The study was conducted to estimate the economic losses caused by insect mole cricket Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa on some agricultural crops and Potato tubers in collage of Agriculture- Abu Ghraib season 2012-2013. Study showed Mole cricket caused percentage of infestation in spring potato tubers variety Luciana reached to 11.61% and the percentage of loss in weight of tubers reached 18.88%. The study showed that addition of animal manure (organic fertilizer) to the soil when planting potatoes in the autumn increased the incidence of infestation and the number of tunnels caused by mole cricket which led to from increased economic losses. When matured potato tubers were left for a longer period in the soil percentage of infestation by mole cr

Two Siganid fishes were described in the current study, the first one is Siganus javus (Linnaeus, 1766) as a new record and the other Siganus canaliculatus (Park, 1797), which was collected from the Iraqi marine waters. The samples were collected during December 2018. Streaked rabbitfish S. javus is diagnosed by a deep body, 54.01% in standard length, depth  of caudal peduncle, 7.27%, total gill rakers 19 and silvery blue undulating lines on mid and lower sides of the body. Whereas the body depth of White-spotted rabbitfish S. canaliculatus was 39.08-42.66%, Caudal peduncle depth ranged from 5.21 to 5.66%, total gill rakers ranged from 22 to 24 and it  is distinguished by a numerous pearly bl

The aquatic Heptageniidae family of Ava-sheen branch (Greater Zab Tributary) in Duhok Governorate/ Iraq was studied. Samples were collected using Surber stream sampler to study their diagnostic morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic profile using a nuclear gene 16s ribosomal RNA. The morphological and molecular identification supported that the three species, Epeorus longimanus, Heptagenia elegantula and Ephemerella cornutus belong to Heptageniidae family, while the molecular results also confirmed the monophyletic origin of these three genera.

Background:
Generally, genetic disorders are a leading cause of spontaneous abortion, neonatal death, increased morbidity and mortality in children and adults as well. They a
significant health care and psychosocial burden for the patient, the family, the healthcare system and the community as a whole. Chromosomal abnormalities
occur much more frequently than is generally appreciated. It is estimated that approximately 1 of 200 newborn infants had some form of chromosomal
abnormality. The figure is much higher in fetuses that do not survive to term. It is estimated that in 50% of first trimester abortions, the fetus has a chromosomal
abnormality. 

Aim of the study:
This study aims to she

Spergularia iraqensis sp. nov. is described as a new species from Iraq. This species has been collected from Diyala Province in the central east of Iraq; it is closely related to Spergularia rubra (L.) J. Presl & C. Presl, 1819 and Spergularia bocconei (Scheele) Graebn., 1919.
The distinguishing of the morphological characteristics of the new species alongside the two similar species are discussed with photographs, and an identification key is given for Spergularia iraqensis and other closely related species.

    The current study presents the cellar spiders genus Nita Huber & El-Hennawy, 2007 (Araneae, Pholcidae) as the first record for Iraq spider fauna, this genus represented by the species Nita elsaff Huber & El-Hennawy, 2007 were identified based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data. A short morphological description is also presented for cellar spiders listed in Iraq; including this species in addition to Artema Atlanta Walckenaer, 1837.

Dueto their ability to providefood for people, sheep and goats areimportant to the economiesofmanynations.Toxoplasmagondii,orT.gondii,isaprotozoanparasite that often infects sheep. Stillbirth, early embryonic death and resorption, neonatal mortality, fetal death and mummification, and parasite infection are examples of possible negative effects. Theconsequences aremoreseverethe earlier in gestation the infection arises. The stage of pregnancy at which the infection occurs in thesheep and goats is connected with the severity of the illness. T.gondii may infect humansandcarnivorousanimalsvia the meatofinfectedsheepandgoats.Lessthan 4%ofsheep thatareconsistently infected withT.gondiicarrytheparasitevertically to their offspring. The majority o

       Remote sensing is a source of up-to-date information. The present study relied on various approaches for gathering information, including descriptive, quantitative and quantitative analytical processes. Particularly,  we conducted the analysis of the satellite data ETM + of the satellite Landsat7 and the digital models of Digital Elevation Model of SRTM using ArcGIS9.2. The model depends on primary mathematical equations and  constitutes an essential base for GIS applications that rely on data, computer, and software, performing the processes of data entry, analysis and processing. This paper deals with the geomorphological characteristics of a selected study area in Kirkuk province. The cha

The current study included the anatomical structure of the metatarsal bone in sheep in terms of the traditional structural description of the bone, as it was found that the metatarsal bone in the fore and hind limbs of adult sheep had no visible differences between it and animals, especially ruminants. The metacarpal \tarsal bone No. 3 was cylindrical in shape, with the presence of the metacarpal \tarsal bones 2 and 4 declines, articulated from the proximal end with the metacarpal and metatarsal bones whereas from the distal part with the fetlock joint and the first phalanx bone. The aim of the study is to determine whether the environment and its changes in Iraq have affected the animals and their bones in terms of length, thicknes

Three formations were studied from seven outcrops extend from Surdash to
Shaqlawa (Cenomanian – Santonian), they comprise Dokan, Gulneri and Kometan
Formations. Four microfacies and eight submicrfacies are identified depending on
this microfacies, we determine the depositional environments. Dokan Formation is
deposited in open-marine deep shelf environment; it could be deposited at deeper
shelf to slope and basinal settings. While Gulneri Formation deposited in open sea
shelf, as well as at outer shelf settings, the sediments consist of organic–carbon rich
black shale and consider a record of the ocean anoxic event 2, Kometan Formation
represent pelagic sediments characterize the deep-marine basins in open mar