Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) results from a progressive accumulation of long-lived, functionally incompetent, nonproliferating lymphocytes.
Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing blood vessels and plays an important role in the progression of solid tumors as well as several hematologic malignancies like CLL.
Patients and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study done on 68 patients with CLL compared with 15 control individuals (anemic patients), all recruited at the Medical City Teaching Laboratories from January 2005 to December 2008. The bone marrow biopsy (BMB) of each was re-examined histologically. Immunohistochemical (IHC) technique was performed on BMB sections ut

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease with an extremely variable course. Survival after diagnosis can range from months to decades and wide variability exists in the rate of disease progression and the incidence of disease-related complications among patients with CLL. Staging helps to define prognosis and to decide when to initiate therapy.
Objective: To asses response to oral alkylating therapy and to evaluate the adverse events that can complicate the disease itself or the treatment, including infections, autoimmune and other complications. The survival events are also been assessed.
Patients and methods: Forty nine Iraqi CLL patients, their age ranged between 40-90 years were followed with me

Background :Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a low-grade B-lineage lymphoid malignancy. Both  Ki-67 which is a large nuclear protein associated with cell proliferation and Bcl-2 which is an anti-apoptotic protein which is associated with dysregulation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway , were thoroughly investigated in many cancer patients particularly in hemopoietic malignancies .

Patients, materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted from November 2009 to May 2010 , on fifty formaline fixed paraffin embedded blocks of CLL cases retrieved from Medical City Teaching Hospital ; their age range was 39-75 years along with twenty control cases with benign r

Background: Several factors render chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) an interesting subject for study by researchers. These include marked progress in understanding the molecular biology of normal and neoplastic lymphocytes and recent advances in molecular genetics techniques. Among molecular markers, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), have been widely studied.
Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of MMP-9 in the pathogenesis of CLL and to assess its prognostic role.
Patients and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study done on 60 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia compared with 20 controls (anemic patients), all recruited at the Medical City Teaching Hospital laboratories from January 2004 to De

Background: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) occurs due to malignant transformation of a pluripotent stem cell.  Progression is insidious from chronic to aggressive accelerated or blastic phases. Studies revealed a significant role of the tumor suppressor gene P53 in disease progression.

Objectives: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of mutant P53 protein in CML at different clinical phases.

Background: several factors render chronic lymphocytic leukemia an interesting subject for study by researchers. These include marked progress in understanding the molecular biology of normal and neoplastic lymphoid cells and recent advances in molecular genetics techniques. Among molecular markers, p-53 cancer suppressor gene has been widely studied.
Objectives: is to correlate p-53 protein expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, as examined by immunohistochemical method, with some pathological and clinical parameters.
Patients and methods: this is a retrospective study; whereby archival paraffin-embedded bone marrow tissue blocks along with the clinical and hematological records of fifty patients (35 males and 15 females), wi

Background: It is still difficult to give a final diagnosis in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPDs) because of the overlap of the common pathological and clinical features of these disorders like bone marrow fibrosis which is considered important because it affects the normal function of the bone marrow. The collagen fibers are of different types, but in the bone marrow, the two main types are: collagen I, which is the most abundant type and collagen III (reticular) which is often associated with type I.
Objectives:To study bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) in samples of bone marrow biopsies (BMB) of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and other chronic myeloproliferative disorders using histochemical stains to establish the grade of fibr

Background: Several factors render chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) an interesting subject for study by researchers. These include marked progress in understanding the molecular biology of normal and neoplastic lymphocytes and recent advances in molecular genetics techniques. Among molecular markers, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), have been widely studied.
Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of VEGF in the pathogenesis of CLL and its role in disease progression.
Patients, materials and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done on 60 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (45 males & 15 females) compared with 20 controls (anemic patients), all recr

Objective (s): To assess the QoL of children age from (8- lessthan13) years with acute lymphocytic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy and to find out the relationship between the QoL of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia and their illness history.

Methodology:  A descriptive study included (40) children with acute lymphocytic leukemia who were ranged between (8 - less than 13 years) at the Hematology Center in Medical City for the period from 4^th March 2021 to 1^st September 2021. The sample was non-probability (purposive) sample of children (male and female). A questionnaire designed with 2 main parts was used. The first part focused on sociodemographic characterist

Background: The human CD19 (Cluster Differentiation) antigen is a 95 kd transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. CD19 gene located on the short arm of chromosome 16p11.2 (P: petit). CD19 is a member of the Ig immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on the surface of B lymphocytes, and may play a pivotal role in B-cell differentiation and activation. Research suggests that mutations in a gene CD19 leads to a lack of expression of CD19 membrane and result in an antibody deficiency syndrome.
Objective: The aim of this work is to study the mutations in Exon 2 CD19gene in leukemia patients in Baghdad/Iraq.
Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study was performed in the National