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An Impairment of Salivary Gland Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association with Change in Salivary Biomarkers and Disease Activity
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Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation, involvement of exocrine salivary and lacrimal glands may occur as extra-articular mani¬festations in this disease. This study aimed to provide evidence of altered in function and composition of salivary gland in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by determine salivary flow rate and some biochemical parameters(total protein, amylase, peroxidase) and to investigate the relationship between disease activity and changes in function and composition of salivary gland. Materials and Methods: Fifty five patients with RA (7 males and 48 females) were enrolled in this study with age range (20-69) years. The patients were separated into two groups in proportion to their salivation: normal salivation group (37) and hypo salivation group (18). Thirty five (9 male and 26 female) apparently healthy volunteers were also participated in the study. Three ml of unstimulated saliva was collected from all patients and control to determine salivary flow rate on one hand and salivary total protein, α-amylase and peroxidase by colorimetric method on other hand. Results:Resultsshowed that there is highly significant decrease (P< 0.01; p< 0.001) in the median salivary levels of (flow rate, total protein, α-amylase and peroxidase) among RA patients when compared to control. There was highly significant reduction (P< 0.01) in median salivary levels of flow rate, total protein, α-amylase and peroxidase in two study groups (normal salivation and hypo salivation) as compared to that in control group. Also the levels of all these parameters (sialometry and sialochemistry) were significantly decrease (P =0.00) in RA patients with hypo salivation as compared to that in patients with normal salivation. There was strong positive correlation between total protein and salivary flow rate (r= 0.651, P=0.000), in one hand, and on the other hand, there was strong positive correlation between α-amylase and both salivary flow rate (r=623, P= 0.000) and total protein r=658, P=0.000). Conclusion: These findings indicate that the changes in salivary composition may represent involvement of salivary glands in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Microwave losses of nanostructure Li-Ni ferrites in X-band and Ku-band
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The molar ratio(x) of Li-Ni ferrites in the formula Li0.5-0.5xNixFe2.5-
0.5xO4 was varied in range 0.1-1.0 by hydrothermal process. The
XRD, SEM, and TEM tests were conducted to examine the samples
crystalline phase and to characterize the particles shapes and sizes.
The high purity spinel structure was obtained at med and high x
values. SEM and TEM images showed the existence of different
ferrite particles shapes like nanospheres and nanorods. The
maximum particle size is around (20nm). These size encourage
occurrence of super paramagnetic state. The reflection loss and
insertion loss as microwave losses of Li-Ni ferrite-epoxy composite
of 1mm thickness and mixing ratio 39.4 wt was investigated. The
mini

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in β-Thalassemic Patients: Effect of Iron Overload
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To study the effect of iron overload due to continuous blood transfusions on peroxidation products, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and peroxynitrite, with evaluation of some antioxidants like, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamine E, Ceruloplasmin, uric acid and albumin in thalassemia patients. Forty patients with thalassemia major, aged 5 to 15 years, were carried out in Abn-Alatheer Teaching Hospital in Mosul city, during the period from October 2007 to April 2008. They were on Chelation therapy with desfer­rioxamine. They were divided into two groups, the first one without iron overload (90,97±12.92), and the second one with iron overload (157.75±7.57). All the patien

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 12 2026
Journal Name
Infrastructures
Behaviour of Shear Stress Distribution in Steel Sections Under Static and Dynamic Loads
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Shear lag is the phenomenon that occurs when a supported slender member undergoes deformation from lateral loading, causing in-plane non-uniform distribution of stresses that results in reducing the member’s minimum strength capacity. This paper investigates the behaviour of shear distribution in steel I-section and box girders when subjected to both static and impact loadings. Three-dimensional finite element analysis models were prepared in Strand7 and validated against experimental results providing a basis for further comparison research into shear lagging effects. A parametric study was conducted comparing the effects of impact loading through certain specified velocities at the midspan of restrained ends. It provided new ins

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 08 2023
Journal Name
Sensors
A Critical Review of Remote Sensing Approaches and Deep Learning Techniques in Archaeology
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To date, comprehensive reviews and discussions of the strengths and limitations of Remote Sensing (RS) standalone and combination approaches, and Deep Learning (DL)-based RS datasets in archaeology have been limited. The objective of this paper is, therefore, to review and critically discuss existing studies that have applied these advanced approaches in archaeology, with a specific focus on digital preservation and object detection. RS standalone approaches including range-based and image-based modelling (e.g., laser scanning and SfM photogrammetry) have several disadvantages in terms of spatial resolution, penetrations, textures, colours, and accuracy. These limitations have led some archaeological studies to fuse/integrate multip

