Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation, involvement of exocrine salivary and lacrimal glands may occur as extra-articular mani¬festations in this disease. This study aimed to provide evidence of altered in function and composition of salivary gland in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by determine salivary flow rate and some biochemical parameters(total protein, amylase, peroxidase) and to investigate the relationship between disease activity and changes in function and composition of salivary gland. Materials and Methods: Fifty five patients with RA (7 males and 48 females) were enrolled in this study with age range (20-69) years. The patients were separated into two groups in proportion to their salivation: normal salivation group (37) and hypo salivation group (18). Thirty five (9 male and 26 female) apparently healthy volunteers were also participated in the study. Three ml of unstimulated saliva was collected from all patients and control to determine salivary flow rate on one hand and salivary total protein, α-amylase and peroxidase by colorimetric method on other hand. Results:Resultsshowed that there is highly significant decrease (P< 0.01; p< 0.001) in the median salivary levels of (flow rate, total protein, α-amylase and peroxidase) among RA patients when compared to control. There was highly significant reduction (P< 0.01) in median salivary levels of flow rate, total protein, α-amylase and peroxidase in two study groups (normal salivation and hypo salivation) as compared to that in control group. Also the levels of all these parameters (sialometry and sialochemistry) were significantly decrease (P =0.00) in RA patients with hypo salivation as compared to that in patients with normal salivation. There was strong positive correlation between total protein and salivary flow rate (r= 0.651, P=0.000), in one hand, and on the other hand, there was strong positive correlation between α-amylase and both salivary flow rate (r=623, P= 0.000) and total protein r=658, P=0.000). Conclusion: These findings indicate that the changes in salivary composition may represent involvement of salivary glands in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
In The Name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful
The fundamentals of jurisprudence have a great role in facilitating the ways to know the Shari’a rulings for everything that takes place between people in terms of relationships, and the actions that are issued by them, because without it, the sources from which the rulings were taken are not known, and the methods used by the imams of ijtihad in taking these rulings from those sources are not understood. The foundations on which they followed in the interpretation of texts and its rules, and Muslim scholars in different eras celebrated this science and gave it great care: with what they wrote in it from the works of different directions, but of course the complexity printed many
... Show MoreThe aim of the research was designing a nutritional program with amino acids well as designing exercises for muscular strength training for youth female badminton players. In addition to that the researcher aimed at identifying the effect of amino acid accompanied with muscular training on some physiological indicators in youth female badminton players. The researcher used the experimental method. The subjects were (7) youth female badminton players from the Armenian badminton club. Many physiological tests were conducted including PWC170 and Vo2Max. The data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude that amino acid accompanied with muscular ability training have a positive effect on some physiological indica
... Show MoreThe current study aimed to measure the attitudes of female teachers towards the use of digital learning and the degree of possessing their digital education skills. The study sample consisted of (180) workers with disabilities (mental disability، auditory impairment، visual disability، hyperactivity and distraction. To achieve the goals of the study, the transformation measure was used towards digital education for people with disabilities. The study reached the following results: the availability of digital learning skills among workers with disabilities. The study concluded with a series of recommendations including holding Training courses to keep up with the challenges of educational trends and modern technology in this area.
Background: The apical seal is the single most important factor in determining the success of surgical endodontics, the aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in three different cavity designs. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted human single-rooted teeth were divided into three groups of ten teeth per group, a retrograde cavity preparation was carried out using a low speed handpiece and round bur with parallel walls in the first group, ultrasonic retrotip and unit in the second group and a low speed handpiece with a carbide inverted cone bur with undercuts in the third group, all the cavities were filled with MTA. microleakage was measured by dye penetration technique using methylene blue. Re
... Show MoreRelying on modern work strategies, such as adopting scientific inductions, consolidates the information in the learner’s memory, develops the skill work of the football player, and raises the efficiency of their motor abilities. From this standpoint, the researcher, who is a teacher at the University of Baghdad, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, and follows most of the sports club teams in youth football, believes that there must be From extrapolations through the machine and employing it in the field to serve the skill aspect and benefit from scientific technology in development and making it a useful tool to serve the sports field in football, as the goal of the research was the efficiency of machine extrapolation in de
... Show MoreCapparis spinosa is one of the oldest genera grown in Iraqi land with worldwide traditional medicinal uses beside the culinary uses. These uses were own to the presence of many phytochemical including flavonoids, polyphenols. Among the reported polyphenolic acids are caffeic, chlorogenic and ferulic acids with well-known powerful antioxidant properties. The present work aimed to identify the presence of these polyphenolic acids in Iraqi caper naturally gown in the rural area of middle Iraq following standard chromatographic procedures. Aerial parts of the plant (buds, berries and leaves) were extracted with hydroalcoholic solvent by maceration method. Thin layer chromatographic techniques and HPLC analysis were performed to iden
... Show MoreThis paper presents the synthesis and study of some new mixed-liagnd complexes containing nicotinamide(C6H7N2O) symbolized (NA) and phenylalanine (C9H11NO2)symbolized (pheH)] with some metal ions. The resulting products were found to be solid crystalline complexes which have been characterized by :Melting points, Solubility, Molar conductivity. determination the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame(AAS), magnetic susceptipibility, Spectroscopic Method [FT-IR and UV-Vis]. The proposed structure of the complexes using program , chem office 3D(2006) . The general formula have been given for the prepared complexes :[M(NA)2(phe)]cl M(II): Mn(II) ,Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) , Zn(II) , Cd(II) & Hg(II) . NA = Nicotinamide= C6H7N2O Phe -
... Show MoreThis paper presents the synthesis and study of some new mixed-ligand complexes containing nicotinamide(C6H7N2O) symbolized (NA) and phenylalanine (C9H11NO2)symbolized (pheH)] with some metal ions. The resulting products were found to be solid crystalline complexes which have been characterized by :Melting points, Solubility, Molar conductivity. determination the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame(AAS), magnetic susceptipibility, Spectroscopic Method [FT-IR and UV-Vis]. The proposed structure of the complexes using program , chem office 3D(2006) . The general formula have been given for the prepared complexes : [M(NA)2(phe)]cl M(II): Mn(II) ,Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) , Zn(II) , Cd(II) & Hg(II)). NA = Nicotinamide= C6
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