission of Taxes, GCT, together with the use of a questionnaire distributed to a sample of taxpayers ( companies ). The collected data were analyzed, the result were presented and the hypothesis was
... Show MoreThe research aims to apply one of the techniques of management accounting, which is the Quality Function Deployment(QFD) on the Pepsi product in Baghdad Soft Drinks Company and to determine the technical requirements objectively that have been applied in practice in Baghdad Soft Drinks Company / a private shareholding company, as it focuses on meeting the quality requirements and achieving positive quality to provide a product It meets the requirements of current and future customers, hence the importance of research that indicates that the Quality Function Deployment(QFD) is a useful tool to develop the requirements of new products, being a design process driven by customers through their voices, and thus contribute to achieve a competi
... Show MoreThe Accounting Disclosure for non-current intangible assets is necessary to rely on accounting information by decision makers in the economic unity, two international accounting standards issued (IAS16,36), which aims to provide the foundations of the recognition, measurement and disclosure of appropriate assets Non-current tangible. (IAS16) allowed to use re-evaluation approach to measure assets entrance due to the inadequacy of the accounting information resulting from the application of the historical cost of the entrance under increasing technical developments and continuing that leave clear their effects on non-current intangible assets, As well as the requirements of what came (IAS36) the importance of accounting for the impairment
... Show MoreKE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, HA Salman, NA Hindy, Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2009 - Cited by 1
S Khalifa E, N Adil A, S Husam Ali, H Nibras A…, 2009
The Mandaean religion of ancient and important religions in Iraq and Iran has its own rituals which are characterized by the use of singing and toning of speech. It began with the creation of human beings through a group of prophets. Peace be upon them. Researcher research problem, and explained the importance of research and objectives and limits and identify terminology. The second topic is the theoretical framework to include the history of the Sabean Mandaean, secondly their religious rites, sources, major books and secondary books for the Latin tribes of Mandaean. Finally, the researcher tackled the sources of their sacred books and previous studies. The third topic represented the procedures. The researcher dealt with the musical a
... Show MoreBackground: Hypertension and dyslipidemia are
cardiovascular risk factors that commonly coexist .
Objective : To evaluate the effects of ß - blocker
(Atenolol) , ACE inhibitor (Captopril) calcium Channel
blocker (Nefidipin ) and diuretics on serum lipid profiles .
Method: Thirty untreated hypertensive and 147
hypertensive patient treated with these antihypertensive
drugs, attending different public health clinics in Basrah
pronivce were enrolled in this study .
Serum lipid profile were determined enzymaticaly using kits
from BioMerieux, France .
Result : The study has revealed that ß-blocker do not
significantly affect total cholesterol ( TC ) and LDLcholesterol , but increase significantly triglycer