Background:Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis, and novel therapies are needed. The FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitorsrepresents a promising target in pediatric AML.
Objectives:This study was done to estimate the frequency of FLT3- ITD mutation in childhood acute myeloid leukemia using conventional PCR & correlate this mutation with the clinical presentation and response to induction therapy.
Patients, Materials &Methods: Twenty children with AML, and 16 children with reactive bone marrow as negative control were enrolled in this study. Those patients were attending Child Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from March 2010 to July 2011 .For each patient hematological investigations including complete blood picture, and bone marrow aspiration were done.FLT3-ITD mutation was detected by conventional PCR technology using specific primers. Complete hematological remission achievement after induction chemotherapy was assessed by clinical examinations and full laboratory investigations.
Results: Out of 20 AML children who participated in this study, 2 (10%) had FLT3-ITD mutation. The mean age of patients who had the mutation was higher than those without the mutation; and the mutated patientswere males, (P> 0.05).The FLT3-ITD mutation showed no correlation to clinical presentation.The peripheral blood & bone marrow blast cell percent werenon significantly higherin mutated patients as compared to non mutated patients. Regardingits relation to FAB classification, the FLT3-ITD mutation was only detected in M3(1/20) and M3v(1/20), and no mutation was found in other subtypes(M1,M2,M5). Furthermore, mutated patients showed lower response to inductiontherapy as compared to non mutated patients.
Conclusions: This is a noval study in one Iraqi teaching hospital to detect FLT3-ITD mutation by using conventional PCR in children with AML. This mutation was detected in 10% of thosechildren , and since they were male,older age group,and presented with higher peripheral blood &bone marrow blast cell percent thus we may propose that it may be used as a marker for the aggressiveness of the disease and can be used to modulate the treatment strategy for those patients.
Source, sedimentation, coagulation, flocculation, filter, and tank are parts of a water treatment plant. As a result, some issues threaten the process and affect the drinking water quality, which is required to provide clean drinking water according to special standards and international and local specifications, determined by laboratory results from physical, chemical, and biological tests. In order to keep the water safe for drinking, it is necessary to analyze the risks and assess the pollution that occurs in every part of the plant. The method is carried out in a common way, which is monitoring through laboratory tests, and it is among the standards of the global and local health regulators
Melatonin, a hormone synthesized mainly by the pineal gland, has been found in extra-pineal organs as well. It’s known as an organizer of circadian rhythms and more recently as an anti-oxidant. In addition to its role in maintaining immunity, pathophysiology of cardiovascular and neurological diseases, and as an anti-cancer agent, evidence has demonstrated that melatonin exerts a positive impact on male and female fertility primarily through oxygen scavenging effects. In In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) programs, supplementation of melatonin may be associated with better outcomes in terms of sperm quality, oocyte quality, embryo quality and pregnancy rates. This review summarizes various actions of melatonin on the body focusing on male an
... Show MoreObjective(s): To describe the demographic attributes, vaccination status of measles patients and the occurrence of
the disease according to time and place in Kirkuk governorate during the year 2010.
Methodology: The epidemiological study (a descriptive study) on measles cases was carried out in Kirkuk province
which is one of the Iraqi governorates from January 20th to July 30th, 2011. Data were collected retrospectively by
review of patients' files that were registered at the department of statistic in health directorate of Kirkuk during the
year 2010. A purposive "non-probability" sample of (152) confirmed measles cases (clinically and laboratory) that
were registered at the department of statistic in health directora
This study aims to analyze the flow migration of individuals between Iraqi governorates using real anonymized data from Korek Telecom company in Iraq. The purpose of this analysis is to understand the connection structure and the attractiveness of these governorates through examining the flow migration and population densities. Hence, they are classified based on the human migration at a particular period. The mobile phone data of type Call Detailed Records (CDRs) have been observed, which fall in a 6-month period during COVID-19 in the year 2020-2021. So, according to the CDRs nature, the well-known spatiotemporal algorithms: the radiation model and the gravity model were applied to analyze these data, and they are turned out to be comp
... Show MoreDespite the history of Baghdad city extends into a long history, most of the contemporary buildings of Baghdad have been shaped in the era of modernity. Furthermore, most of the buildings of modernity in Baghdad are types of modernity buildings in Iraq as a whole, and due to all the joints of change and development are taking place in Iraq starts from Baghdad. Accordingly, all selected buildings, which would be presented as case studies of modernity will be exclusively in Baghdad. Although the importance of this significant modernist product, which represents the identity of Baghdad, which should be preserved by the renewal and preservation policies, the problem of research was emerged as follow: new fin
... Show MoreAbstract
The current study aims to identify the resilience of university students, as well as identify the differences in resilience according to the variable of gender and specialization. The research sample consisted of (382) students studying at Baghdad University. To measure Resilience, a questionnaire of (48) items was designed to collect the needed data. The results showed that the students of the University of Baghdad possess resilience. There are no differences in resilience according to gender and specialization.
Free boundary problems with nonlinear diffusion occur in various applications, such as solidification over a mould with dissimilar nonlinear thermal properties and saturated or unsaturated absorption in the soil beneath a pond. In this article, we consider a novel inverse problem where a free boundary is determined from the mass/energy specification in a well-posed one-dimensional nonlinear diffusion problem, and a stability estimate is established. The problem is recast as a nonlinear least-squares minimisation problem, which is solved numerically using the