Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder of the carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism, resulting in increased blood glucose levels. Various complications of diabetes have been described with periodontitis being added as the sixth complication of diabetes mellitus. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) has been identified as major tissue-destructive enzyme in periodontal disease. MMP-8 is released from neutrophils in a latent, inactive pro form and becomes activated during periodontal inflammation by independent and/or combined actions of host-derived inflammatory mediators .C-reactive protein is a systemic marker released during the acute phase of an inflammatory response. Subjects, materials and methods: Total samples

Background: Bone augmentation techniques are commonly employed in medical fields. This biomaterial system must be readily available, easily applicable by minimally-invasive technique and able to release an osteoinductive growth factor. Such a system will be able to engineer new bone formation locally at the site of injection. Hyaluronic acid has osteogenic potential that can be exploited not only for repairing bone defects but also for providing transplantable bone for the reconstruction of a variety of bone defects. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of Hyaluronic acid gel on bone healing by immunohistochemical estimation of transforming growth factor -beta 3 in experimental and control groups. Materials and methods: Thirt

This study was performed at Nuclear Radiation Hospital in Baghdad for the period from
January 2011 to May 2011. 44 Blood samples were collected from patients suffered lung and
bladder cancer and 24 samples as healthy control individuals.
Routine liver functions tests were studied by measuring S.GPT, S.GOT and Kidney
function was evaluated by estimation of blood urea and creatinine in serum samples of
individuals studied.
It was observed that the incidence of lung and bladder cancer was higher in males than
females patients ( male 81.82 %, 72.73%, female18 .18%, 27.27% respectively).
Insignificant difference was noted among age of lung and bladder cancer patients
compared with control group. The results

Schizophrenia(SCZ) is oneof the most destructive and complicated chronic diseases of the human nervous system. Serotonin receptors have been involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Fortyschizophrenia subjects (14females and 26 males) with an age range of 23– 57 years were enrolled, in addition to twenty healthy control subjects (10female and 10 male) with an age range of 19-44 years.

This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), namelyrs643627 in HTR2Agene,inIraqi patients with schizophrenia in comparison with controls, along with the association between this SNP and the incidence of schizophrenia.

The genetic variantrs6436

BACKGROUND: Tribulus terrestris has been commonly used in folk medicine to energize, vitalize and improve sexual function and physical performance in men and laboratory rats. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Tribulus terrestris on the number of Leydig cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tribulus terrestris was given to mature male rats as an oral single herbal suspension in a dose of 2.0mg /1000gbody weight for 14 days to stimulate spermatogenesis. Formalin fixed paraffinembedded tissue sections were performed for histological, immunohistochemical and morphometrical studies. RESULTS: Histological study revealed wider seminiferous tubules and increased spermatocytes population with an increased sperm density inside the lumen of the tubul

Background: thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine carcinoma as it accounts for almost 90% of all endocrine malignancies. The term incidental denoted malignant tumors of the thyroid gland detected by post-operative biopsy results of the resected specimens resected from benign thyroid diseases. Among the incidental thyroid malignancies, papillary carcinoma is the commonest pathological type.
Objectives : To determine the incidence of incidental thyroid carcinoma and to insist on accurate preoperative diagnostic work up of patients with thyroid diseases.
Patients & Methods: A prospective study, which was conducted during the period from March 2013 to April 2014 at Baghdad teaching hospital first surgical unit by the same

Bladder cancer (BC) is the predominant malignant neoplasm in the urinary system and ranks as the tenth most prevalent malignant tumor worldwide. Compared with females, males displayed a four-fold more common incidence of bladder cancer. It mainly affects men. Bladder cancer is the fourth most prevalent neoplasm in males. The most important protein that makes up high density lipoprotein (HDL), ApoA-I apolipoprotein A1 is essential in regulating the right amount of cholesterol. Multiple inquiries have demonstrated that APOA1 plays a pivotal role in the progression, infiltration, and spread of tumors. Objectives. The objective of this study was to measure the level of urine to serum apolipoprotein A1 in patients suffering from bladder

Background:- Colorectal carcinoma is the most common cancer after the breast cancer in female and bronchus cancer in male. P53 is a tumor suppressor gene, approximately half of colorectal cancers present mutation in p53 gene.
Objectives:- To determine the frequency and the pattern of p53expression in colorectal carcinoma by immunohistochemical technique and to correlate this expression with different clinicopathological parameters.
Materials and methods:-Thirty cases of colorectal carcinoma were included in this study, these cases were diagnosed in private pathology laboratories in Baghdad / Iraq from January 2015 to Jaune 2015. Clinicopathological parameters such as age , gender , pathological diagnosis , including the tumor site

Result of studying (61) urine samples collected from students department of Biology in the College of Education-Tikrit University and the people who hold signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections with those who do not have any signs or symptoms through a questionnaire has been with the collection of samples, and the total cases were infected (39 ) cases, a rate (63.9%) distributed (28) cases a female (68.2%) and male (11) cases event rate (55%), while the distribution of positive cases among age groups have emerged group (20-22 years) is the highest rate (56%) females. The results of urine cultures accompany the presence of different types of bacteria sick and E.coli bacteria is the highest ratios positive also it is the most comm

One of the most interested problems that recently attracts many research investigations in Protein-protein interactions (PPI) networks is complex detection problem. Detecting natural divisions in such complex networks is proved to be extremely NP-hard problem wherein, recently, the field of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) reveals positive results. The contribution of this work is to introduce a heuristic operator, called protein-complex attraction and repulsion, which is especially tailored for the complex detection problem and to enable the EA to improve its detection ability. The proposed heuristic operator is designed to fine-grain the structure of a complex by dividing it into two more complexes, each being distinguished with a core pr