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The Effect of Nurses Psychological Empowerment on Organizational Climate in Primary Health Care Centers in Kirkuk Governorate
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Abstract

Objective(s): To evaluate the level of Psychological Empowerment among Nurses as perceived by their Point of View, and identify the differences in nurses' Psychological Empowerment with regard to age, gender, graduation level, and years of work employment. 

Methodology: A descriptive analytic design was conducted on nurses in Psycho-social health Units in Primary Health Care Centers in Kirkuk Governorate, to achieve the objectives of the study. A convenient (non-probability) sample of 84 nurses was selected. The data collected through self-report method for the period from 25th August to 10th October 2022. The questionnaire was adopted and modified for the purpose of current study; it composed of Socio-demographic variables, and the Psychological Empowerment Scale (PES). It consists of four dimensions (meaning; competence; self-determination; and impact). Content validity for instrument was determined through a panel of experts. The determination of reliability of the questionnaire is based on Cronbach alpha reliability; the correlation coefficient is (0.769). The data were analyzed and interpreted through use of the application of (SPSS), version 26.0. The descriptive data was determined through of: Frequency, percentage, mean of score and standard deviation. Inferential statistical data analysis approach: used by enforcement of the Independent t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), for determine the significant differences in psychological empowerment among nurses with regard to Socio-demographic variables.

Results: the results found that 66.7% of nurses associated with high level of psychological Empowerment, and there is significant difference in overall psychological empowerment with regard to age group in (50-59) years of nurses, however there is high significant difference in overall psychological empowerment with regard to their years of employment in (6-10) years.

Conclusions: The findings concluded that older nurses who have 6 to 10 years of work in psycho-social health units have higher psychological empowerment than others.

Recommendations: The study recommended retaining the nursing staff working in the psycho-social health units, in order to preserve the experience and desire to work in these units, in addition to conducting regular surveys on the staff to reveal the level of psychological empowerment, and giving the distinguished ones incentives and rewards.

Key words: Evaluation, Nurses, Psychological empowerment

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 04 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Nature And Science Of Medicine
The Impact of Health Literacy Upon Lung Cancer Screening Beliefs among Residents of Neighborhood Adjacent to Refinery Oil at Basra City
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Abstract<sec> <title>Background and Objectives:

The closeness of residential neighborhoods to oil refineries and petrochemical plants in these areas has heightened the community’s exposure to dangerous air pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of health literacy upon lung cancer screening beliefs among residents of neighborhood adjacent to a refinery oil.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study design using nonprobability convenience sampling was applied, employin

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
An Effect of Al on the Properties of ZnIn<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> Thin Film
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Abstract<p>Zinc-indium-selenide ZnIn<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> (ZIS) ternary chalcopyrite thin film on glass with a 500 nm thickness was fabricated by using the thermal evaporation system with a pressure of approximately 2.5×10<sup>−5</sup> mbar and a deposition rate of 12 Å/s. The effect of aluminum (Al) doping with 0.02 and 0.04 ratios on the structural and optical properties of film was examined. The utilization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to showcase the influence of aluminum doping on structural properties. XRD shows that thin ZIS-pure, Al-doped films at RT are polycrystalline with tetragonal structure and preferred (112) orientation. Where the </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Asian J Pharm Clin Re
EFFECT OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL MATRIX TABLET PREPARED BY DRY GRANULATION
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2016
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Clinical Research
EFFECT OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL MATRIX TABLET PREPARED BY DRY GRANULATION
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ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this study is to develop a controlled release matrix tablet of candesartan cilexetil to reduce the frequency of administration,enhance bioavailability and improve patient compliance; a once daily sustained release formulation of candesartan cilexetil is desirable.Methods: The prepared tablets from F1 to F24 were evaluated with different evaluation parameters like weight variation, drug content, friability,hardness, thickness and swelling ability. In vitro release for all formulas were studied depends on the type and amount of each polymer, i.e. (16 mg,32 mg and 48 mg) respectively beside to the combination effect of polymers on the release of the drug from the tablet.Results: In vitro release show

