Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess the practices of nurses towards standard precautions at Azady
Teaching Hospital in the City of Kirkuk.
Methodology: A descriptive study, which uses the assessment approach and it was conducted on nurses from January
18th, 2009 to September 30th, 2009, using non-probability sampling a purposive sample of (37) subject (male and
female nurses) who worked at surgical wards in Azady Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk city was selected. Two study
instruments were utilized for proper data collection [questionnaire and observational checklist]; a questionnaire was
developed for the purpose of the study. It was comprised of two parts which included the nurses' demographic
characteristics and Information related to the setting of the sample (surgical wards). A pilot study was carried out for
the period of January 18th, 2009, to February 2nd, 2009 to determine the observaƟonal checklist reliability through
the use of (Inter–rater). A panel of (19) experts was involved in the determinaƟon of the observaƟonal checklist
content validity. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive statistical data analysis approach
(frequency, percentage, mean of scores and standard deviation), and inferential data analysis approach (chi-square).
Results: The study findings revealed that the majority (91.9%) of the nurses did not get training sessions regarding
infecƟon control and (83.4%) of them had not parƟcipated conƟnuous learning about infecƟon control. According to
the level of practices towards standard precautions, it has revealed that poor practices of standard precautions by
surgical wards nurses had shown in surgical wards.
Recommendations: The study recommended that special education programs can be designed and presented to the
surgical ward nurses and to all the hospital staff in order to increase their awareness towards infection.
The concept of social graphic design is one of the most critical areas that highlight the designer's knowledge of social responsibility by employing design skills in community awareness. This study focused on defining social graphic design, the meaning, practices, and strategies for designing awareness posters. This study reviewed two examples of awareness posters that reflect the Saudi designer's practices. The results summarized that social graphic design is a concept not taught directly but gained from permanent practice in designing awareness posters that interact with community issues. The designer's understanding of his social events and their sensing in the visual form of a poster reflects the designer's social awareness. Social g
... Show MoreBackground: The influence of glucose metabolism is seen in many infectious diseases, making diabetic patients more vulnerable to sepsis and other serious sequelae of bacterial invasion such as UTI and vaginitis.Patients and method: sixty two patients (women) were suffering from GUTIs consulting Al-Elwya hospital from November- 2009 to March -2010. Two samples were taken from those patients (urine samples and vaginal swabs); these samples were cultured on Blood, Chocolate, and MacConkey's agar for isolation of bacteria.Results: The study group consists of sixty two women suffering from (GUTI), their ages range from 18-55 years. Thirty eight of them were diabetic women and twenty four of them were non- diabetic women. Twenty t
... Show MoreBackground: World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nation International Children Fund (UNICEF) developed a strategy known as Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI); which aims to reduce less than five years children morbidity and mortality in developing countries.
Objective: To assess the completion of the IMCI format status in primary health care centers, Baghdad.
Methods: A cross sectional study with analytic element was conducted during the period from 15th of January till 15th May 2016 in selected Primary health centers in Baghdad, Iraq. The sample consists of form of child files less than 2 months and form from 2
... Show MoreThe research aims to identify the level of educational supervisors' practices of their supervisory duties according to the requirements of comprehensive quality from the viewpoint of teachers in Oman. Moreover, identify the differences between the responses of the sample about these practices, which are attributed to gender, and years of experience. Thus, a questionnaire was administered to teachers, consisting of (48) items distributed on (5) main fields related to the educational supervisor's practices. The sample consisted of (220) teachers who were randomly chosen from the schools in Dhofar region. Data were analyzed using means, standard divisions, T-test, and One Way ANOVA. The research concluded that the level of educational super
... Show MoreThe Trump administration asserts that the actions of the United States are neither constrained by international organizations nor international controls, as they strive to seek a leadership position in a competitive manner, advance the reform of the United Nations in order to gain strength and support for US interests, and promote conservative social values. This negative policy is the result of the influence and mutual influence of long-term isolationism, the "American exception" and popular trends in the United States, as well as the result of the Trump administration's attempt to employ powerful means to revitalize the United States' strong position in the United Nations. However, the Trump administration’s policy toward the United
... Show MoreThis research aims to clarify the role of Information Technology Competency (ITC) with dimensions' (IT Usage, IT Knowledge, and IT Operations) as an independent variable in the activation of Human Resources Management Practices (HRM Practices) as a dependent variable with dimensions' (Training and Development, Recruitment, Job Design, and Performance appraisal). Based on this, the correlation and effect relationships between the independent and dependent variables are determined by formulating two main hypotheses. There are a significant relationship and effect of IT competency with HRM practices within the dimensions. Furthermore, the scope and population of this research are the Informatics and Communications P
... Show MoreResearch aims to know the impact beyond the defined in the collection. The research community is the second school students at Baghdad University and a research sample (63) students, the number of experimental group (27) students and a control group (30) students. The researcher was rewarded in variable lifetime for students and educational attainment and educational level of the parents and the educational level of mothers. The researcher has developed a test took the number of paragraphs (20). A test was true after it has been submitted to the Group of arbitrators. The test was consistent with test method used and the reliability coefficient (0, 88). Either the statistical methods used by the researcher are: Pearson correla
... Show MoreThis study examined the problem of identifying the vocabulary of the methodology of teaching Arabic language in the faculties of Media. The researcher noticed the existence of an overlap between the syllabuses of the general specialization of the Arabic language and its Media sections in the universities with the special professional vocabulary that suits the study of the media student. Thus ,this study is regarded as a real attempt to present a methodological model of media language that concerns with fillfuling students ‘linguistic and knowledgeable needs relying on measuring their benefits from the methodological Arabic curriculum . Key words:problem, teaching’ methodology of Arabic language, media language.
... Show MoreThere is no doubt that the oud is one of the most important folk musical instruments in Iraq. It has been known since the ages of ancient Iraq in its form, strings, and the way to play it through the clay number. On them, however, they have participated in showing the instrument the greatest potential and musical aesthetics, and the interested person may be wondering about ways to learn to play this instrument, so the training methods varied between personal interpretations on the one hand and systematic teaching in educational institutions on the other hand, especially that they have received the attention of educational institutions Miya, that which must adopt an appropriate and scientific strategy that accompanies global education pro
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