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The Relationship between Family History and C-peptide Level in Type2 Diabetic Patients

Background: Family history of type 2 diabetes is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by progressive β-cell dysfunction; many investigators have used C peptide levels as a biomarker of β-cell function.

Objective: the current study was design to investigate the impact of family history on biochemical characteristics (c-peptide, HbA1c, lipid profile, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance.

J Fac Med Baghdad

2013; Vol.55, No .3

Received Feb .2013

Accepted July.2013

Subjects and methods: three hundreds patients (152 males 148 females) with type 2 DM were enrolled in this study; and two hundreds individual serves as a control groups (103 male 97 female). The following clinical characteristics were reported: age, sex, waist circumference WC, systolic blood pressure SBP, diastolic blood pressure DBP, family history, body mass index BMI, laboratory analyses included serum c-peptide, blood glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) assay, lipid profile which included serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride(TG), serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL). Insulin secretion, sensitivity and resistance were calculated from fasting serum glucose (FSG) (mg/dl) and C-peptide (ng/ml) values by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).The statistical analysis was done by SPSS (statistical packagefor social sciences- version 17).

Result: Statistically was observed that highly significant increase in serum C-peptide in patients compared to control group (3.85±1.02 vs 1.53±0.24 p<0.01).The patients with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus had longer diabetes duration, heavier weight, higher levels of TG, LDL-cholesterol, and lowered age, HDL-cholesterol than those without a family history . Also, the presence of a family history of diabetes was associated with lower levels of fasting plasma C-peptide (3.01± 1.78 vs 4.95±1.82, p<0.05). Serum C-peptide had a significant negative correlation with family history and duration of diabetes. Furthermore, C-peptide was inversely correlated with HbA1c, and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S). On the other hand, C-peptide correlated positively with BMI, DBP, LDL-cholesterol, TG, insulin resistance HOMA-IR, and insulin secretion HOMA-B. As well as, C-peptide did not show significant correlation with age, FSG, and TC. When the multiple linear analysis was executed with C-peptide as dependent variable with other independent variable (BMI, duration, family history, HOMA-IR, HOMA-S, and HOMA-B) there were significant result with this variables. The person correlation analyses to identify the parameters that most closely related with diabetic duration according to family history of diabetes; which showed that diabetic duration had a significant negative correlation with C-peptide, and HOMA-B only in patients with family history of Type2 DM (-0.126, and -0.229) respectively.

Conclusion: the current study suggested that subjects with a family history of diabetes mellitus are predisposed to develop this disease earlier. Although, serum C-peptide increased significantly in diabetics group compared with controls, and C-peptide decreased in patients with family history of diabetes. In addition, the results showed that family history of type2 diabetic patients is thought to have a deep impact on duration of the disease, lipid profile, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, and this may lead to higher prevalence of diabetic complication compared to patients without family history. These results support the necessity of earlier screening for diabetes in family members of T2DM patients and prevention the complications of the disease.

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Estimation of Parameters for the Gumbel Type-I Distribution under Type-II Censoring Scheme

This paper aims to decide the best parameter estimation methods for the parameters of the Gumbel type-I distribution under the type-II censorship scheme. For this purpose, classical and Bayesian parameter estimation procedures are considered. The maximum likelihood estimators are used for the classical parameter estimation procedure. The asymptotic distributions of these estimators are also derived. It is not possible to obtain explicit solutions of Bayesian estimators. Therefore, Markov Chain Monte Carlo, and Lindley techniques are taken into account to estimate the unknown parameters. In Bayesian analysis, it is very important to determine an appropriate combination of a prior distribution and a loss function. Therefore, two different

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 15 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
Intellectual and Aesthetic Relationship between the Public and the Modern Theater (the play Oh Lord!) as a model: فيصل عبد عودة

The issue of the public in the directions and theories of the theater director in the world theater, especially after the emergence of realism and the crystallization of the term direction and the definition of the role of the director in 1850 AD by the Duke Max Mengen took different paths to the Greek, Roman and even Elizabethan audience because it was here subjected to the theatrical equation from  its production and presentation due to the fact that the  theatrical performance is a technical artistic production, and the audience participation, watching and consumption, and here the participation of the audience was subjected to three directions:  the enlightenment in the sense of arousing sense, the incitement in the se

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Investing Information Technology and its Interactional Role in the Relationship between Value Added Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance An Analytical Comparative Rese

 Abstract 

The basic aim of this research is to study the interactional effect of investing information technology on the relationship between value added intellectual capital and financial performance as literature review suggested on the theoretical level, including previous studies, with the deduction of its trends strongly predicted by research hypotheses and their content associated with the investment in intellectual capital after information technology tools being employed in this direction to improve the financial performance of the studied companies at the levels of both industrial and service sectors, a non-random sample was chosen included (40) forty Iraqi Joint-Stoc

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Developing a Learning Organization According to Analysis of the Relationship between Knowledge Gap and Strategic Performance Gaps: Field Study in a Sample of Private Banks in Baghdad.

