objective : To assess for Psychological Problems. The study was carried out from 1st of December 2004 to 15th
March, 2005.
Mythology : A descriptive comparative study was conducted for elder in the geriatric home and the community;
A questionnaire was constructed to achieve the purposes of the study; it includes two parts dealing with the
elder demographic characteristics and psychological problems.
A purposive (no probability) sampling of (100) elderly include (50) elderly from the Geriatric Home and (50)
elderly from the community.
Data were collected and analyzed through a descriptive statistical approach (frequency, percentage, mean and
mean of scores, Standard deviation, Relative Sufficiency).
Result : the study concluded that Most of institutionalized geriatric people suffer from psychological problems
(Cognitive disorders( Sever Amnesia (RS(73.33%)), Mental confusion (RS(71.33%));Anxiety (RS(88%));
Depression (Sever sadness (RS(84.67%)); Anger(RS(94.67%)) ; and Low self-esteem (Feeling of in confidence
about future (RS(75.33%)) more than those who live in noninstitutionalized. The study recommended that
families who were caring for elderly person should receive financial support from government and establishing
geriatric centers for dealing with special medical, and psychological problems...
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Developing smart city planning requires integrating various techniques, including geospatial techniques, building information models (BIM), information and communication technology (ICT), and artificial intelligence, for instance, three-dimensional (3D) building models, in enabling smart city applications. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the role and significance of geospatial techniques in smart city planning and implementation. The literature review encompasses (74) studies from diverse databases, examining relevant solutions and prototypes related to smart city planning. The focus highlights the requirements and preparation of geospatial techniques to support the transition to a smart city. The paper explores various aspects,
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