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Exploring stakeholder perceptions of peer support initiatives in the management of diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: An online survey study
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Peer support is an effective strategy to promote self-management behaviors and improve well-being in those with cardiometabolic disease, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is limited knowledge about stakeholder perceptions regarding peer support programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The study assessed stakeholders’ awareness and understanding of peer support initiatives for T2DM, and explored their perceived barriers and readiness for implementation. A cross-sectional, self-administered online survey with branching logic was distributed to stakeholders across macro- (health policy), meso (tertiary hospital), and micro (community) levels of LMIC healthcare systems from June 1 to December 15, 2023. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively; qualitative data underwent thematic content analysis. A total of 69 respondents from 25 LMICs participated in the survey. Due to branching logic and response attrition, 53 surveys (77%) had complete responses. Most respondents were medical doctors (n = 35, 50.7%) and a large proportion worked in tertiary hospitals (n = 27, 39.1%). Thirty-nine respondents (56.5%) were aware of peer support; among the 38 respondents with complete data, 29 (76%) reported active involvement in T2DM peer support initiatives. Of 15 responses to open-ended questionnaires regarding barriers to T2DM peer support, 9 (60%) cited concerns about limited resources and lack of funding. Local leadership (mean ± standard deviation: 3.4 ± 1.2), resource allocation (2.7 ± 1.4), and sustainability planning (2.7 ± 1.4) showed the highest perceived readiness on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Stakeholders in LMICs demonstrate awareness and active involvement in T2DM peer support programs. While limited resources and funding remain significant barriers, local leadership, resource allocation, and sustainability planning showed the highest perceived readiness, indicating promising foundations for implementation. Strengthening these areas through targeted support could facilitate the expansion and sustainability of peer support initiatives in resource-constrained settings.

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of the "Senge" Model of Organizational Learning in the adoption of Total Quality Management principles) Exploratory study in an organization)
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      This study is concerned with organizational learning and its impact on total quality management in the education sector. Organizational learning is a process that provides the educational sector with the ability to adapt and respond rapidly to developments and changes in a better way according to its main dimensions (Mental Models, Personal Mastery, Team Learning, Shared Vision, System Thinking) by adopting the philosophy of Total Quality Management (TQM) in accordance with its basic dimensions (leadership, customer satisfaction, participation of workers, continuous improvement, training and education). The main purpose of this study is to know (the impact of the Senge model of organizational learni

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of the "Senge" Model of Organizational Learning in the adoption of Total Quality Management principles) Exploratory study in an organization)
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      This study is concerned with organizational learning and its impact on total quality management in the education sector. Organizational learning is a process that provides the educational sector with the ability to adapt and respond rapidly to developments and changes in a better way according to its main dimensions (Mental Models, Personal Mastery, Team Learning, Shared Vision, System Thinking) by adopting the philosophy of Total Quality Management (TQM) in accordance with its basic dimensions (leadership, customer satisfaction, participation of workers, continuous improvement, training and education). The main purpose of this study is to know (the impact of the Senge model of organizational learni

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of tax techniques on the quality of services provided to income taxpayers: An exploratory study in a sample of the branches of the General Tax Authority / Baghdad Governorate
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The research aims to demonstrate the impact of tax techniques on the quality of services provided to income taxpayers by studying the correlational and influencing relationships between the exploited variable (tax techniques) and the dependent variable (the quality of services provided to income taxpayers), and in line with the research objectives, the main hypothesis of the research was formulated (there is a relationship Significance between tax techniques and the quality of services provided to income taxpayers) a number of sub-hypotheses emerged from this hypothesis that were stated in the research methodology, and a number of conclusions were reached, the most important of which were (through the use of the correlation coeff

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 06 2025
Journal Name
Discover Education
A qualitative study on the beliefs and perceptions of inaugural PharmD program graduates
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Background There is an increasing need for pharmacists to incorporate more patient care targeting. Consequently, the productivity of pharmacy programs can be enhanced by evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of pharmacy curriculum. Objectives To assess the beliefs, perceptions, and challenges of the College of Pharmacy –The University of Baghdad PharmD graduates regarding the PharmD program. Method Qualitative research methodology was implemented. Graduate PharmD candidates were interviewed either inperson or via telephone. The interviews were conducted in a semi-structured format, utilizing a predetermined interview guide that included open-ended questions. Thematic analysis was implemented to analyze the data. Results A total of 2

