Breast cancer constitutes about one fourth of the registered cancer cases among the Iraqi population (1)
and it is the leading cause of death among Iraqi women (2)
. Each year more women are exposed to the vicious
ramifications of this disease which include death if left unmanaged or the negative sequels that they would
experience, cosmetically and psychologically, after exposure to radical mastectomy.
The World Health Organization (WHO) documented that early detection and screening, when coped
with adequate therapy, could offer a reduction in breast cancer mortality; displaying that the low survival rates
in less developed countries, including Iraq, is mainly attributed to the lack of early detection programs coupled
with inadequate diagnostic and treatment facilities (3)
. Although mammography machines, as main screening
tools for breast cancer, are available in the major hospitals in each province in Iraq, yet those are mainly used
for diagnostic purposes in patients who present with palpable breast lumps. Obviously, due to cost effective
measures, lack of resources and the economical challenges that Iraq is facing, it is not expected that the
authorities could provide mammography devices across every health care centre in the country to be used for
screening of all Iraqi women.
Accordingly, promoting other feasible tools could support in solving that dilemma. Clinical Breast
Examination (CBE) for women, by highly trained health care providers in Primary Health Care Centers, along
with diagnostic mammography in the major hospitals for referred cases, could offer cost effective approaches
for early detection of breast cancer in Iraq. The resources required to provide these services are within the
reach of all countries with limited resources
(4)
.
The issue of raising awareness on breast cancer and its early detection measures needs to be addressed.
Observations reported in Iraqi studies obviously reflect the the limited knowledge of the general population
about the disease, its preventive measures and their ignorance regarding the significance of CBE and early
medical consultation (5, 6)
. Public health awareness campaigns should be endorsed by policy makers to encourage every Iraqi women to look for abnormal signs and symptoms in their breasts and to seek medical
advice promptly.
The international humanitarian law found the special rules to protect women meanwhile the armed conflicts whether international or non-international. These rules are adopted for woman because of two reasons : that she is from civilians and on the other hand that her special constitution demands a special protection. The international community's attention of women is increased as a result of the tragic situation that faced women around the world especially in the Middle East and particularly in Iraq during the American-British war and ISIS period, these two periods sort many negative effects that reach women such as captivity, slavery, sexual enslavement and rape women especially Yazidis and Christians....
International trade in services is becoming increasingly important as it is an economic activity that deals with invisible trade, which has become increasingly important in the balance of international trade. The establishment of the WTO is a starting point in international trade relations. It is responsible for all aspects of international trade, , And in view of the continued increase in international trade in services, the need for more internationally recognized rules has become more urgent, especially as it has been increasingly proven that the traditional framework of public services is inadequate to operate some of the most dynamic and innovative sectors of the economy. (GATS) to be the regulatory framework for this sector
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عملية صناعة واتخاذ القرار في السياسة الخارجية للرئيس جورج والكر بوش
Abstract:
The hotel sector is one of the most vital sectors exposed to risks, and the authorities concerned with control must take their active and influential role in putting the hotel sector on the right track and compatible with the internationally approved approaches, and the importance of auditing the performance of the hotel sector in light of the (Covid-19) pandemic is embodied in the fact that it gives a clear and realistic picture to the management and regulatory bodies about the performance and activities of this sector and the shortcomings and deviations that must be addressed, and also helps government decision makers to ob
... Show MoreThis paper discusses an important part of the doctrine documented by AL Imam Ali (God peace him) to the prince of Egypt “Malik al Ashter” Which charactrised by universality Where it comprised all of what the administ-rative facilities need of the responsibilities to handle the society issues and problems to have a fair society .
The Negro minority in the United States is associated with social injustice,
political deprivation, and economic oppresion. Its members felt that they are
second-class citizens, and that the acceptance of such status will lead to the
continual oppresion of the Whites upon them. As a result, the educated community
adopted a process to put a framework to their opposition to the former's injustice.
This organised framework is exemplified in the "Niagara Movement," which is
regarded as the first national organisation for Negros. The topic of this study is
chosen due to its historical and political significance.
The study consists of an introduction and five sections. The first section
addresses the preliminaries an
تزايد اهتمام الحكومات باختلاف أنظمة الحكم فيها والأفكار السياسية التي تؤمن بها، بالضرائب كأحد أدوات السياسة المالية، تسعى إلى أن تحقق من خلالها أهداف اقتصادية واجتماعية وسياسية فضلا" عن الأهداف المالية، إذ إن السياسة الضريبية تصاغ أهدافها باتساق وانسجام مع أهداف السياسة الاقتصادية بشكل عام، و إنما كانت الضريبة عام، ولما كانت الضريبة على هذا القدر من الأهمية فانه لم يكن مستبعدا" أن تحظى بعناية مشرعي ا
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Barium–doped TiO2 / n-Si photodetector was fabricated by spray pyrolysis exhibited visible enhancement responsivity profile with peak response at 600 nm flat response between 650 and 900 nm. The quantum efficiency was 30% and specific detectivity was 5x1012 W-1Hz1/2cm at peak response. The GaAlAs laser diode was used to estimate the rise time of the detector.
Marketing information system (KMIS) is an essential factor of developing business’ performance and getting sustainable success. The main goal of the research is to measure effect of MIS on customer orientation and product innovation. Also, another goal is to analyze the mediation role of product innovation in relationship MIS and customer orientation. This study sought to analyze the marketing information system and measure its effect on the customer orientation and product innovation. The data of the study were collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed using statistical tools and SPSS programming. The results of the study showed that the KMIS can positively and significantly effect product innovation. Also, t
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The problem of the present study lies in the challenges that college education especially that concerns the quality of college teachers performance and developing the level of educational process quality.
This study aimed at constructing a vision the researchers have constructed depending on the standards of performance quality represented by Deming's quality course. The researchers presented a number of skills that should be existed in the performance of college teacher through using the analytic and constructing approach in imagining this drawing to develop performance.
The study results represented by a number of efficiencies that college teachers shoul
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