Objective(s): To determine the effectiveness of lactation counseling on maintenance of breastfeeding after
cesarean section for study group.
Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on non probability sample (purposive) of (60) women
who had cesarean section and sample divided in to two groups (30) of them as a study group from Fatima AlZahra'a
Maternity and Pediatric Teaching Hospital & implement lactation counseling on it and another group (30)
as control group from Baghdad Teaching Hospital in Baghdad City. Study implemented for the period of April 24th
2011 to August 2nd 2011. A questionnaire was used as a tool of data collection to fulfill with objective of the study
and consisted of three parts, including demographic, reproductive characteristics and maintenance of
breastfeeding of the sample. A pilot study was carried out to test the reliability of the questionnaire and content
validity was carried out through the 11 experts. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used to
analyze the data.
Results: The results of the study revealed that most mothers their ages within ideal fertility age which ranged
between (20-24) years, and most of them had low educational level, and were housewives, and live in urban
area, with moderate socioeconomic status, and (53.3%), (50%) respectively of them were primigravida. The
study shows that (100%) of the study group had continued breastfeeding, while (76.7%) of the control group had
continued breastfeeding and the reasons for discontinuation of breastfeeding for control group are not enough
milk and newborn refuse lactation, (73.3%) of the study group had exclusive breastfeeding, while (26%) of the
control group had exclusive breastfeeding.
Recommendations: The study recommended to reactivate the role of Baby-Friendly Hospitals Initiative in
promoting of breastfeeding by implementation of ten steps successful of breastfeeding, and breastfeeding
counseling for women during pregnancy and after birth especially who have cesarean section which has important
role on maintenance of breastfeeding up to 6 months after birth.
The development of human resources training programs has an applied and important role in the preparation of human cadresin terms of capacity to absorb technical sciences and skills and scientific and practical practices at faster rates in order to bealighed with continous development. Hence the recognition of the significant role that human resources play in the economy of any country,which has stressed the interest towards the economic unity of the qualified staff that it needsin atimely manner through the ongoing training process in the era of high technology day by day In this regard ,the current research deal with accounting of human resources and its impact on reducing costs in the military establishment and the
... Show MoreThe current research aims to test the relationship of the entrepreneurial leadership and its factors (strategic factors, communication factors, personal factors, motivational factors) in managing the organizational crisis and its stages (detection of warning signs, readiness and prevention, containment of damages, restoration of activity, learning) among a sample of companies of the Ministry Water resources (Al-Fao State Company for the implementation of irrigation projects, Al-Rafidain Company for the implementation of dams, Iraq Company for the implementation of irrigation projects), as well as standing at the level of interest of the research companies in the search variables and their factors and stages, there is no doubt tha
... Show MoreIn this article, we introduced a new concept of mappings called δZA - Quasi contractive mapping and we study the K*- iteration process for approximation of fixed points, and we proved that this iteration process is faster than the existing leading iteration processes like Noor iteration process, CR -iteration process, SP and Karahan Two- step iteration process for 𝛿𝒵𝒜 − quasi contraction mappings. We supported our analytic proof by a numerical example.
Adversity and psychosocial stress are involved in aging through the following pathways. psychological stress enhances the nerve system to secrete endocrine mediators (hormones). Mitochondrial respiration mediates energy production stimulated by binding to these hormones to their receptors. Energy produced by mitochondria accelerates metabolism and, in its turn, leads to increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) of free radicals. Cellular stress and accumulation of damage can result from an excess of ROS. Accumulation of damage comprises damages in telomeric and nontelomeric DNA, in addition to mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial DNA damage plays an important role in increasing the pathway of p53/p21. The expression of the PGC-1α gene
... Show MoreAppeared in the light of globalization growing convergence of the distances between the countries in world, this convergence is causing mixing of cultures to become culture is a universal one culture, There are positives and negatives of this mixing and mingling of cultures, consider Loss of cultural identity is one of the biggest negatives the Arab cultural infrastructure in general and Iraq in special. In addition consider subject to not keep the cultural identity is the most important Arab issues and dangerous to our Arab identity in various fields, including design and architecture, highlights here the subject of research on the impact of globalization on the identity of the interior spaces, cafés of Baghdadi, one of the historical
... Show MoreLeishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by Leishmania parasite, this disease considers a major health problem among worldwide. Treatments available are expensive or with cytotoxic side effect. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of an herbal new compound, called artemisinin, derived from a Chinese plant called Artemisia annua. Various concentrations were studied in vitro against L. tropica amastigotes by chamber counting to investigate its effect on the proliferation of promastigotes. Three incubation periods were adopted (24, 48, 72) hours. The results showed a significant decrease in surviving promastigotes, in parallel with the normal parasite count of untreated promastigotes, along the periods studied. This stu
... Show Morethe films of cdse pure and doped with copper ratio glass substrate effect od cucomcentration technique thikness doped with copper is an anonmg and the density of state increases
In this work we present a technique to extract the heart contours from noisy echocardiograph images. Our technique is based on improving the image before applying contours detection to reduce heavy noise and get better image quality. To perform that, we combine many pre-processing techniques (filtering, morphological operations, and contrast adjustment) to avoid unclear edges and enhance low contrast of echocardiograph images, after implementing these techniques we can get legible detection for heart boundaries and valves movement by traditional edge detection methods.
This work includes the geographical distribution variation and notes for the habitat of Iraqi blind snakes Leptotyphlops macrorhynehus. Typhlops braminus, and Typhlops vermicularis. A key was also given for the identification of these three snakes.
Starting from 4, - Dimercaptobiphenyl, a variety of phenolic Schiff bases (methylolic, etheric, epoxy) derivatives have been synthesized. All proposed structure were supported by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR Elemental analysis all analysis were performed in center of consultation in Jordan Universty.