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Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy; It’s Complications and Causes of Conversion to Open Cholecystectomy.
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Background: The laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for treating the symptomatic cholelithiasis. Conversion is sometimes necessary due to finding unexpected pathology,intraoperative complications or unexpected technical errors .

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the complications and the predictive factors of conversion in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for various indications in elective and acute settings in a general hospital in order to reduce the incidence rates of both , complications and  conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to the open technique .

Patients and Methods: This is a prospective study included 128 patients [their ages ranged from18 -65 years; the mean =39.60 ± 11.37 SD years].Female patients were 111 (86.7 ) ,male patients were 17 (13.3 % ) . These patients underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy in AL-Karama Teaching Hospital / College of Medicine / Wasit University-Iraq,from April 2011 till December 2012. Recorded data were sex, age, indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy , complications, conversion to the open technique , reasons of conversion, co- morbidity , length of the hospital stay and 30- day mortality.

Results: The intraoperative complications were; bleeding from the cystic artery in 9 patients (7.03 %), perforation of the gallbladders in17 patients (13.28% ) and spillage of the stones from cystic duct stump in12 patients( 9.37% ).All these complications were successfully treated laparoscopically.This study has no postoperative complications during follow-up period . Conversion from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy to an open cholecystectomy was performed for 7 patients ( 5.49 % ). The reasons for conversion were ; dense fibrosis of Calot’s triangle in two patients ( 1.56 % ) and one patient(0.78 % ) for each of the following pathologies : cholecystoduodental fistula ,postoperative adhesions , impacted stone in the cystic duct , Mirrizzi’s syndrome and incidental CBD stone.The intaoperative findings and postoperative histopathologic diagnoses were: 114 patients( 89.1 % ) with chronic calculous cholecystitis, 5 patients ( 3.9 % ) with acute calculous cholecystitis, 5 patients( 3,9 % )  with empyema of the gall bladder, 4 patients ( 3.1 % ) with mucocele of the gall bladder .There was no mortality in this study .                                                                                                                        

Conclusions: In this study,there were simple complications being laparoscopically treated .Male gender, age older than 50 years that were associated with dense fibrosis of Calot’s triangle , postoperative upper abdominal adhesions,cholecystoduodenal fistula Mirrizi’syndrome ,impaced stones in the cystic duct and incidental CBD stone were the main factors of conversion .

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Characterization of New phenolic Schiff bases Derivatives Based on Terephthaladehyde
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A variety of new phenolic Schiff bases derivatives have been synthesized starting from Terephthaladehyde compound, all proposed structures were supported by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Elemental analysis, some derivatives evaluated by Thermal analysis (TGA).

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 06 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Histological and Histochemical study of the Esophagus in Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis
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The present study represent the histological and histochemical structure of the esophagus of laughing dove Streptopelia senegalensis, one of the wild birds, which feed on the seeds( grainvorous).The result showed that the esophagus long tubular quit wide and highly distensible organ situated at the right side of the nick , lie between pharynx and stomach it was divided into cervical and thoracic part , the cervical part longer than the thoracic part, and the crop was merely enlargement fusiform in shape which located at the entrance of the thorax. Esophagus parts showed that composed of four layer ;the mucosa, sub mucosa, muscular and adventitia or serosa, the mucosal layer was arranged in folds which was longer in the c

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Structural, Gas Sensing and Dielectric Properties of HoXFe1-X FeO3 Perovskite Compound
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Environmental pollutions and resources depletion motivates scientific research to innovate technologies for sustainable productive systems. To develop gas sensing substance with optimized performance a perovskite compound of HoxFe1-x FeO3 (where x= 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) were prepared by standard solid state reaction technique. The crystal structure was studied by XRD, which confirmed the formation of polycrystalline orthorhombic structure with space group Pbnm type perovskite. The preferred crystal growth of the main peak was (211). The structural parameters were also calculated and it was found that the lattice constants and particle size increased with the Ho doping ratio. The electrical properties were studied using the Hall effect,

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 23 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Structural and Electrical Properties of InSb Films Prepared By Flash Evaporation Technique
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 Indium antimony (InSb) alloy were prepared successfully. The InSb films were prepared by flash thermal evaporation technique on glass and Si p-type substrate at various substrate temperatures (Ts= 423,448,473, and 498 K).       The compounds concentrations for prepared alloy were examined by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The structure of prepared InSb alloy and films deposited at various Ts were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD).It was found that all prepared InSb alloy and films were polycrystalline with (111) preferential direction .       The electrical properties of the films are studied with the varying Ts. It is found that

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 26 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
On the Soft Stability of Soft Picard and Soft Mann Iteration Processes
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      In this paper, we  introduce new concepts that relates to soft space based on   work that was previously presented by researchers in this regard. First we give  the definition of Soft Contraction Operator and some examples. After that we introduce the concepts of soft Picard iteration and soft Mann iteration processes. We also give  some examples to illustrate them.

    Many concepts in normed spaces have been generalized in soft normed spaces. One of the important concepts is the concept of stability of soft iteration in soft normed spaces. We discuss this concept by giving some lemmas that  are  used to prove some theorems about stability of soft i

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
The Saudi Dental Journal
The effects of cigarette smoking and exercise on total salivary antioxidant activity
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Publication Date
Tue May 16 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Online And Biomedical Engineering (ijoe)
Comparative Study of Anemia Classification Algorithms for International and Newly CBC Datasets
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Data generated from modern applications and the internet in healthcare is extensive and rapidly expanding. Therefore, one of the significant success factors for any application is understanding and extracting meaningful information using digital analytics tools. These tools will positively impact the application's performance and handle the challenges that can be faced to create highly consistent, logical, and information-rich summaries. This paper contains three main objectives: First, it provides several analytics methodologies that help to analyze datasets and extract useful information from them as preprocessing steps in any classification model to determine the dataset characteristics. Also, this paper provides a comparative st

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Assessment of Body Mass Index and Nutritional Status in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
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Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease which affects nutritional status of the patients. The presence of poor nutritional status in pulmonary tuberculosis patients has been one of the most important determining factor in recommending adjuvant nutrient therapy to prevent oxidative stress and further complication.
Objective: This study was designed to assess the nutritional status and body mass index of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Patients and methods: During the period 1st of June 2010 to 30th of May 2011, a prospective study was done on 60 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 60 controls.
Levels of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB.), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high dens

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects of Iraqi sumac ( Rhus coriaria L)
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This study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Iraqi sumac seeds (Rhus coriaria. L) (Anacardiaceae). Total phenolic compounds and flavoniods were determined in three different sumac seed extracts (SSE) (aqueous,ethanolic and methanolic extract). For extraction Antioxidant activity of SSE were evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including total antioxidant capacity, reducing power,by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, Hydroxyl radical scavenging, and metal ion chelating activities. These various antioxidant activities were compared with ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant.The results showed that the three(SSE), contained large amounts of phenolic and flavonio

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 03 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Clinical types and possible etiologies of neonatal seizures: A hospital based study
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Background: Seizures in the neonatal period are common. They can present as focal clonic, focal tonic, myoclonic, generalized tonic and subtle seizures. They can be caused by a variety of
conditions, ranging from benign self-limited illnesses to severe life-threatening disorders.
Patients and methods: A prospective study included 75 neonates with seizures in the first 28 days of life were admitted to neonatal care unit in Children Welfare Teaching Hospital from January 15th 2009 to August 15th 2009. A Full history was obtained and patients were examined by a specialist in the neonatal care unit and the researcher. Laboratory investigations and neuroimaging studies were done for all patients.
Results: Out

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