One hundred and seventy-six cases of suspected meningitis (SMN) were included in a cross-sectional study. Their ages ranged from less than 1 year to 80 years, of whom 44.3% were male. The aim was to assess bacterial meningitis (BMN) in terms of incidence and types of causative bacteria. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were collected and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was conducted with universal primers designed to amplify a DNA fragment (996 bp) of the 16S rRNA gene of eubacteria. Resolving PCR products in agarose-gel electrophoresis revealed that 37.5% of CSF specimens were PCR positive, while 62.5% of CSF specimens showed no band and were considered PCR-negative. Eighty percent of the latter specimens were not

Nanofluids (dispersion of nanoparticles in a base fluid) have been suggested as promising agents in subsurface industries including enhanced oil recovery. Nanoparticles can easily pass through small pore throats in reservoirs formations; however, physicochemical interactions between nanoparticles and between nanoparticles and rocks can cause a significant retention of nanoparticles. This study investigated the transport, attach, and retention of silica nanoparticles in core plugs. The hydrophilic silica nanoparticles were injected into limestone core as nanofluid of different nanoparticles size (5 nm, and 20 nm), concentration (0.005 – 0.1 wt% SiO2), and base fluid salinity (0 – 3 wt% NaCl) at different temperatures (23, and 50 °C). D

The aim of the study was the examination of the effect of birth control pills (Yasmin) on women who utilized the pills by measuring the percentage of apoptosis. The investigation was based mainly on the calculation of the apoptosis percentage of blood lymphocytes in women who used the pills for different durations. The results of the presented study was obtained from 25 women handling birth control pills and 15 women who had not used pills. According to the period of contraceptive pills treatment, the samples were classified into two categories: (2-5) years and (6-8) years. Results showed that the percentage of apoptosis in pills handling women (2-5) years were (7.08%) while the results were (12.2%) in women who used birth control pills

In this paper, the fundamental harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser (Q-switched 1064nm wavelength, 1 Hz repetition rate and 9 ns pulse duration) has been used for the ablation of cadmium samples in air at atmospheric pressure and the generation of the cadmium plasma. The experimentally observed lines of cadmium plasma emission have been used to calculate the plasma parameters such as (electron temperature (TReR), electron density (nReR), Debye length (λRDR) and plasma frequency (ωRpR)). Line pair ratio of neutral species have been used for the electron temperature and electron density measurements. Plasma parameters were studied as a functions of laser pulse energy.

Impact of buildings in Iraq and other countries on the environment is obvious; this problem began to take scientific and humanitarian dimensions in order to reduce and eliminate this problem. This impact can be seen through the energy, water and raw materials consumed for the establishment, operation and maintenance of these buildings, as well as the emissions of hazardous gases and generations of solid wastes.

This work was conducted to assess the current maintenance managerial practice for the governmental buildings to stand on the main obstacle and extrapolation of measures by means of interviews with experts to determine the effective factors and closed questionnaire to state the features and the need for new

Climate change causes water shortage (water scarcity) in addition to the dams built by neighboring countries, which caused a lack of Iraq's water share. Therefore, evaluating the irrigation system requires considering its suitability, adequacy, and efficiency. Irrigation is considered adequate when it maintains water availability within the root zone, and if the amount to be added is determined, irrigation efficiency becomes possible by avoiding water loss. Babil Governorate is considered one of the agricultural governorates in the country that depends on its irrigation from Shatt Al-Hilla. The study area is the Elaj project. Three fields were selected for the project (B₁, B_2, and B₃). These fields are lo

            A simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of thiaminehydrochloride has been developed. The method is based on the formation of the Schiff’s base between the primary amino group present in thiamine hydrochloride and aldehyde group present in the vanillin reagent to produce a yellow colored complex having maximum absorption at 390 nm. Beer^’s law has obeaid over the concentration range of 2-28µg/mL, with molar absorptivity of 0.96x10⁴L/mol.cm. The average recovery which is a measure of accuracy is 100±1.3% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is less than1.5 .The present method is considered to be

Formation of emulsions during oil production is a costly problem, and decreased water content in emulsions leads to increases productivity and reduces the potential for pipeline corrosion and equipment used. The chemical demulsification process of crude oil emulsions is one of the methods used for reducing water content. The demulsifier presence causes the film layer between water droplets and the crude oil emulsion that to become unstable, leading to the accelerated of water coalescence. This research was performed to study the performance of a chemical demulsifier Chimec2439 (commercial) a blend of non-ionic oil-soluble surfactants. The crude oils used in these experiments were Basrah and Kirkuk Iraqi crude oil. These