The study aims to build a water quality index that fits the Iraqi aquatic systems and reflects the environmental reality of Iraqi water. The developed Iraqi Water Quality Index (IQWQI) includes physical and chemical components. To build the IQWQI, Delphi method was used to communicate with local and global experts in water quality indices for their opinion regarding the best and most important parameter we can use in building the index and the established weight of each parameter. From the data obtained in this study, 70% were used for building the model and 30% for evaluating the model. Multiple scenarios were applied to the model inputs to study the effects of increasing parameters. The model was built 4 by 4 until it reached 17 parame

     In this research, the geotechnical properties of soil for modern residential complexes in the city of Tikrit-Iraq were determined using six samples represented by three residential complexes (Bety, Yarmouk and Jawhara) and that these complexes built on gypsum soils suffer in the future from several engineering problems that appear in the form of cracks, inclination or subsidence in The buildings or the collapse of the facilities, the dilution of the roads and the breaking of the water and sewage networks due to the melting of the gypsum in the soil. One of the most important objectives for the research is that the residential complexes for the research area in Tikrit are not older than some years. With the urban expansion that a

     Ground water is a vital source for agricultural sector and rural communities. The global climate change is expected to change the hydrometeorological processes parameters. The climate considered as part of the southern Iraqi desert general climate with long, extremely hot, and dry summer and short wet period with little rain.  So it is vital to investigate the groundwater quality for irrigation purposes. The meteorological data of Samawa meteorological station for the period 1980-2015 was used to evaluate the climatic conditions for Muthana Governorate. It was found that the averages of annual rainfall was 105.7mm and the everages of evaporation is 3182 mm, while the mean monthly relative humidity % , mean t

An environmental study conducted on diatoms in Al Yusifiya river beyond its branching from Euphrates river. Four sites were selected along the river for the period from march 2013 to September 2013. The present study involved the measurement of physicochemical parameters, also the qualitative and quantities of diatoms. The studied parameters values ranged as follows: 19-44Cº and 16-30 Cº for air and water temperature respectively, 6.9-8.7, 595-1248 µS/cm, 6.4-8.0 mg/l for pH, electric conductivity and dissolved oxygen respectively. A total of 74 taxa were recorded for diatoms, where the pinnate diatom was the predominant and recorded 64 taxa while 10 taxa for centric diatoms. The total number of diatoms was 1197.55*104 cell /l. The tota

     Rainwater harvesting is one of the available solutions to overcome water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions with highly variable rainfall and unexpected periods of drought or floods. This study aims to identify the best rainwater harvesting system in Al-Muthanna governorate using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Landsat 8 images were used to produce the land use map which shows five different classes: water (0.2%), bare soil (82.11%), built-up (15.71%), forest (0.27%), and farmland and grass (1.71%). The results revealed that the rainwater harvesting system can be applied only in the north and north-eastern parts of the study area which consists of residential and agricultural areas and

     The hiding of information has become of great importance in recent times. With dissemination through the internet, and communication through satellites, information needs to be secure. Therefore, a new algorithm is proposed that enables secret messages to be embedded inside satellite images, wherein images of any size or format can be hidden, using a system’s image compression techniques. This operation is executed in three main steps: first phase – the original image is converted into a raster image; second phase– steganography, in which a binary secret message is hidden inside a raster image, using a 4×4 array as the secret key; and third phase– compre

Texture is an important characteristic for the analysis of many types of images because it provides a rich source of information about the image. Also it provides a key to understand basic mechanisms that underlie human visual perception. In this paper four statistical feature of texture (Contrast, Correlation, Homogeneity and Energy) was calculated from gray level Co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) of equal blocks (30×30) from both tumor tissue and normal tissue of three samples of CT-scan image of patients with lung cancer. It was found that the contrast feature is the best to differentiate between textures, while the correlation is not suitable for comparison, the energy and homogeneity features for tumor tissue always greater than its valu

     This research develops a new method based on spectral indices and random forest classifier to detect paddy rice areas and then assess their distributions regarding to urban areas. The classification will be conducted on Landsat OLI images and Landsat OLI/Sentinel 1 SAR data. Consequently, developing a new spectral index by analyzing the relative importance of Landsat bands will be calculated by the random forest. The new spectral index has improved depending on the most three important bands, then two additional indices including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and standardized difference built-up index (NDBI) have been used to extract paddy rice fields from the data. Several experiments being

Steganography is defined as hiding confidential information in some other chosen media without leaving any clear evidence of changing the media's features. Most traditional hiding methods hide the message directly in the covered media like (text, image, audio, and video). Some hiding techniques leave a negative effect on the cover image, so sometimes the change in the carrier medium can be detected by human and machine. The purpose of suggesting hiding information is to make this change undetectable. The current research focuses on using complex method to prevent the detection of hiding information by human and machine based on spiral search method, the Structural Similarity Index Metrics measures are used to get the accuracy and quality