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Role of Visual Evoked Potentials in Multiple Sclerosis
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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting young adults and is considered as the leading cause of non traumatic neurological disability of young adults affecting nearly 2 million people worldwide. The pathogenesis of MS is at best incompletely understood. There are several proposed mechanisms that may be important in the production of MS plaques: autoimmunity, environment and heredity. Deviation of immune responses in a genetically susceptible patient plays a central role in its pathogenesis. Electrophysiological, spinal tap and Radiological tools are important laboratory investigations and have added so much to the clinical diagnosis and for the classification of MS. It was found that visual function and conduction has been changed in patients with multiple sclerosis.
Objectives: The aims of the study is to estimate and evaluate the visual evoked potential (VEP) parameters in patients with MS and its relation to their disability degree (using the expanded disability status scale score "EDSS") and visual presentation of them in comparison with healthy individuals.
Patients and Methods: 112 patients with multiple sclerosis and 50 subjects without any neurological or psychiatric diseases as control group were recruited in this study. The cases were collected from Baghdad teaching hospital, MS center, Baghdad, Iraq at the period from May 2012 to April 2013, and studied at the unit of electrophysiology in Al-Shaheed Ghazi Al-Hareri Hospital in the Medical city. All patients and control groups were tested for VEP.
Results: The present study showed a significant increase in the P100 latency and inter-ocular (IO) latency difference and non statistical significant decrease in the IO amplitude difference in patients group than the control group. Also among patients group there was positive linear correlation between the severity of the disease measured by EDSS score and P100 latency while negative linear correlation with the amplitude.
Conclusion: There was a higher percent of patients with defective VEP parameters and so their visual pathway even if it was asymptomatic, in addition to their relation with patients` disability than the control group, making it easy to quantify and predict MS disability objectively.
Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, Expanded Disability Status Scale, VEP.

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 20 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The future role of the military establishment in the political life of Egypt
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There are certain dates in the history of nations that have their effects on them ,and the 25th of January 2011 is considered one of them in the history of the state of Egypt .Since this date Egypt has passed through many events that led to changes in the political life and its actors . New rolls has arisen for actors that didn't take part in the political life before so clearly ,like the military establishment which started to practice more prominent political roll, till it became the most important actor in the political life of Egypt .This establishment tried to institutionalize its roll through constitutional means ,considering that controlling the authority is the only alternative to safeguard the state which we are trying to study

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 03 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The role of the strategic culture variable in negotiations (Brexit a model)
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      Negotiations are distinguished in that they are an easy and simple means between the conflicting parties, and it is an effective means at the same time as the conflicting parties seek understanding on the most effective way to solve their dispute, but negotiations are not always appropriate to resolve international disputes, especially when there is a disparity in power between the negotiating countries, or when it is missing Goodwill, or even when one of the parties is absent or less flexible, and the internal circumstances of one of the conflicting countries may play a negative or positive role in the success of the negotiations, away from the influence of the role of external variables in that, a

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 21 2024
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The role of witchery and astrology programs in spreading illusion and myth
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« The emergence of satellite channels has led to fundamental changes in the supposed role of television, making it a center of culture and an important tributary to social upbringing and influencing the attitudes and values of individuals and in making public opinion regarding various issues, some television programs target ordinary people at home by virtue of the nature of their subjects, where there is a large audience of viewers, who consume and absorb what is offered to them from the cultural production of those satellite channels that play with the aspirations of groups of society to find metaphysical or magic solutions to their social problems or psychological delusions. The media, through its various messages, contributes to brin

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of moral values in the tourism service ,An analytical study
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Business Ethics play a major role in explaining the behavior of those interested in the management of tourism enterprises in the field of management gains, which sometimes turn to manipulation in the specification of the service of tourism and influence in the technical characteristics at the expense of the brand and market share, as well as misleading beneficiaries about the fact that the performance of the service of tourism, may depend activities tourist dramatically when submitting and sharing various services on the types of mutual relations the framework for moral distinct, in interaction or direct contact between producers of tourism services and tourists or their beneficiaries, in order to provide comfort and recreation a

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 21 2024
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
THE ROLE OF PRESS ADVERTISING IN ENCOURAGING THE PUBLIC TO PURCHASE
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This research sheds light on how press advertising affects consumer behavior and draws attention to it by identifying the factors that influence the intellectual perception process or attention to it. The aim of the research was to identify the factors that help achieve the objectives of the press announcement. The aim of the research was to identify the factors that help to achieve the objectives of the press announcement. The research problem was identified in four questions that were answered through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of students of College of Mass Communication, University of Baghdad. Do newspaper advertisements meet the readers’ need to search for the req

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role Of Knowledge Innovation In Managing Strategic Momentum (Field Research)
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The Research Aims To Clarify The Role Of Knowledge Innovation On The Administrative Process Represented by Managing Strategic Momentum, The Research Problem Focuses on Administrative leader Interest In And Implementation Of The Innovation Element Of Knowledge In The Organization By " Managing Strategic Momentum" As Well As The Focus By Management About The Innovators And Makers Of Knowledge And Strategic Planners In The Design And Formulation Of Strategic. Research does Contribute In Solving Part Of The Organizational Problems Of Vision, Innovation And Their Impact On The Momentum Management To Determine The Extent On Which The Procedures Of The Assessed Companies And Plan To Regulate Innovation Under The Momentu

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role Of Cultural Intelligence In drawing Local Politics (Field Research)
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Abstract :

This research aims to examine the correlation and the impact of Cultural Intelligence with their dimensions (Strategy, Knowledge, Motivation, Behavior) on Drawing Local politics and their dimensions (Empowerment, Flexibility, Organizational Justice, Local Funding) In Dhi Qar Provincial Council To determine the extent of the presence of significant statistical differences between research variables Due to the recent experiment which requires clarification of the role of the pivotal and important carried out by the provincial council in the exercise of his work in light of the diversity of cultures and the peculiarities of the local community, which may impede the provision of equal services to all those parties

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The role of digital communication and display in interior design processes
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In light of the intellectual and technological progress within the current developments of time, as well as the emergence of digital tools and means of display and communication, which had a major role in the shifts of the time of globalization in various commercial and economic fields, as well as areas of transferring the design image and its stages of development to customers and the convergence of views between the customer and the interior designer, which are the most important pillars of the design process As a whole, and accordingly, there is an urgent need for a process of intellectual balance between them through digital tools from the technical side and through social media from the intellectual side. Customer comments via socia

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Publication Date
Wed May 18 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Role of Phenotypic Traits in Interior Spaces: سهير ياسين احمد
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The phenotypic characteristics in the interior spaces are seeing the result of the ability of the designer in his handling of the vocabulary and the elements to deliver a specific meaning for the recipient , and is working to stir up the receiver and make it effective in the process of perception of space. So the theme of the role of phenotypic characteristics is of great significance in the process of analyzing spaces to reach the goal of the main idea , and show those qualities through relationships design in terms of shape, color and texture ... etc. , to reach also designs more beautiful , and creating an internal environment , creative and continuous with its external environment , Hence the importance of research in that it tries t

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 02 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The role of the compliance monitor in applying the rules of banking governance
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Governance system extends its application to include all internal bodies in the banking institution as well as the external authorities that impose the application of the rules of banking governance, each according to its position.

Among the external actors involved in applying the rules of banking governance is the central bank that takes the position of the general supervisor of all banking activities in the country, and that the central bank exercises its supervision and control over banks through the compliance monitor, and the latter is the effective link between the central bank and the banks under its supervision. Therefore, we find that it has an important role in implementing the rules of banking governance at the level

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