Background: The level of parent education has an important role in making decision about their children oral hygiene.<br />Material and methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Baghdad city, the total sample include 569 preschool children (318 males and 251females) aged 5-years, they were randomly selected from different kindergartens. For measuring oral cleanliness gingival condition and dental stain, Plaque index by Silness and Lِe gingival index by Lِe and Silness and stain index by Leung were used respectively.<br />Results: Results showed that the mean plaque index was (0.68 ± 0.018) results reveal a high prevalence of gingival inflammation (77%)with mild type was found to be the predominant, as males had a significantly higher mean gingival value than females. A higher mean gingival value was recorded among children with low level of parent education. The prevalence of extrinsic dental stain was 48.33 %.As yellow stain was the most prevalent and higher in anterior segment than posterior segment. The mean plaque index was significantly low among children who have no stain. A higher percentage of different types of tooth stain were reported in children with low level of parent education.<br />Conclusion: Mild type gingival inflamation and yellow stain was most prevalent at this age group.The extrinsic tooth stain was found to be predominant in children with low level of parent's education.
Divine laws are policies that Allah runs his servants, people are different in the accord-ing to the difference of periods .Each period has its kind of conduct and furtune of kindness and their own interest . As every nation has a kind of conduct to be applicable to them even if it will be decay in the rights of the others . For this meaning it would be permitted to meet two prophets in the same period according to the difference of their interest.
The prophecy of Mohamad has been demonstrated and his message was famous according to his miracles and decisive signs. And people from other religions tried to deny his message . As the Christians tried to deny his message by making nobody believe his signs and miracles .
And as the Jews
The world of Muwaffaq Khidr Al-Qasasi has a clear and realistic orientation. This trend is in full harmony with his philosophy and vision of life and things. Through self-awareness is nothing but an expression of an imbalance in the interaction between self and reality, and it remains lacking in credibility.
Media has become a common platform for communication as a tool of offense. English language has many insult words which are commonly used in the world of media. This study investigates the socio-pragmatic aspect of insulting in English news. It aims at identifying and analysing insult words and expressions used by news presenters. To specify the problem of the study, language has a harmful power that hurts the addressees and seriously harm their psychological well-being. The insulting words that are an element of all human languages are the source of this abusive power. The study questions sought to find out are if news presenters use insult words, which insult words, and in what social contexts. In this study, the descriptive method is use
... Show MoreThe prophet was against the monopoly . He warned the monopolies with great punishment . inspite of the high price in his time, he did not price , so did the rightely guided caliphes and the ummayads . Umar b abid al-aziz had been asked to price but he refused and said ―the prophet said ― ― God grieves ,pleases and fixes price ―
The monopoly was declard announce in the third and the fourth centuries of A.H . because of the weakness of the Islamis State and it’s failure to find the real reasons of it’s existence. Besides that they used the guaranty system in collecting the money . The guaranted shared in monopoly the food-stuff and sold it in high price .Add to that the foreign control on the executive power ,not to be menti
The inhibitive effect of imidazol on the dissolution of Zn in (1M) HCl has been studied. The inhibion effect of imidazol ,protection efficiency and the corrosion rate of Zn in (1M) HCl were investigated at various concentrations (1x 10-3 – 5x10-3) M and tempearture range (285-328) K. The corrosion inhibitive of Zn by imidazol was studied using weight loss measurement and analytical titration of the amounts of dissolved zinc in acidic solution in presence and absent of imidazol. It was observed that imidazol led to protection efficiency reached to (88.93)% when (10)mM imidazol concentration was used. A linear relationship came true between (C/?) and (C); where (?) is the coverage of Zn surface by imidazol which could be obtained from
... Show MoreBackground: Determination of sex and estimation of stature from the skeleton is vital to medicolegal investigations. Skull is composed of hard tissue and is the best preserved part of skeleton after death, hence, in many cases it is the only available part for forensic examination. Lateral cephalogram is ideal for the skull examination as it gives details of various anatomical points in a single radiograph. This study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of digital cephalometric system as quick, easy and reproducible supplement tool in sex determination in Iraqi samples in different age range using certain linear and angular craniofacial measurements in predicting sex. Materials and Method The sample consisted of 113of true lateral cepha
... Show MoreThe problem of medical waste over the past tow decades has emerged as one of the most important issues.
Which have negative effects on health and the environment ,and as a result specialists looked into the field.
Public health and research issues . This phenomenon in all its dimensions and efforts made For their containment through the development of health and environmental controls for the disposal of such wastes.
In a safe manner starting form the source of these wastes and the various health organizations are finished The final treatment ,and this is why the producers of hazardous medical waste. &nb
... Show MoreEnterotoxin of Vibrio cholerae was extracted by cooling centrifuge at 6.000 rpm for 30 minntes. and filtrated by using milipore filter (0.22 ?m). The effect of crude enterotoxin on phagocytosis was studied by measuring the phagocytic index for 20 blood sample which were collected from healthy people and treated with enterotoxin in addition to control samples. From the results we found that phagocytic index of blood sample which were treated with enterotoxin was 42.9% while the phagocytic index of control blood samples was 64%. This means that there is a negative effect for the enterotoxin resulted from vibrio choleaa on the activity of phagocytic index.