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Impact of Socio-economic Status on Age at Menarche among Secondary School Students at AL-Dora Region in Baghdad Governorate
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Objective: To assess the Impact of Socio-economic status on age at menarche among secondary school students at
AL-Dora city in Baghdad, Iraq.
Methodology: This is a cross sectional study with multi-stage sampling was carried out during the period from the
3
th of December2013 to 12th of March 2014. The Sample comprised of 1760 girls, 1510 girls from urban area and
250 from rural area was included in the study. In first stage, selection of schools was done, and one class was
selected randomly from each level of Education, The data collection through a special questionnaire which Contain
the age of girl by year, class level, birth order, number of household, number of rooms, residency (urban/rural),
education level of parents, occupation of parents.
Results: The study showed that the mean age at menarche for adolescent secondary school girls in Al-Dora
was12.49±0.99 years, and the mean age at menarche of girls living in the urban area were 12.4±1.0 while 12.9±1.1
year for girls living in the rural area, which give a significant association, so the girls from urban area had earlier
menarche age than rural area, and earlier age at menarche of those girls who had fewer number of siblings than
those who had more siblings, Also the study discovered an earlier age at menarche in those girls whose Parents’
had a high educational level, occupation of mothers, While there was no association between occupation of father
and age at menarche.
Recommendation: According to the findings of the present study we recommended to further elaborated study is
required to estimate the age of menarche of Iraqi girls, because menarche age can vary by location, it may not be
possible to generalize these results to other communities in the Iraq government

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Forms of post-modernism in performance of Iraqi theatre "dream of Baghdad exam": عمار عبد سلمان محمد
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  The effects of postmodernism on theatrical form was managed by the director (Anas Abdul Samad) to be employed in the Iraqi play (Dream in Baghdad) and the researcher sought to study this problem and divided it into four chapters dealt with in the first chapter the problem of research and its need, the importance of research, As well as the definition of terminology, either Chapter II theoretical framework divided by the researcher to the first two is the postmodernism in the theater is the most prominent reference references and the second most important postmodern applications in the world play and then the researcher concluded the second chapter of the most important indicators. In the third chapter, the researcher identified th

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Seasonal variation and correlation between the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of Nile water in selected area in Egypt (Case study): physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of Nile water
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Fresh water resources in terms of water quality is a crucial issue worldwide. In Egypt, the Nile River is the main source of fresh water in the country and monitoring its water quality is a major task on governments and research levels. In the present case study, the physical, chemical and algal distribution in Nile River was monitored over two seasons (winter and summer) in 2019. The aims of the study were to check the seasonal variation among the different water parameters and also to check the correlations between those parameters. Water samples were collected from the Nile in Cairo governorate in EGYPT. The different physiochemical and microbiological properties in water samples were assessed. The studied parameters were included: te

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
THE SUSTANABLE MARKETING IMMUNITY OF TOURIST OF BUSINESS IN LIGHT OF THE PANDEMIC-CORONA (COVID-19) AN APPLIED RESEARCH IN TRAVEL AND TOURISM COMPANIES IN BAGHDAD: THE SUSTANABLE MARKETING IMMUNITY OF TOURIST OF BUSINESS IN LIGHT OF THE PANDEMIC-CORONA (COVID-19) AN APPLIED RESEARCH IN TRAVEL AND TOURISM COMPANIES IN BAGHDAD
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The research aims to how to deal with certain situation to ensure the continuous competitive excellence of business market under the situation of covid-19, especially how to deal with major challenges, identifying the capabilities of tourism industry, investigating the ability of tourism agencies to resist the dynamic change of both internal as well as external environment to ensure their sustainability.

The important here as the paper notice, is how to be efficient and trying to find solutions in order to grow and survive through choosing certain strategies that aligned the critical issues.

