The effect of the optical feedback on the polarization flipping point and hysteresis loop was studied. The polarization flipping occurred at all angles between the polarizer axis and the laser polarization. The polarization flipping point changed by an optical feedback occurred at angles from 0° to 90°. Ability of choosing or controlling the laser polarization was determined by changing the direction of vertical and horizontal polarization by polarizer rotation in the external cavity from 0° to 90°.

This research is concerned to investigate the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) deep beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. The experimental part of this research is carried out by testing seven RC deep beams having the same dimensions and steel reinforcement which have been divided into two groups according to the strengthening schemes. Group one was consisted of three deep beams strengthened with vertical U-wrapped CFRP strips. While, Group two was consisted of three deep beams strengthened with inclined CFRP strips oriented by 45^o with the longitudinal axis of the beam. The remaining beam is kept unstrengthening as a reference beam. For each group, the variable considered

This article addresses a new numerical method to find a numerical solution of the linear delay differential equation of fractional order , the fractional derivatives described in the Caputo sense. The new approach is to approximating second and third derivatives. A backward finite difference method is used. Besides, the composite Trapezoidal rule is used in the Caputo definition to match the integral term. The accuracy and convergence of the prescribed technique are explained. The results  are shown through numerical examples.

A spectrophotometric determination of azithromycin was optimized using the simplex model. The approach has been proven to be accurate and sensitive. The analyte has been reacted with bromothymol blue (BTB) to form a colored ion pair which has been extracted in chloroform in a buffer medium of pH=4 of potassium phthalate. The extracted colored product was assayed at 415 nm and exhibited a linear quantification range over (1 - 20) g/ml. The excipients did not exhibit any interferences with the proposed approach for assaying azithromycin in pharmaceutical formulations.

The effect of substitution of Ni on Cu in (Bi0.8Pb0.2)2(Sr0.9Ba0.1)2 Ca2Cu3-x Nix O10+? for (x=0,0.1….1,2,3) superconductor system and sintering time has been investigated .The samples were prepared by solid-state reaction methods. The results show that the optimum sintering temperature is equal to 850 ºC, and the sintering time is equal to 140 h. The highest transition temperature (Tc) obtained for (Bi0.8Pb0.2)2(Sr0.9Ba0.1)2 Ca2Cu3-x NixO10+? composition was 113 with x=0.8 Phase analyses of the samples by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed an orthorhombic structure with a high Tc phases (2223) as a dominant phase and low Tc phase (2212) in addition to some impurity phases.

Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) is a popular method for estimation the number of sources impinging on an array of sensors, which is a problem of great interest in several applications. The performance of AIC degrades under low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). This paper is concerned with the development and application of quadrature mirror filters (QMF) for improving the performance of AIC. A new system is proposed to estimate the number of sources by applying AIC to the outputs of filter bank consisting quadrature mirror filters (QMF). The proposed system can estimate the number of sources under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

The current research dealt with contrastive structures and the culture of reception in the design of interior spaces as embodying a rhetorical aspect that reveals formal values related to the meanings of beauty through the mechanisms of symbolism and interpretation that drives mental behavior and is in harmony with intellectual data and its performance function.
Hence, the research in the first chapter dealt with the research problem, the need for it, and the extent of the necessity that calls for studying contrastive structures in interior design and architecture, and touching and searching for what is the paradox and its representations for the recipient, in which the interior designer plays an active role in presenting the best cre

Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDS) are a new kind of carbon nanoparticles that have appeared recently and have collected much interest as potential competitors to conventional semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). In addition to their comparable fluorescent properties, CQDs have the desired specifications of environmental friendliness, low toxicity, simple synthetic routes, low cost and surface passivation The functionalization of CQDS allow the control of their physicochemical properties. The main aim of this kind of researches is to account the variables that cannot be measured directly from practical experiments. Therefore, the work here is focused on the account energy gap of bulk (Eg bulk) by theoretically method (simulation) after

 In order to study the kinetic of human erythrocytes catalase a well –known enzyme uses H2O2 as substrate as well as hydrogen acceptors, in non smokers and smoker individuals. Anthranilic acid and p-Amino Benzoic Acid (PABA) were used to study their effect on the enzyme. The kinetic study confirmed that anthranilic is a non-competitive inhibitor with Km values of 0.95 and 1.0 for non smokers and smokers respectively (PABA) was found to be a competitive  inhibitor with Vmax  values of 8.0 and 8.9 for nonsmoker and smoker respectively