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 21 2026
Journal Name
Spe Improved Oil Recovery Conference
Hele-Shaw Modeling of CO2-Assisted Gravity Drainage with Bottom-Water Support: An Experimental Study
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Abstract<p>Gas-assisted gravity drainage (GAGD) has emerged as a promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method that utilizes the natural buoyancy of injected gas to mobilize oil in gravity-dominated systems. The scope of this work is to experimentally evaluate the performance of CO2-assisted GAGD in the presence of bottom-water support, a common reservoir condition that complicates gas flooding efficiency. The primary objectives are to (i) assess the impact of injection pressure and oil production rate on oil recovery, (ii) determine the operational conditions that maintain gravity dominance and delay breakthrough, and (iii) identify the trade-offs between maximizing recovery and minimizing ga</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Wed Feb 20 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The phenomenon of military governments in the Arab countries
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The modern nation state, by virtue of its institutional nature, is divided into political and non-political institutions according to their respective jurisdictions. It is natural for non-political institutions to perform their functions under the control of the political establishment, for two reasons: first, Second: Ensuring the achievement of cooperation, harmony and integration between these different institutions in serving the stability of the society and its continuity and achieving its supreme objectives. The location of the military establishment is part of the non-political institutions of the state, since it carries out a non-political function that is based on defending the homeland against any threats that may threaten its s

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 26 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN PROVIDING FINANCIAL SUPPORT WOMEN IN IRAQ: THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN PROVIDING FINANCIAL SUPPORT WOMEN IN IRAQ
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This study dealt with the basics of financial inclusion in terms of concept, importance and objectives, The empowerment of women financially and bank ,and then the relationship between financial inclusion and women, and determine the requirements of inclusion Financial resources for women. The analytical descriptive method was used for data, which included reviewing and analyzing information and data in economic and financial literature. The study: reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are Financial inclusion contributes to women's financial and banking support, as there is a positive relationship between financial institutions Banking and women's access to financial and banking services, thus playing a rol

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Determinants of Total Factor Productivity Growth: an Analytical Study of a Cross Section of Countries for the Period (2003-2016)
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            This study tests the effect of a large number of independent variables that control the growth of the total productivity, which amounted to 112 variables, gathered from what is mentioned in the specialized theoretical and applied literature. The data for these variables were taken from global reports of sound international organizations and reliable databases covering the period 1991-2016. The data of the dependent variable, the growth of the total factor productivity, were taken from the database of the world development indicators. The study covered 61 countries for which data were available. The study included three regression models to explain

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Multidisciplinary And Current Research
The security problem in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries Study on internal challenges and future prospects
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The importance of our research is that it examines the causes and sources of the security challenges in the internal security environment of the GCC countries, and aims to address the most important issues that are of great interest, namely, the issue of inter-GCC differences and addressing the issues of regional security for the Gulf region, After it is one of the most dynamic and more polarized areas for the emergence of threats and challenges because of the multiplicity of sources of threat and their complexity due to the specificity of the strategic environment and the negative repercussions it can have on the Gulf region, especially the issue of regional security of the Gulf Cooperation Council Which has become a magnet for competing i

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of the requirements of Total Quality Environmental Management in promoting environmental sustainability-An Empirical Study in the Iraqi Drilling Company
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Abstract

quality issue is the only issue the interesting in recent years of the last century, but also came out of sync with the other issue is the issue of environment, Where they have become represent two sides of one currency, challenges faced by the world and raised by the environmental problems have made industrial organizations pay great attention to the environment by improving their environmental performance, and that's where the oil industry is one of the most dangerous industries, influential and damaging to the environment due to the organizations move away from oil for adoption The application of EMS then a tool to improve environmental performance has been chosen sam

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