Objectives: Assessment outcome of DOTS (Directly observed therapy short course) program in Al-Sader City
Sector that was established by the WHO.
Methodology: Three cohorts groups of patients attending Baghdad TB institute and TB center in Al-Sader city
were followed retrospectively. The 1st cohort included (314) patients registered in year (2003), the 2nd cohort
included (327) patients registered in year (2004), the 3rd cohort included (321) patients registered in year
(2005). The collected data were analyzed for case detection, treatment outcomes, retreatment outcomes,
treatment success, and retreatment success in regard to time, age and sex.
Results: The following rates were extracted for the three cohort: Case detection rate within 1st, 2nd, and 3rd
cohort were (73.36%, 64.24%, and 71.49% respectively).Treatment outcomes (cured, completed treatment,
defaulters, treatment failure, died and transfer out) of new smear positive patients within the 1st, 2nd and 3rd
were (71.7%, 12.7%, 10.2%, 3.5%, 1%, 1%), (64.8%, 19.9%, 0.9%, 7%, 0.6%, 6.7%) and (61.4%, 24%, 3.1%, 5.9%,
0.6%, 5% respectively).Retreatment outcomes (cured, completed treatment, defaulters, treatment failure, died
and transfer out) within 1st, 2nd and 3rd cohort were (55.6%, 7.9%, 6.6%, 15.2%, 4%, 10.6%), (44.9%, 7.7%,
2.6%, 21.8%, 4.5%, 18.6%) and (41.8%, 14.6%, 11.4%, 19.6%, 1.9%, 10.8% respectively. Treatment success rate
within the 1st, 2nd and 3rd cohort were (84.39%, 84.7%, and 85.35%) respectively. Retreatment success rate
within the 1st, 2nd and 3rd cohort was (63.57%, 52.56%, and 56.32%) respectively.
Recommendation :Increase case detection rate through increase health awareness to the community about
the mode of transmission and risk of TB disease, Increase the training of health team so that they can follow up
of patients at home, Increase follows up of defaulters to be able to deal with them and a study for relapses
cases is recommended
Abstract: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infection in humans and a major cause of morbidity and they are the most common cause of hospital visits worldwide. Proper knowledge in identifying factors associated with urinary tract infection may allow the intervention to easily control of the disease in a timely manner. Therefore, the purpose of the study is determining the prevalence of UTI, diagnosis of causative bacterial agents and identifying the factors associated to the urinary tract infection among patients attending Medical City Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq. A total of 237, morning mid-stream urine samples were collected aseptically and the samples were diagnosed according to the standard methods. I
... Show MoreBACKGROUND: Clavicle fractures are common injuries in young active individuals, the mid third of the clavicle is most commonly fractured part(80% of clavicle fracture) OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of operative and non operative management of displaced and or comminuted closed fracture of the mid third of clavicle in young adults PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective observational study of 24 patients of fracture of the mid third of the clavicle was conducted in Alkindy teaching hospital from July 2015 to January 2017 and divided into two groups; one managed by operative treatment with plate and screws and the other by non operative sling immobilization after taking the consent and the patients were seen at 2, 4, 6 weeks,3, 6, and 9 m
... Show MoreSurface water flow samples were collected with distances downstream over Saqlawiya main drain whose stretch of about 24.5 km. The drain travels through different land use pattern, before, flowing into Tigris River. Eight sampling points were carefully
selected downstream the channel during dry season. The examined water parameters were pH, NH3, NO3, PO= 4, BOD5, COD, TDS, S.S, Cl-, SO= 4, Na+ , Ca+2, Mg+2, and Oil and Grease. Descriptive and inferential methods through finding the best curve fit correlation were employed in the study to test the strength of the association between water chemical characteristics and distance downstream the channel. A comparison of the values of chemical parameters at the Al-Saqlawiya Drain-Tigris Riv
This paper aims to evaluate large-scale water treatment plants’ performance and demonstrate that it can produce high-level effluent water. Raw water and treated water parameters of a large monitoring databank from 2016 to 2019, from eight water treatment plants located at different parts in Baghdad city, were analyzed using nonparametric and multivariate statistical tools such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The plants are Al-Karkh, Sharq-Dijlah, Al-Wathba, Al-Qadisiya Al-Karama, Al-Dora, Al-Rasheed, Al-Wehda. PCA extracted six factors as the most significant water quality parameters that can be used to evaluate the variation in drinkin
research aim :
- The research aimed to investigate the effect of two treatment
methods in the gaining of fourth grade students in geography
object.
- Research hypothesis
there are no statistically significant differences at the level of ( 0.05 )
in the average level of achievement in geography between the first
experimental group ( strengthening lessons ) and the second group
( re- teaching )
no individual differences statically significant at the level of ( 0.05 )
in the average level achievement in geography object of the second
experimental group ( re- teaching ) and the first experimental group
( strengthening lesson )
the research sample : the researcher selected randomly Baghdad
All the available reports on the issue of infertility confirmed the increase in this population problem worldwide. Although the accurate estimate of the number of infertile people is due to several reasons, including the discrepancy in the true definition of infertility (whether it extends for one, two or five years of failed pregnancy attempts), as well as the great discrepancy in the size of the selected population groups (large population sample size versus epidemiological studies) and defining the category that diagnosed included (individuals, women, or couples). The goal of today’s IVF program is to obtain high-quality embryos with high efficiency in development, which leads to an increase in live birth rates.
The current study aims to assess the effectiveness of the cognitive-behavioral programs in reducing stuttering and social anxiety among high-school students. The researchers used the experimental design. The sample consists of (20) male students who reported the highest score on the stuttering severity scale and social anxiety scale. The sample was divided into experimental and control groups (each group consists of 10 participants). The researcher used the type and severity of stuttering scale developed by Onslow et al (2003), translated by Mahmoud Ismail and the social anxiety scale was prepared by the authors. The results showed that there are statistically significant differences in pre-post and follow-up tests amongst the experiment
... Show MoreObjectives: The study aimed to assess the needs of nurses' knowledge toward post operative wound care and to constructed health educational program upon nurses who are working in surgical wards, to determine the relation between nurses' knowledge and their demographical characteristic which includes ( age, gender, level of education, number of years experience in the surgical wards, years of experience in nursing service, and number of attending an educational sessions), and to identify the impact of the health educational program on their knowledge through perform post-test every two months after imp
Tira is a custom known to the Arabs since the pre-Islamic era. in the occurrence of good or evil. And from the pessimism: that the Arabs in the pre-Islamic era depended on birds, so if one of them went out for a matter, If he sees a bird flying to the right, he will believe in him and go on his journey and his need. The research aims to introduce Imam Al-Manawi and explain his saying in Al-Tira through his book Fayd Al-Qadeer.