Thus to achieve this level, many scenarios planed that could adopt in case of such pande

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of English Linguistics
Iraqi EFL Students’ Difficulties in Writing Composition: An Experimental Study (University of Baghdad)
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Iraqi EFL students face difficulties in writing composition, especially academic writing, which affects negatively their exam results. This study has been conducted in the Department of English at College of Education for Women, University of Baghdad, in order to identify first year EFL students’ incompetence in writing. This may enhance their achievement by some weekly writing activities. It deals with Iraqi EFL students’ difficulties in writing paragraphs such as descriptive, process, opinion, and factual paragraphs. The study aims to identify these difficulties and to suggest suitable solutions for them. The researcher perceives that it is necessary to enhance students’ skills in writing because it i

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 06 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Role of School Administration on Academic Achievement in Khartoum International Institute for Arabic language: A Practical Study
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School administration has an effective role in stimulating academic achievement, as it is the ideal regulation and activation of material and human power to achieve the goals of the educational process. This role has axes in the form of interests, aids, and specific procedures exercised by the school administration in improving the educational process, and assisting researchers in achieving the highest levels of academic achievement. This activation is achieved through stages of planning, organizing, coordinating, and evaluating.

To achieve the aims of this research, the researcher pursued the descriptive analytical approach, which is considered one of the most appropriate approaches to the nature of this type of research. The qu

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Remorse And Its Relationship With Conscientiousness Among University Students
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Situational regret and its relation to the vitality of conscience among university students The research seeks to identify situational regret and its relation to the vitality of conscience among university students, identify the significant differences in regard with students’ gender, and identify if there is a correlation between situational regret and the vitality of conscience. To do this, two scales were adopted; one to measure situational regret consisted of (31) items, which was designed by (Al-badrani, 2006), besides, costa and macrys’ (1992) scale that translated in Arabic language by (Al-qaisy, 2013). It composed of (35) items. Total of (120) male and female students were collected from three-different colleges (science, art

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 03 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Egocentrism & its Relationship with Academic Adaptation among University students
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The research aimed to identifying :

  1. Egocentrism of the university students .
  2. Academic adaptation of the university student.
  3. Differences in Egocentrism according to the both variable ( Gender and Specialization ) of the university student.
  4. Differences in academic adaptation according to the both variable ( Gender and Specialization ) of the university student .
  5. The Contribution of academic adaptation to Egocentrism of the university student .

The sample of the research consisted of ( 400 ) students.      
Tow instruments have been us

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 04 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effects of Non-Thermal Argon Plasma Produced at Atmospheric Pressure on the Optical Properties of CdO Thin Films
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In this paper the effect of nonthermal atmospheric argon plasma on the optical properties of the cadmium oxide CdO thin films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis was studied. The prepared films were exposed to different time intervals (0, 5, 10, 15, 20) min. For every sample, the transmittance, Absorbance, absorption coefficient, energy gap, extinction coefficient and dielectric constant were studied. It is found that the transmittance and the energy gap increased with exposure time, and absorption. Absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, dielectric constant decreased with time of exposure to the argon plasma

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 02 2006
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
اثر المعرفة المسبقة بالأهداف السلوكية في تحصيل طالبات قسم القران الكريم والتربية الإسلامية في مادة احكام التلاوة
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مشكلة البحث

إن طرائق تدريس المواد الشرعية ما تزال تُدّرس بطرائق لا تتناسب مع ما توصل إليه البحث العلمي في الميدان التربوي في الوقت الحاضر ، وهذا مما سبب في وجود أزمة فكرية وعلمية في الأقسام التي تدرس المناهج الدينية .

على الرغم من الأهمية الكبيرة لمادة التلاوة ، إلا أن هناك مشكلة كثيرا ما يعاني منها مدرسو هذه المادة، وهي انصراف الطلبة عن حفظ النصوص القرآن

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
اثر استراتيجية لوحة الاختيار (Think-tac-toe ) في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة علم الاحياء
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The research aims to know the impact of using the strategy (think-tac-toe) in the achievement of Biology subject for female students of fourth grade scientific branch. The research sample consisted of 70female students the of fourth Grade scientific Branch . The students were divide randomly, equally to two groups, experimental and control group. the two groups are equaled in the variable ( intelligence, age, previous information, former achievement of biology subject ) and the strategy applied over the entire semester. built an achievement test and it has been the expense of validity, and the reliability and The psychometric properties, and the data were analyzed statistically by recourse to Statistical package SPSS, the results showed

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