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Renal Cell Carcinoma in Adolescents
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Malignant renal neoplasm: Because benign tumors of kidney are rare, so it is a good rule that all neoplasm of kidney which are recognized clinically should be treated as malignant. They are uncommon between the ages of 7&40(l).Rcna! cell carcinoma is the most common tumor of the kidney in adult. It arises from renal tubular cells.. It is rare in children &is more frequent in men than women. It is an adenocarcinoma &is the most common neoplasm(75%) of kidney. The tumor may invade loca!Iy& metastasize by way of blood stream &the lymphatics. Regional lymph nodes are involved in approximately 30% of patients, unfortunately sign &symptoms are usually meager until the disease is advanced. Gross haematuria is the most frequent presenting compliant. Diagnosis of mass in the kidney is best established by intravenous urogram(IVU). CT scan may confirm the diagnosis. Radical nephrectomy is treatment of choice &offers the only known chance of cure. The over all 5 years survival rate of patient is 35%.Angiomyolipoma (Hamartoma) is a benign tumor of the kidney that may rarely be confused with renal cell carcinoma. It occurs frequently in patient with tuberous sclerosis^. Wilms' tumor is the most common of malignant tumors of kidney in childhood. It is highly malignant mixed tumors consisting of connective tissue origin& epithelial structures ,it is usually discovered as palpable mass by mother or by examining physician. Treatment of primary tumor is radical nephrectomy. Adjunctive therapy with irradiation &chemotherapy is important in improving the survival. Transitional cell carcinoma is the most common tumor of renal pelvis & ureter. Squamous cell carcinoma may occur because of metaplastic changes. Clinical behavior of this tumor is dependant on degree of cellular differentiation &extent of invasion.( !|

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Bullying victimization among school- going adolescents in Iraq
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Background: Bullying victimization is a major public health problem. Interest in bullying in Arab world is a recent phenomenon. Publication on victimization in Iraq is scares. Therefore this study was conducted to report bullying among students of Iraqi schools.
Methods: A total of 302 students from Baghdad was selected by a cluster random sample to include in this study. An Arabic version of standardized questionnaire was obtained from the International (ISPCAN). Identification of bullying (bullies, victims and sexual victims) was done by using a cutoff for the scoring of bullying manifestation in the questionnaire depending on three repeated action at least to consider as bullies. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant fo

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 13 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Prognostic Value of some Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers and Metastasis-Related Markers in Human Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder
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Recent reports provided evidence that epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and some matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. This study investigated the expression pattern of some EMT markers (E-cadherin and Vimentin) and some MMPs (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Fifty five paraffin embedded biopsies were included in this study. Expression pattern of E-cadherin and Vimentin was evaluated by immunohistochemistry while cytoplasmic mRNA expression of both MMP-2 and MMP-9 were determined by in situ hybridization. The expression of all markers were significantly increased with the increase of patient's age (? 50 years), and furthermore an increase in men expression

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Correlation between the conventional, routine histological grading of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and morphometric analysis
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Background: Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is one of the important malignancies in both sex groups .It is considered as a heterogenous neoplasm with different
biological behavior, in which the majority are early non invasive with tendency for recurrence and some may progress to invasive tumor. An important clinicopathological features are ,the tumor stage and histological grade which are used as prognostic parameters of the tumor and play an important role in therapy. Due to the subjectivity of the histological grading , the reproducibility was low . Many studies showed the value of quantitative analysis of the tumor as an important method in determining the recurrence of the tumor and

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 22 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Test the Cytotoxicity of Pleurotin Extracted from an Edible Mushroom Pleurotus osteratus Against Three Human Carcinoma Cell Line
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The study included selection six species of the fungi related to Pleurotus genus were evaluated for their ability to production of Pleurotin, one of them, Pleurotus ostreatus (P.11) was isolated and identified in the present study. Pleurotin was extracted with screening by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and quantification High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Cytotoxicity of Pleurotin extracted from P. ostreatus (P.11) grown in different sugar sources (galactose, mannitol, sucrose, dextrose and lactose) liquid media was test against three selected cancer cell lines, CaSki, MCF-7 and A549 addition to Human Non Cancer Fibroblast Cell Line (MRC-5). Pleurotin of P. ostreatus (P.11) grown in galactose induced the significant highest

