Background:sThe aims of this study were to evaluate and compare the ability of three different techniques to obdurate simulated lateral canals, evaluate the effect of the main canal curvature on obturation of lateral canals and compare the gutta-percha penetration between coronal and apical lateral canals. Materials and methods: Resin blocks with 30 straight and 30 curved were used in this study. Each canal has two parallel lateral canals. The main canal has 0.3 mm apical diameter and 0.04 taper. The canals were divided into six groups according to canal curvature and obturation techniques used (n=10): Groups C1 and C2: straight and curved canals obturated with continuous wave technique using E&Q masterTM system. Groups O1 and O2: straight and curved canals obturated with Obtura II. Groups T1 and T2: straight and curved canals obturated with Thermafil obturators. Soapy water was used to simulate sealer in all obturations performed. The depth of gutta-percha penetration into lateral canals was measured using computerized stereomicroscope. Results: There were very highly significant differences between the obturation techniques at each lateral canal level in both straight and curved canals. Continuous wave using E&Q masterTM system exhibited the greatest gutta-percha penetration into lateral canals with very highly significant difference from both other techniques at majority of lateral canals. There was non- significant difference between Thermafil and Obtura II except at coronal lateral canal of straight main canals where the difference was very highly significant. The gutta-percha depth was greater in coronal than apical lateral canals in all groups of both straight and curved canals, and gutta-percha depth was greater in straight than in curved canals within each obturation technique. Conclusion: This study showed that all the three obturation techniques used were able to obturate simulated lateral canals with the continuous wave technique being the best. Gutta-percha depth was less in the apical than the coronal lateral canals. Canal curvature can influence the gutta-percha depth.
The research aims to identify how to enhance the quality of the human resources, focusing on four dimensions (efficiency, effectiveness, flexibility, and reliability), by adopting an adventure learning method that combines theoretical and applied aspects at the same time, when developing human resources and is applied using information technology, and that Through its dimensions, which are (cooperation, interaction, communication, and understanding), as the research problem indicated a clear deficiency in the cognitive perception of the mechanism of employing adventure learning dimensions in enhancing human resources quality, so the importance of research was to present treatments and proposals to reduce this problem. To achieve
... Show MoreThis research aims to discuss an important issue because of its role in increasing the efficiency of financial markets and boost investor confidence by a insider trading, which arises as a result of leaking secret information to some investors and reliable in the process of trading shares in the Iraq Stock Exchange And thus obtain abnormal profits at the expense of other investors. Research was based on the assumption that " Where shortcomings in local regulations relating to disclosure and insider trading in accounting information leads to the activate the phenomenon of insider trading in accounting information in the Iraq Stock Exchange and including a negative impact on investors' decisions ". and Because of the difficulty the discove
... Show MoreInformation security contributes directly to increase the level of trust between the government’s departments by providing an assurance of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive governmental information. Many threats that are caused mainly by malicious acts can shutdown the egovernment services. Therefore the governments are urged to implement security in e-government projects.
Some modifications were proposed to the security assessment multi-layer model (Sabri model) to be more comprehensive model and more convenient for the Iraqi government. The proposed model can be used as a tool to assess the level of security readiness of government departments, a checklist for the required security measures and as a commo
Objective(s): To assess the effect of removable partial dentures on the abutment teeth in comparison with that of the
remaining dentition, and to investigate the effect of regular check up on periodontal health for patients using this
type of prosthesis.
Methodology: One hundred patients wearing removable partial dentures for at least three years included in the
study. Teeth used as direct or in direct retainers for the removable partial denture were considered as the study
group, while the remaining dentition in the same jaw was considered as the control group. The following periodontal
parameters were registered for each tooth, plaque and gingival indices, clinical attachment level and tooth mobility.
Patients were
A field experiment was carried out to find out the effect of some herbicides(Pallas, Crash, U46) on the companion weed to three cultivars of the oat crop (Shefa, Hamel, and Pimula) and the yield and its components of these cultivars. The results showed the superiority of the two treatments of spraying weed herbicides (T1 and T2 ) by giving the best results, as they recorded the lowest number of weed plants after 30 days of spraying reached 1.44 and 1.67 plant/m2 . Besides, the lowest weed dry weight was 0.11 and 0.00 g/m2, and the highest inhibition percentage in dry weight was 98.44% and 100.0% of the two treatments, respectively. The treatment T2 was also superior by giving the highest control percentage of 93.28% compared to the compari
... Show MoreThe present work represents description of three new species of genus Anthrenus
Geoffory from Iraq, these are : A. aradensis sp. nov., A. fabrici sp. nov. and A.
unicolor sp. nov. Locality, host plants and date of collection were given.
The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial capabilities of different coating durations of three nanoparticle (NP) coatings: molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), and zinc oxide (ZnO), and their effects on the surface characteristics of 316L stainless steel (SS). The coated substrates underwent characterization utilizing field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) techniques. The antibacterial efficacy of NPs was evaluated using the agar diffusion method. The FE-SEM and EDX images confirmed the presence of nano-sized particles of Mo, Ta, and ZnO on the surface of the substrates with perfectly symmetrical spheres and a uniform distribution of
... Show MoreThere are many images you need to large Khoznah space With the continued evolution of storage technology for computers, there is a need nailed required to reduce Alkhoznip space for pictures and image compression in a good way, the conversion method Alamueja