Background: Malnutrition during human growth affects the size of the tissues at different stages of life, body proportions, body chemistry, as well as quality and texture of tissues. Teeth are particularly sensitive to malnutrition. Malnutrition may affect odontometric measurement involving tooth size dimensions. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of nutrition on teeth size dimension measurements among students aged 15 years old. Materials and methods: This study was conducted among malnourished group in comparison to well-nourished group matching with age and gender. The present study included 167 students aged 15 years (83 malnourished and 84 well-nourished). The assessment of nutritional status was done by using body mass index (BMI). Odontometric measurements included three different orientations. For both upper and lower study models, photographs were taken using special photographic apparatus for each student, and the data were then analyzed using special computer software. For permanent dentitions, two linear measurements (mesiodistal and bucco \lingual or palatal) were utilized, representing tooth diameters for each tooth. Results: Among students aged 15 years, the findings revealed that all means of mesiodistal and bucco-lingual diameters values of maxillary and mandibular teeth were lower among malnourished than well-nourished groups with statistically significant, except for mesiodistal diameters of both second molar, second and first premolar of maxillary teeth, second premolar, first premolar and lateral incisor of mandibular teeth and for bucco-palatal diameters of second and first premolar of maxillary teeth, second molar and lateral incisor of mandibular teeth. Conclusion: Malnutrition effect on minimize the odontometric measurements (mesiodistal and bucco-lingual diameters) among students aged 15 years.
This paper aims to study the rate of star formation (SFR) in luminous infrared galaxies at different wavelengths using distance measurement techniques (dl, dm) and to know which methods are the most accurate to determine the rate of star formation as we present through this research the results of the statistical analysis (descriptive statistics) for a sample of luminous infrared galaxies. The data used in this research were collected from the NASA Extragalactic Database (NED) and HYPERLEDA, then used to calculate the star formation rate and indicate the accuracy of the distance methods used (dl, dm). Two methods were tested on Hα, OII, FIR, radio continuum at 1.4 GHz, FUV, NUV, and total (FUV + FIR). The results showed that the dl
... Show MoreObjectives: The study objectives are to determine the impact of education program upon the academic nurses'
practice concerning documentation of nursing sheets, and to find out the relationship between nurses knowledge
and their demographic characteristics, which include age, sex, and years of experience in medical and surgical
wards.
Methodology: A quasi- experimental study was carried out at the medical and surgical wards in teaching
hospitals in Sulaimani governorate from the beginning of March up to June 2007٠
To reach the objectives of the study anon-probability (purposive) sample of (25) academic nurses who work in
the medical and surgical wards in teaching hospitals.
The data were collected through the use
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 type 2 diabetic patients aged 20-60 years in Baghdad and 20 non diabetic persons as controls. Laboratory assessment of glucose related parameters; Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Insulin and Insulin resistance (IR), renal function test; Blood urea, serum creatinine, Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P), Calcium regulating hormones; Parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin and vitamin D, cytokines, Adiponectin and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and comparison these parameters between patients and controls. The results: a high significant (p˂0.01) increase in FBG level in the patients (211.34 ± 11.20 mg/dl) as compared with control (85.89 ± 3.07 mg/dl). A high significant (p˂0.01
... Show MoreIn this research the specific activity of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were determined by sodium iodide enhanced by thallium NaI(TI) detector and assessed the annual effective dose in Dielac 1 and 2 and Nactalia 1 and 2 for children of less than 1 year which are available in Baghdad markets. The specific activity of 40K has the greater value in all the types which is in the range of allowed levels globally that suggested by UNSCEAR. The mean value of annual effective doses were 2.92, 4.005 and 1.6325 mSv/y for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K respectively.
The levels of circulating angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, namely vascular endothelial growth factor–A (VEGF-A) and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1), have been linked to the development of renal dysfunction due to the proliferation of microvasculature within the kidneys of type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients. The study aims to scrutinize serum levels of VEGF and sVEGFR-1 in a sample of Iraqi diabetic nephropathy patients to support their reliability as markers for the prediction of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients as well as to assess the ACE inhibitor’s effect on the levels of these two markers. Method: The ninety participants of this case-control study were split into three gr
... Show MoreThe other day in the Holy Quran and the four Gospels
Theater is a renewed art until this moment, and it does not stray from its components from life and its spaces in general, but rather is derived from them according to characteristics and directions intended to differ based on finding other, more effective solutions, Therefore, the research entitled (Extractive treatments of the space between tradition and contrast in contemporary theater) consists of four chapters. The first chapter came under the title (the methodological framework). Where he dealt with the research problem and then the importance of the research and the goal of the research as well as the objective, temporal and spatial limits of the research, In addition to defining the terminology and then finding the procedural ter
... Show MoreThe first known use of the term conspiracy theory dated back to the nineteenth century. It is defined as a theory that explains an event or set of circumstances as the result of a secret plot by usually powerful conspirators. It is commonly used, but by no means limited to, extreme political groups. Since the emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic in December 2019, the conspiracy theory was present at all stages of the pandemic.