The purpose of this research shed light on the analysis of the relationship between the knowledge gap and the strategic performance  gap and diagnose the level of impact this relationship in building a learning organization, and sought search to achieve a number of goals, cognitive and Applied been tested nature of the relationship and effect between variables in a sample size (62) of the managers of banks civil in Baghdad (Baghdad, Gulf, Assyria, Union, Elaf) and focused research problem in question is bold is whether the analysis of the relationship between the knowledge gap and the performance gap strategic leads to recognize organizations need to shift to organizations educated, either in the side of the field was the pr

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Publication Date
Sun May 08 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The effect of the relationship between the internal auditor and the external auditor on the Earnings quality in Iraqi companies listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange

The changes that have occurred in the business environment and scientific and technological progress, as well as the complexity of administrative problems resulting from its practice of various activities, have led to an increase in the responsibilities entrusted to it, and for the purpose of achieving its strategic objectives, which has made the pillars of corporate governance an inevitable matter required by the nature of modern scientific management of the governorate, the success that companies seek is based on the fertile environment and the dialectical relationship between the individual and the company, and to achieve this success there must be a compatible and harmonious audit environment between the internal and external

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis of the relationship between Government spending compression and the window of the currency and its impact on the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar

The exchange rate is the backbone of  any economy in the world, whether  developed or developing, where most countries adopted  many policies, in order to ensure the stability of the exchange rate of the currency, because of its importance as a link between the local economy and the others ,And it contribute in the achievement of internal and external balance and despite the many different factors that affect it, but there is wide consensus on the effectiveness of the role of spending and the currency window in the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar, especially in the Iraqi economy, effectiveness As the increase in government spending lead to an increase in the supply of money and increase domestic demand and high pr

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis of the relationship between the prices of wheat and rice importer in Iraq and crude oil prices and the exchange rate using the ARDL model

Since the beginning of 21st century, the prices of Agricultural crops have increased. This Increases is accompanied with that increases of crude oil prices and fluctuation of a dollar exchange rate as a dominant currency used in the global trade. The paper aimed to analysis the short run and long run cointegration relationships between prices of some of Agricultural crops imported by Iraq such as wheat and rice crops and both the crude oil prices and the Iraq dinar exchange rate a gained America dollar using ARDL model. The results show the long run equilibrium between they three variable throng the error correction mechanizem. The results also show the significant and economically sound effects of cru

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The interactive relationship between the dimensions of the requirements of economic intelligence and the strategic success of banks: Applied research on a sample of Iraqi private banks

The aim of this research is to demonstrate the nature of the interactive relationship between the dimensions of the requirements of economic intelligence Represented by(Administrative and regulatory requirements, human requirements, and technical requirements) The strategic success of banks is represented by (Customer satisfaction, customer confidence, quality of service, growth) In three of the Iraqi banks own bank(Middle East Iraqi Investment, Al Ahli Iraqi, Gulf Commercial), The questionnaire was adopted as a tool for collecting data and information Of the sample (85) Who are they(Director of the Commissioner, M. Director Plenipotentiary, Director of Department, Director of Section, M. Section Manager, Division Officer, Unit Officer),

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
The Relationship between Uric Acid Concentration and Some of Plasma Lipids in Patients with C. V. Disease in General Hospital of Al-Nasseriya

         Cardiovascular disorders  are  refer to the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels (arteries and veins). While the term technically refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system. Cholesterol is classified as a sterol (a contraction of steroid and

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 22 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Measuring and analyzing the relationship between the fiscal policy indicators and the bank stability index in Iraq for the period 2010-2016 using the ARDL model.

The importance of this research is to clarify the nature and the relationship between the indicators of financial policy and banking stability in Iraq, as well as to find a composite index reflects the state of banking stability in Iraq in order to provide an appropriate means to help policymakers in making appropriate decisions before the occurrence of financial crises.

     Hence, the problem of research is that the fiscal policy has implications for the macro economy and does not rule out its impact on banking stability. Moreover, the central bank does not possess a single indicator that reflects the stability of the banking system, rather than the scattered indicators that depend o

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