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2025
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Chemistry And Environment
HPLC and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for the Analysis of Pharmacological Activities in Soursop
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Soursop is useful in treating diseases and the bioactive components of the fruit are beneficial in the treatment of gastrointestinal parasites. Annona muricata contains flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins in its leaves, pulp, and seeds. The current study provided an accurate analytical method for the pharmacologically active components, including glutathione, potassium, and vitamin B6, in soursop fruit samples of soursop using high-performance liquid chromatography and atomic absorption spectrometry. The fruits of the soursop were cleaned, peeled, and sliced into tiny pieces. The juice was chilled and kept in glass bottles. After blending the fruits with distilled water, they were placed on a magnetic stirrer and left for 72 hours. For

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Publication Date
Sun May 22 2016
Journal Name
Al-mustansiriyah Journal Of Science
Morphological and histological study of the liver in migratory starling bird (Sturnus vulgaris)
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The present work was aimed to form the baseline data of normal morphological and histological structure features of liver in migratory starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Anatomically, the starling liver bird was dark red -brown in colour and located in the cranial third of the abdominal cavity and consisted of undivided lobes (left and right). The liver right lobe was larger than the left. Histological examination revealed that the liver parenchyma was covered by a connective tissue capsule which appears to be thicker in the rim of liver lobes than other area in the liver lobe. Liver parenchyma was arranged in an unlimited hepatic lobules, which composed of polygonal hepatocytes organized as irregular, radial interconnecting cords or laminae of o

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Social responsibility and obstacles application (Comparative research departments in the Municipality of Baghdad)
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Abstract

The research aims to identify the extent of the practice of social responsibility in accordance with the social dimension and diagnosis of constraints applied.

Find the problem represented by the Social Responsibility and obstacles facing application in Baghdad Municipality through their workers trends analysis.

The adoption of the statistical method to analyze the data and information gathering, and selected municipalities of Adhamiya and Kadhimiya deliberate manner applied as a state and municipal councils of both cities as representatives of the local community to be the subject of research and comparison between them to see the reality of soci

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Historical Paths of the Political Conflict in Iraq and its Development After 3002
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Following the political development in Iraq Since 7112 exposed kind of political traditions about how to manage the conflicts that have different Iraqi powers .That what was clear since the formation of permanent government since in 7112 .
The case of conflict between political powers in administrating Iraq state and the withdrawal of American Forcesintroduces questions:
0-Is it possible that that the beginning of Iraq state building shall ease this conflict and peacemaking in the post-conflict period?
7- To what extent the Iraqi powerswas to manage their disputes in non-military like elections which was held in 7112?
2- What is the range of the extent of the political operation after the American withdrawal?
The important

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 09 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Education In Black Sea Region
Discriminatory and Racist Discourse in American TV Channels: The Image of Arab Immigrants
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The present study examines critically the discursive representation of Arab immigrants in selected American news channels. To achieve the aim of this study, twenty news subtitles have been exacted from ABC and NBC channels. The selected news subtitles have been analyzed within van Dijk’s (2000) critical discourse analysis framework. Ten discourse categories have been examined to uncover the image of Arab immigrants in the American news channels. The image of Arab immigrants has been examined in terms of five ideological assumptions including "us vs. them", "ingroup vs. outgroup", "victims vs. agents", "positive self-presentation vs. negative other-presentation", and "threat vs. non-threat". Analysis of data reveals that Arab immig

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 29 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Separation and Identification of Phenolic Acid from Borago officinalis (F:Boraginaceae) Cultivated in Iraq
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    The plant Borago officinalis, which belongs to the Boraginaceae family and Celebrated as borage, is one of the useful medicinal plants cultivated in Iraq. It was used in olde medicine in Iraq, Irane, Syria and Europe for management of various diseases. It is commonly used as an atonic, tranquilliser, management of cough, sore throat, pneumonia, swelling, inflammatory diseases, antioxidant, and anticancer. This project provides the first comprehensive research done in Iraq to study the phytochemicals and the methods of extraction and isolation of active constituents from Borago officinalis cultivated in Iraq. The plant was harvested in spring from AL-Rifai, Nassiriyah city, IRAQ in February 2019.were w

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