Evaluation study was conducted for seismic interpretation using two-dimensional seismic data for Subba oil field, which is located in the southern Iraq. The Subba oil field was discovered in 1973 through the results of the seismic surveys and the digging of the first exploratory well SU-1 in 1975 to the south of the Subba oil field. The entire length of the field is 35 km and its width is about 10 km. The Subba oil field contains 15 wells most of them distributed in the central of the field.

     This study is dealing with the field data and how to process it for the purpose of interpretation; the processes included conversion of field data format, compensation of lost data and noise disposal, as well as the a

This study was conducted according to contract with the North Refineries Company-Baiji and deals with the hydrodesulphurization of vacuum gas oil of Kirkuk crude oil, boiling range 611-833 K. A trickle bed reactor packed with a commercial cobalt-molybdenum on alumina catalyst was used. The operating conditions were: temperature range 583-643 K, liquid hourly space velocity range 1.50-3.75 1/h, hydrogen to oil ratio about 250 l/l and pressure kept constant at 3.5MPa.
The results showed that the aromatic content decreased and sulfur removal increased with increasing temperature and decreasing space velocity. The properties (viscosity, density, flash point and carbon residue) of the products decrease with temperature increasing, but the

To verify the influence of magnetic flux on the characteristics of SAE 10W-30 gasoline engine oil when the engine oil is exposed to different magnetic fluxes 0, 6, 9, and 13 Volt. The following oil characteristics were measured: viscosity at 40 and 100 °C, and total acid number (TAN) mg KOH/g. The research was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications for each treatment under the 5% probability level to compare the means of the treatments. The results of the experiment showed that there were significant differences in the studied properties when the engine oil was exposed to the above magnetic fluxes and, inversely, especially the magnetic flux of 13 Volt, which led to a decrease in the viscosity of the oils at

One of the most important environmental issues is the responsible effective and economic treatment of drilling waste especially oily waste.
In this research two fungal isolates named Pleurotus ostreatus and Trichoderma harzianum were chosen for the first time to treat biologically the oily drilled cuttings contaminated with diesel which resulted from drilling oil wells use oil based muds (OBMs).
The results showed that the fungi under study utilized the hydrocarbon of contaminated soil as a source of nutrient and growth and that both fungi can be considered hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms. The used biotreatment is cost effective process since most of the materials used in the cultivation and growth of the present fungi were av

This work was conducted to study the extraction of eucalyptus oil from natural plants (Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves) using water distillation method by Clevenger apparatus. The effects of main operating parameters were studied: time to reach equilibrium, temperature (70 to100°C), solvent to solid ratio (4:1 to 8:1 (v/w)), agitation speed (0 to 900 rpm), and particle size (0.5 to 2.5 cm) of the fresh leaves, to find the best processing conditions for achieving maximum oil yield. The results showed that the agitation speed of 900 rpm, temperature 100° C, with solvent to solid ratio 5:1 (v/w) of particle size 0.5 cm for 160 minute give the highest percentage of oil (46.25 wt.%). The extracted oil was examined by HPLC.

Abstract

      Oil is the most important natural resources in Iraq and represents the goal to others as well as Iraqi people. It is gift from God to all Iraqi people now and future. So we must maintain it and invest its revenue that achieve development in country and ensure the next generations' rights in it without external costs or negative externalities from extracted and invested it.

    The most problems that we attempt to solve by this research are the exhausted, environmental degradation and theft from next generation that produced with oil contracts between Iraq and foreign companies. From here was th

This research includes the study of the harsh environment areas in which engineers and workers operate in drilling oil wells, and their own characteristics in terms of nature and the climate and other surrounding factors, that negatively large amount affect on all the staff, present in comparison with other lands, so the study showed the preparations administrative and methodology that must be taken to confront the problems that may arise or for the purpose of avoiding. One of these things should be addressed is the process of adaptation of the staff live in the remote desert land and under difficult living conditions. The study also demonstrated all kinds of diseases and ill health which afflict the staff due to climatic conditions that

Six main microfacies are identified which are Lime Mudstone, Bioclastic Wackeston, Bioclastic Packstone-Wackestone, Bioclastic Wackestone- Mudestone, Pelagic Mudstone–Wackestone, Bioclastic Packstone -Grainston Microfacies in addition to their associated depositional environment. The diagenesis process have affected the Mishrif rocks and played a role in deteriorating reservoir porosity in well Ga-2 and enhancing it in well Ga1,3.These processes include: cementation, micritization, recrystallization,dissolution,compaction pressure solution and dolomitization.

The petroleum system of Halfaya oil field shows that the hydrocarbon generation of these Formations such as Sha′uiba and Nahr Umr are immature and have generated few oil TR ≤ 50% which are neglected as compared to Formations below them which are very rich source rock. The Formations of Yamama, Ratawi and Sulaiy are mature with TR ≤ 100%. Other Formations such as Sargelu ,Najma,Zubair and Gotnia are with very high maturity with TR ≥ 100% and completely generated hydrocarbon and depleted after hydrocarbon are expelled and migrate to reservoir rock of structure traps and this study indicates that the major seals of Upper Jurassic are Gotnia and Allan Formations and of Middle Miocene is LowerFars fatha Formation.

Hydrocarbon displacement at the pore scale is mainly controlled by the wetness properties of the porous media. Consequently, several techniques including nanofluid flooding were implemented to manipulate the wetting behavior of the pore space in oil reservoirs. This study thus focuses on monitoring the displacement of oil from artificial glass porous media, as a representative for sandstone reservoirs, before and after nanofluid flooding. Experiments were conducted at various temperatures (25 – 50° C), nanoparticles concentrations (0.001 – 0.05 wt% SiO2 NPs), salinity (0.1 – 2 wt% NaCl), and flooding time. Images were taken via a high-resolution microscopic camera and analyzed to investigate the displacement of the oil at dif