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 13 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The effect of methanol and water plant extracts of Cordia myxa on Some pathogenitic bacteria and Candida albicans
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this study aimed to study the effect of Cordia myxa extract on the growth and activities of the following types of bacteria : Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus Spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae , Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes , Bacillus subtilus, and the yeast Candida albicans .the results showed an inhibitory effect of the methanol extract on both the growth and activity of the tested microbes .this was reflected by the minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) of different type of bacteria and the yeast.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2009
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Effect of isovalent substitution and Quenching on the Transition Temperature of (Bi1-xPbx)2(Sr1-yBay)2Ca2Cu3O10+δ
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A high Tc superconductor with a nominal composition
(Bi1-xPbx)2(Sr1-yBay)2Ca2Cu3O10+δ for (0 £ x £ 0.5) and (0 £ y £ 0.5) was prepared by
a solid state reaction method. The effect of the substitution of Pb for Bi and Ba for Sr and
quenching temperature on the superconductivity has been investigated to obtain the
optimum conditions for the formation and stabilization of the high Tc phase (2223).
The results showed that the optimum sintering temperature for the pure composition is
equal to 875°C and the sintering time is equal to 240h with heating and cooling rate of
60°C/h . Our results indicated that a small amount of (Ba = 0.1) could raise the transition
temperature (Tc), but enhancing Ba to 0.4 has raised

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 1999
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
Effect of juvenile hormone analogue and precoene II on the growth and metamorphosis of house fly Musca domwstica
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Larval instar duration of the house fly Musca domesticais influenced by the application of GHA and precocine. Topical use of ug / ul of JHA KID 183 prolonge Juvenile period compared to the control. On the contrary, application of ug / ul of precocine decreased it. Application of both substances has no effect. The emergence inhibitors were also influenced by such treatments. It reached 52.39% by the use of JHA, (-14.28%) by the use of precocine.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering And Applied Sciences
Effect Of Aluminum On The Structural, Optical, Electrical And Photovoltaic Properties Of ZnSe/n-Si Heterojunction Solar Cell
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Aluminum doped zinc selenide ZnSe/n-Si thin films of (250∓20 nm) thickness with (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03), are depositing on the two type of substrate (glass and n-Si) to manufacture (ZnSe/n-Si) solar cell through using thermal vacuum evaporation procedure. physical and optoelectronic properties were examined for the samples. X-Ray and AFM techniques are using to study the structure properties. The energy band gap of as-deposited ZnSe thin films for changed dopant ratio were ranging from (2.6-2.68 eV). The results of Hall effect show that pure and doping films were (p-type), and the concentration carriers and the carriers mobility increases with increase Al-dopant ratio. The (C-V) have shown that the heterojunction were of abrupt type. In add

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Natural Sciences
Effect of Gamma Radiation on the A.C Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Prepared Pure and Doped Polyaniline Salt
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Purepolyaniline and doped with hydrochloric acid was prepared in different molarities at room temperature. The a.c electrical properties were stadied.AC conductivityσac (ω), is found to vary as ωS in the frequency range (100Hz-10MH), S< 1and decreases indicating a dominate hopping process. Thedielectric constant ε1and dielectric loss ε2 have been determined for bulk polyaniline. ε1 decrease with the increase frequency. Electrical conductivity measurements increase with the increases both of the amount of HCl and the dose of radiation. The dielectric investigations show decrease with dose radiation.

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 07 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology
Assessment the Effect of Lactobacillus Acidophilus on Escherichia Coli Serotype O157:H7 with Detection of Some Virulence Factors
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Aim: To evaluation the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O157:H7 with detection of some virulence factors. Methods: Two hundred and fifty specimens (stool) from children under five years for both sexes were collected from some hospitals. All isolates were diagnosed according to morphological characteristics, biochemical tests. Monoplex pattern of PCR was used also for detection different genes in (7) Escherichia coli )O157:H7 (isolates; include 16SrRNA, eae, lifA, Stx1,Stx2 that encoded for ribosomal RNA, intimin, lymphocyte inhibitory factor, shiga toxins. Three types of probiotics strains were obtained, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus (A

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