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The Influence of Caries Infiltrant Combined with and without Conventional Adhesives on Sealing of Sound Enamel (In Vitro Study)
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Background: The formation of white spot lesions around fixed orthodontic attachments is a common complication during and after fixed orthodontic treatment, which hinders the result of a successfully completed orthodontic treatment. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the Caries Infiltrant (ICON®) on prevention of caries on the smooth enamel surface when applied alone or combined with conventional adhesives. Materials and methods: Seventy eight human premolar enamel discs were randomly assigned to six groups (n=13). The discs were etched and treated with resins of different monomer content forming the following groups: (1)Untreated etched samples served as the negative control, (2) ICON® (DMG), (3) Adper™ SB 2 (3M ESPE), (4) Heliobond (IvoclarVivadent), (5) ICON®+ Adper™ SB 2 and (6) ICON®+ Heliobond. Specimens were subjected to demineralization by immersion in hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6) for 18 days. Calcium dissolution into the acid was assessed by photometric test via spectrophotometer at 24 hour intervals. Results: The results revealed that, there was a highly significant difference between the sealed groups and the unsealed (untreated) one (p≤0.00) indicating that the unsealed specimens showed the highest amount of Ca ion loss among all other groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference between untreated specimens and the ICON® sealed ones. While, Heliobond decreased the Ca ion loss significantly compared to the untreated specimens and Adper™ SB 2 performed significantly better than both ICON® and Heliobond. Furthermore, the combination of ICON® with either Adper™ SB 2 or Heliobond served as the best protective measures and maintained the protective effect during the whole experiment period. Therefore, within the limitations of this in vitro study, it could be concluded that the use of Caries Infiltrant prior to the application of the tested conventional adhesives increases their protective effect against demineralization.

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 09 2022
Journal Name
Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research
The Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash and Slag Geopolymer Mortar with Micro Steel Fibers
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In this study, experimental mortar combinations with 1% micro steel fibers, were examined to create geopolymer mortars. To test the effect of the fibers on the mortar's resistance, the geopolymer mortar was designed with various proportions of more environmentally friendly materials fly ash and slag. The percentage of fly ash by weight was 50, 60, and 70% of the slag. The best results were obtained when a 50:50 ratio of fly ash and slag were mixed with 1% micro steel fibers. The results showed that the mixtures containing fibers performed better in the considered tests (toughness index, ductility index, and resilience index). In the impact resistance test, the mixture contained 50% fly ash by weight of the slag with a temperature of

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The possibility using of Accounting Information in Rationalizing the Decisions of Capital Expenditure (A case study: Companies Listed in Khartoum Stock Exchange)
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The research aims at the identity of the accounting information and its characteristics, and then to study the possibility of using accounting information in rationalizing the decisions of capital expenditure. The study relied upon the descriptive analytical approach it is suitable to the nature of this study, the hypotheses of the study were tested by using a number of statistical methods by relying on statistical package program (SPSS), and the research concluded that the companies listed in Khartoum Stock Exchange using accounting information in the comparison between investment alternatives available and estimating the number of years required to recover of the investment cost, the challenges that cause weakness in using the

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 21 2022
Journal Name
Frontiers In Immunology
The Ability of Resveratrol to Attenuate Ovalbumin-Mediated Allergic Asthma Is Associated With Changes in Microbiota Involving the Gut-Lung Axis, Enhanced Barrier Function and Decreased Inflammation in the Lungs
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease highly prevalent worldwide. Recent studies have suggested a role for microbiome-associated gut–lung axis in asthma development. In the current study, we investigated if Resveratrol (RES), a plant-based polyphenol, can attenuate ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine allergic asthma, and if so, the role of microbiome in the gut–lung axis in this process. We found that RES attenuated allergic asthma with significant improvements in pulmonary functions in OVA-exposed mice when tested using plethysmography for frequency (F), mean volume (MV), specific airway resistance (sRaw), and delay time(dT). RES treatment also suppressed inflammatory cytokines in the lungs. RES modulated lung microbiota and cause

