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The speed, reflection and intensity of waves propagating in flexible tubes with aneurysm and stenosis: Experimental investigation
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A localized stenosis or aneurysm is a discontinuity that presents the pulse wave produced by the contracting heart with a reflection site. However, neither wave speed ( c) in these discontinuities nor the size of reflection in relation to the size of the discontinuity has been adequately studied before. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study the propagation of waves traversing flexible tubes in the presence of aneurysm and stenosis in vitro. We manufactured different sized four stenosis and four aneurysm silicone sections, connected one at a time to a flexible ‘mother’ tube, at the inlet of which a single semi-sinusoidal wave was generated. Pressure and velocity were measured simultaneously 25 cm downstream the inlet of the respective mother tube. The wave speed was measured using the PU-loop method in the mother tube and within each discontinuity using the foot-to-foot technique. The stenosis and aneurysm dimensions and c were used to determine the reflection coefficient ( R) at each discontinuity. Wave intensity analysis was used to determine the size of the reflected wave. The reflection coefficient increased with the increase and decrease in the size of the aneurysm and stenosis, respectively. c increased and decreased within stenosis and aneurysms, respectively, compared to that of the mother tube. Stenosis and aneurysm induced backward compression and expansion waves, respectively; the size of which was related to the size of the reflection coefficient at each discontinuity, increases with smaller stenosis and larger aneurysms. Wave speed is inversely proportional to the size of the discontinuity, exponentially increases with smaller stenosis and aneurysms and always higher in the stenosis. The size of the compression and expansion reflected wave depends on the size of R, increases with larger aneurysms and smaller stenosis.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 06 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Presence and non-existence in Arabic ontological discourse are contemporary Pragmatic reading
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Mental systems in ontological discourse turned into deliberative systems, derived from the non-coordinated thought that motivated ontological discourse, as an incomplete thought, after it became close to reason; Between creation and prevention, between reasoning and creation, between submission and ambition, the result of an interconnected entity that slays one another from one another, and intersects with one another, to produce a special pattern each time, completely different from its predecessor or to provide a path for the coordination of others, which is outside the linguistic event, or part From it, signs and marks, produced to a large extent M., and united the signs; to return again in a circular and rotational movement to produc

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 23 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Toxicological and Immunological Effects o·f th.e Insecticide Diazinon in Male Albino Mice
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This st4dy  has been ccil'nd·ucted· to Â·shed a1ight 00: the

tox:icologital ®d irmm.J,nological effects.of the insectiCide Diaziuon

on male albino mice.

In order to determine the dose   whiCh should be ut\lized in he

chrqn:ic exposure  study, the LD:so valubas established  which rea.ched

58 mg l kg  of b0dy weight . Various parameters were· utHizea in

  • evaluatitig'the effects of tb:e.·ins.ecticide in fo.ut Weeks ami ig}1t weeks

..p,ost  ora.l - e.xposure l'lsing the concentrations 5, lb-  l.5 · mg I kg  body

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 15 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Physician and Medical Representative Interaction in Iraqi Private Sector: A Qualitative Study
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Pharmaceutical companies assign a budget for activities and promotions that aim to change the prescription habits of the physicians to choose the most suitable medications for their patients, which will eventually grow their sales. The study's objectives were to explore physicians' and medical representatives' perspectives on the criteria of impactful professional PP and the factors influencing the interaction between physicians and medical representatives. Qualitative in-depth interviews with flexible probing techniques were carried out in 2023. A semi-structured, open-ended interview questionnaire was used to interview physicians and medical representatives (MRs) from different private clinics in several governorates in Iraq. Ten physicia

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Influence of Acid Activation of a Mixture of Illite, Koalinite, and Chlorite Clays on the Adsorption of Methyl Violet 6B Dye
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The influence of acid activation of a mixture of illite, kaolinite, and chlorite clays collected from the area of Zorbatiya (east of Iraq) on the adsorption of methyl violet 6B (MV6B) as a cationic dye was studied. The activation was carried out by using 0.25M HCl and 0.25M . Raw and acid-activated clays were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Batch adsorption method was used to study the adsorption of MV6B onto the raw and acid activated clays. The impacts of different factors on the adsorption process were studied, such as clay weight, agitation time, starting MV6B concentration, temperature, ionic strength, and solution pH. The adsorption process was desc