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 03 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Detection of Human Papilloma Viruses type 16 and type 18 in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder by in situ hybridization
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Background: Transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of the bladder are a major health problem. Recently, some studies link high risk Human papilloma viruses' type 16 and type 18 with bladder carcinoma.
Materials and methods: Fifty formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues with TCC of the bladder from Specialized Surgical Hospital in Baghdad were included in this study. In addition, ten
apparently normal bladder autopsies were collected from the Forensic Medicine Institute Archives and used as control group. Tissue blocks were sectioned and sticked on charged slides and used for the detection of HPV-16 and HPV-18.
Results: The expression of HPV-16 and HPV-18 DNA signals in TCC of the bladder tissues in the&nbs

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2016
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Obesity and its co morbidities in children and adolescents
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Background: Obesity has become one of the most important public heath problems all over the world.An epidemic of obesity is affecting children and adolescents across the developed and developing countries in recent years. As the prevalence of obesity increased, so did the prevalence of co morbidities like metabolic and endocrine diseases.Objectives: To overview obesity clinical features and the prevalence of associated co morbidities in children and adolescents attended the obesity researches and therapy center in Alkindy medical collage.Type of study: This is a cohort observational studyMethods : Obese child and adolescents aged 4-15year attended the obesity research and therapy unit in AL Kindy medical collage from the 1st of September

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 24 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Psychological effects of electronic games In children and adolescents
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The proliferation of electronic games, video games and computers has caused children and teenagers to become attracted to these games and become their favorite entertainment. The widespread of these games has generated widespread debate about positive aspects and negative aspects. It is evident that there are two main trends in the impact of electronic games on the behavior of children and adolescents. The first trend is that e-games have positive effects on children and adolescents, especially in cognitive abilities and skills in learning. While the second view sees that electronic games have negative effects that appear in social isolation and lack of movement and aggression. Through the review of previous literature, the current resea

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 13 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Adolescents' Quality of life in Hilla City
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Objective(s): The present study describes the quality of life (QOL) among adolescents with age of (12-22) year old and identifies factors that may be associated with it. Methodology: A cross-sectional design is carried throughout to evaluate adolescents' quality of life in Hilla City for the period of September 2nd 2016 to November 6th 2016. The present study is conducted in different settings that include schools and colleges in Hilla City. A non-probability "purposive" sample of (144) participant is selected and comprised of (50%) males and (50%) females. An instrument is constructed for the intent of the st

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 08 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Pregnant Adolescents in Baghdad City
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Objectives: The study aims to assess the nutritional status, identify nutrition-related health problems and
find out the relationships between nutritional status and demographic characteristics of the pregnant
adolescents in Baghdad City.
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out from April/20/2009 to June/30/2009 through a "Nonprobability"
purposive sample of (196) pregnant adolescents their age between (13–19) years who attend (14)
primary health care centers in Baghdad City seeking for antenatal care. The data were collected by the
investigator who interviewed the pregnant adolescents and filled out the constructed questionnaire formats
which designed for the purpose of the study. Internal consistency of

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
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Back ground: nasopharyngeal carcinoma is rare in Iraq and the treatment of this tumor is usually by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Objectives: this study was conducted to estimate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Iraqi patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Patients and methods: This study included sixty patients already diagnosed with nasopharyngeal tumors who attended the department of oncology in Baghdad teaching hospital during the period from January 2009 to December 2010,50 patients of them were treated by using combination chemotherapy in the form of Paclitaxel,5Flurouracil and cisplatinol for 4 courses prior to radiotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given due to advanced stage at p

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