The duty of care is the essence of the error of negligence under the English legal system, and without it, responsibility for negligence cannot be judged, regardless of the extent of the damage incurred. contained in English law. In view of the importance of proving the existence of the duty of care on the defendant so that it is possible to judge his responsibility for negligence, the need arises to find a general principle to which the defendant is subject in order to decide whether he owes the plaintiff with the duty of care and therefore responsible for the negligence, and this is what we will explain in the research topic the study.

This study aims to highlight the role of financial control in the development of government performance through the use of "GFS" system and its application in the service of government units, which will help them in how to use financial resources efficiently through the quality of accounting information provided by this system in the financial statements that reflect the predictability in that fiscal policy of the state through government programs and activities fee as well as to identify weaknesses and address them quickly in order to avoid wastage and loss of public money, which leads to the possibility of utilization of available financial resources of the state to effectively and efficiently, has been reached that the failure of gove

   Permeability is an essential parameter in reservoir characterization because it is determined hydrocarbon flow patterns and volume, for this reason, the need for accurate and inexpensive methods for predicting permeability is important. Predictive models of permeability become more attractive as a result.

   A Mishrif reservoir in Iraq's southeast has been chosen, and the study is based on data from four wells that penetrate the Mishrif formation. This study discusses some methods for predicting permeability. The conventional method of developing a link between permeability and porosity is one of the strategies. The second technique uses flow units and a flow zone indicator (FZI) to predict the permeability of a rock mass u

The researcher tried to concentrate on the field study included many houses for the sake of documenting it by pictures and schemes with its history using the available data that had got from elderly whereas the rest of heritage will document in other research , in God willing .
The research confined on the studying of examples heritage houses which was some of them had built at the end of 19th century AD but, other of them had built on the beginning of 20th century . In spite of considering these buildings are important and as a sign to architect art of Jubba but, there is never full studying written about them in Western city .
The importance of this study lies on documenting sides of environmental and climatic progress which Iraq

Background: Postoperative pain is one of the main complications following impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM) surgery. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the local application of bupivacaine on reducing early postoperative pain following IMTM surgery. Material and methods: A prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled study was conducted on 40 patients who had undergone the surgical removal of an IMTM under local anesthesia. In the study group (n = 20), absorbable gelatin sponge (AGS) soaked in 3 mL of 0.5% plain bupivacaine hydrochloride was locally applied in the post-extraction socket. In the control group (n = 20), AGS soaked in 3 mL of normal saline was used. Pain intensity was assessed using a pa

Background: The oral cavity is considered as a complex ecological niche, its complex microbial community is reflected to it. Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as one of the major etiological factor of dental caries. Tooth surfaces colonized with Streptococcus mutans are at a higher risk for developing caries, while lactobacilli are considered as the secondary invaders, not initiators of the carious lesion. The main purpose of this study was to correlate the dental caries (for primary and permanent teeth) in the upper jaw with the streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli count in the dental plaque and saliva, also to correlate the dental caries (for primary and permanent teeth) in the lower jaw with the streptococcus mutans and lactobaci

Objective(s): To assess the level of depression and anxiety among school age children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia under chemotherapy treatment and to find out the relationship between the level of depression and anxiety among the affected children and their demographic characteristics.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on school age children both gender having acute lymphoblastic leukemia under chemotherapy treated and their age between 6 years to 12 years. The study started from the period of September, 19th 2020 to March,1st 2021. Non-probability (Purposive) sample of (114) children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia under chemotherapy was selected in attending hospital wards, outpatient and counseling clinics

Almost human societies are not void of poverty, as the latter accompanied the emergence of humanity, and it, thus, represents an eternal problem. To advance an individual's reality and raise the level of the poor social classes, social security networks have been established. Such networks operate in society following social systems and laws to provide food, and material support. Besides, such networks help to rehabilitate the individual academically and vocationally. They empower vulnerable groups through the establishment of courses and workshop, provide (conditional) subsidies related to the health and educational aspects in order to achieve the sustainable development goals of (2030), and apply developmental roles of social safety ne