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
A Comparative Study of the Influence of Different Types of Polymers on Viscosity Index and Pour Point of Iraqi Base Oils
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In this study, the effects of blending the un-branched acrylate polymer known as Poly (n-decyl acrylate), and the branched acrylate polymer known as Poly (iso-octyl acrylate), on the viscosity index (VI), and the pour point of the Iraqi base stocks 40, and 60 respectively, were investigated. Toluene was used as a carrier solvent for both polymer types. The improvement level of oils (VI, & pour point) gained by blending the oil with the acrylate derived polymers was compared with the values of (VI, and pour point) gained by blending the oil with a commercial viscosity index, and pour point improver. The commercial lubricant additive was purchased and used by Al-Daura Refineries. It consisted of an un-known olefin copolymer dissolved i

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences & Humanities
The ROLE OF THE CLEANER PRODUCTION STRATEGY IN ENHANCING THE MAIN SUCCESS FACTORS
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The business environment is witnessing tremendous developments in the field of production and technology, which requires the development of production methods to go in line with these developments and the increasing competition, which has gone beyond the economic aspects to extend to the environmental aspects, as economic units tended to adopt a cleaner production strategy and through what they achieve by producing environmentally friendly products and achieving economic efficiency. Reducing costs, providing a safe and clean environment for workers, and reducing waste from production operations.

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Publication Date
Tue May 16 2023
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Defense Diplomacy: The role of the French military bases in the African continent
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This research seeks to study the role of military bases in activating defense diplomacy, with a focus on studying the case of France in the African continent, which relied on its military bases as a tool to implement its foreign policy. The research explains the concept of defense diplomacy and its relationship to military bases as an effective tool to strengthening bilateral relations between the state's parties. The research focuses on studying the effectiveness of military bases as a tool for activating French defense diplomacy, and studying the goals that French foreign policy seeks to achieve through its intervention or presence in the African continent. In addition to the geopolitical reasons that prompted France to move to

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Publication Date
Wed May 18 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Variation of The Designing in decorative the Calligraphic authorization: حسـين علي يونــس
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Formed a decoration element Tzeigna important holidays linear, since regulating mechanism of vocabulary and formative elements Btnoatha through activation design with space linear in order to add value expressionistic, and achieve career goals and aesthetic, has promised these diversities and one of the finest artistic achievements that excelled the designer patterned through expertise and skill in the output of the design artwork beautiful image to fit with the importance degree in the field of calligraphy and set the rules, and was questionably basic research problem is the following:
What are the variations in the design of linear motifs Vacations?
In order to solve these problems and to reach the desired outcomes research ai

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 19 2015
Journal Name
Al-academy
The role of the music in developing the national identity: أحمد جهاد البدر
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Music has a significant role in shaping the artistical, musical and national identity of individuals. The resources of the cultural identity can be divers according to the multiplicity of the social component. In Iraq, there is a unique ethnical and sacred diversity, which is rather than playing a positive role in shaping the cultural and national identity, on contrast, it is establishing to create many local identities in the same society. Each identity reflects the culture of individual ethnic or religious group, which makes people make their own decisions according to their background rather than according to the benefit of the country.Music as an important cultural source has a social function in forming an artistical identity with n

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Formula of the Name (Faael) in Plural According to the Dictionary Use
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The grammar structure transforms from its fundamental field to another field that takes new dimensions, and is used in another way in speech that differs from the first one, because the formula basis of the name(Faael) in speech is a (distorted characteristic), and the distorted characteristic indicates the stability and the necessity of the characterized. as this characteristic has changed from its use as a distorted characteristic which was established by the elders. to a use that differs from the first and cannot be overlooked to achieve a new purpose, to be used as plural

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