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Social support and its relation with death anxiety for olds who are listed at the Palestinian ministry of social affairs in the Jerusalem governorate
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The study aimed to identify the social support and its relation with death anxiety for
olds who are listed at the Palestinian ministry of social affairs in the Jerusalem governorate,
the researcher uses the descriptive method and she bases her research on two types of
criterion: the social support and the criterion of death anxiety, these two criterion are applied
on a stratified random sample, amounted to (184) of the elderly.
The results show no statistical differences in the level of social support for olds who
are listed at the Palestinian ministry of social affairs according to the variables of sex.
Whereas there are statistical differences in the level of social support for those olds according
to the variab

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2013
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Study of the Adsorption of Pb (II) from Aqueous Solution Using Bentonite and Activated Carbon
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The adsorption of Pb(II) ions onto bentonite and activated carbon was investigated. The effects of pH, initial adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature were studied in batch experiments. The maximum adsorption capacities for bentonite and activated carbon were 0.0364 and 0.015 mg/mg, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy change, Enthalpy change and Entropy change have been calculated. These thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically spontaneous under natural conditions and the adsorption was endothermic in nature. Experimental data were also tested in terms of adsorption kinetics, the results showed that the adsorption processes followed well pseudo second- order

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Chemical Methodologies
Study of the biological activity and total antioxidant content of complexes derived from sulfonic acid and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
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The new liganed Schiff base named [(E)-3-hydroxy-4-((3,4,5- trimethoxybenzylidene)amino) naphthalene-1- sulfonic acid] was synthesized from 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyldehyde and 1-amino-2-aphthol-4- sulfonic acid in equal molar ratio. A series of new metal complexes' of the common molecular formulation [M(L)2(H2O)2].H2O are synthesized and characterized by IR, UV–Vis spectra, mass spectra, atomic absorption, elemental analyses, chloride content, magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements as well as thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA, DSC). Consistent with results of the magnetic and spectral studies, the advised geometrical structures for all of the prepared complexes have been octahedral formula

Scopus
Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of marketing tools on the legal liquidity index : an applied research in the International Development Bank for Investment and Finance
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Abstract

               The main problem of the study lies in the lack of a clear perception among the study sample about the impact of digital marketing tools on legal liquidity. Legal) of the International Development Bank for Investment and Finance and to achieve the objectives of the research, the method of observation and survey was used in measuring the dimensions of digital marketing. As for banking liquidity, the reports and financial statements of the bank were used as the research sample, as well as the use of the statistical analysis program SPSS in the statement of the relationship The study concluded, in summary, the following: Mar

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study Analytical of The Effect Magnesium ion Concentration to Determination the Total Hardness And Comparison Spectrophotometry
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The determination hardness in water raised to rivers caused several problem in the validity of the water used depends on where determination ions concentration calcium and magnesium in salts carbonate and sulfate , this possibility of separation between of these ions and the resulting impact on concentration and determination the degree of hardness water and appreciation between the insolvent water quality . It study the effect of the impact of concentration magnesium ion in determination the quality of the water has turned out to be Mg concentration more than 60% of the total content of hardness is borderline in hardness effect the determination. Adopted in this research determination the ions in two method titration by EDTA solution and

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 13 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
In vivo histological evaluation of the effect of the topical application of estrogen hormone on wounds healing in ovariectomized rabbit
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Background: Wound healing, as a normal biological process in the human body, is achieved through four precisely and highly programmed phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Growth factors released in the traumatized area promote cell migration into the wound area (chemotaxis), stimulate the growth of epithelial cells and fibroblasts (mitogenesis), initiate the formulation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), and stimulate matrix formation and remodeling of the affected region. One of factors that effects on wound healing is a sex hormones and one of these hormones is an estrogen hormone. A wide range of cutaneous cell types (eg, fibroblast, endothelial, epithelial, and inflammatory) expressed estrogen receptors, in

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Publication Date
Fri May 30 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Association of Superoxide Dismutase with Ticagrelor Treatment in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with increased oxidative stress and impaired endothelial function. Ticagrelor treatment improves antioxidant properties in addition to its antiplatelet effects. This study investigated the impact of Ticagrelor treatment on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and other biochemical parameters in PAD patients. It also evaluated the potential diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of specific biomarkers based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Seventy individuals were categorized into healthy control (n=40), baseline PAD patients not on Ticagrelor (B-PAD, n=30), and same PAD patients after treated with Ticagrelor (A-PAD, n=30). Parameters measured included SOD concent

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