Aims: The present study aims at assessing mothers’ knowledge of breastfeeding in Kirkuk governorate,
besides determining the relationship between mothers’ knowledge and some of their demographic
attributes.
Methodolgy: A descriptive study was used the assessment approach and applied on mothers in Kirkuk
governorate from January 15th 2011 to July 25th
, 2011. Non-probability sampling a convenience sample of
(72) mothers, attending pediatric general hospital in Kirkuk governorate for following up the health status
of their children, was selected for the purpose of the study. A questionnaire was developed for the
purpose of the study. It was comprised of two parts; the first part includes the mothers' demographic
attributes and the second part assessed the knowledge of breastfeeding with (20) True or False questions.
A pilot study was carried out for the period of January 15th to 25th, 2011 to determine the questionnaire
reliability through the use of (Test – Retest). A panel of (8) experts was involved in the determination of the
questionnaire content validity. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive statistical data
analysis approach (frequency and percentage), and inferential data analysis approach (chi-square).
Results: The study findings revealed that more than half (58.3%) of mothers were young, (45.8%) of them
had completed primary school, more than two-third (84.7%) of them were housewife mothers, (61.1%) of
them have lived inside Kirkuk city, also (61.1) of mothers have more than one children, (63.9%) of them
were regularly visited primary health care center during antenatal period and only (40.3%) of them have
received antenatal orientation about breastfeeding. According to the level of knowledge of breastfeeding,
(66.7%) of mothers answered correctly all questions about breastfeeding, and there was a highly significant
relationship between health education during antenatal period and mothers’ knowledge of breastfeeding.
Recommendations: The study findings highlight the need for excessive health education about
breastfeeding during antenatal period and advice the mothers to comply with recommended visits during
pregnancy period.
Introduction and Aim: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial infection with an ability to develop high levels of antibiotic resistance. The efflux pump system is one of the mechanisms that is linked to multidrug resistance in P. aeruginosa. In this study, we employed siRNA loaded on gold nanoparticles against the MexA efflux pump gene to decrease the MexA gene expression in P. aeruginosa and estimated antibiotic resistance after gene silencing. Materials and Methods: This study examined four strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients in various hospitals in Baghdad. Bacteria isolated were identified by biochemical tests and Vitek compact 2 system. Single-stranded siRNA (33bp) designed in this study was loaded onto gold
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The impact of exposure to different sizes of particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, PM7, and PM10) was evaluated in Babylon concrete plant workers who had been exposed to concrete dust for at least 10 years. The effects of these particles on the hematological parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase ) were examined. The results exhibited that the levels of PM2.5 and PM10 were higher than the acceptable limits approved by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The blood parameters, namely white blood cells (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) and platelets counts, demonstrated non-significant differences between workers exposed to the PM as compared to the control gro
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Abstract
The study aims to find out the degree of practicing professional leadership of the faculty’s deans, deputies, and heads of the scientific divisions at Al-Qaseem University. The study has adopted the descriptive analytical method. To achieve the objective of the study, the researcher developed a questionnaire consisting of (45) items distributed to six fields that were applied to a sample of (116) faculty deans, deputies, and the head of division at Al-Qaseem University. The results showed there is a high practicing degree of the study sample individuals of the professional leadership on the questionnaire’s fields as a whole, strategic thinking field came at the first rank, while the innovation, creat
... Show MoreAfter completing the research, with the help and success of God Almighty , I will summarize what has been mentioned in a concise and understandable form, without boring prolongation or abbreviation .
The subject, in general, was clarified, clarified and corrected, as I mentioned, for an incorrect concept, about paying zakat on trade goods.
It has known trade offers parts and combination of language and idiomatic .
The rule of zakat on trade goods, and evidence from the Qur'an, Sunnah and consensus .
As well as the conditions of its zakat according to the jurists and their differences in it .
It
... Show MoreThe relationship of hyperuricemia to kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension and the risk of cardiovascular diseases remain controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of uric acid (UA) levels to find the higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with end stage renal disease that have diabetic nephropathy (DN), nephropathy with hypertension (NH) and patients with both diabetic nephropathy with hypertension (DNH). This study deals with 115 patients with end-stage renal disease under hemodialysis sub-grouped into 35 patients with (DN), 40 patients with (NH), and 40 patients with (DNH). Some biochemical parameters were determined in the serum of all participants such as HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), UA, urea,
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The research aims to show the impact that the information of the supporting bodies can have and its dimensions represented by (information credibility, efficiency and effectiveness of information, cooperation with the tax administration, obligating the taxpayer, accuracy and completeness of information and the appropriate time) in tax inventory, as well as clarifying the moral differences in The response of the surveyed sample according to the personal variables represented by (gender, educational attainment, scientific specialization, job title, years of service), and the descriptive analytical approach was adopted and in light of it, the questionnaire was designed as a main tool in collecting data from the sample of (80)
... Show MoreWe have provided in this research model multi assignment with fuzzy function goal has been to build programming model is correct Integer Programming fogging after removing the case from the objective function data and convert it to real data .Pascal triangular graded mean using Pascal way to the center of the triangular.
The data processing to get rid of the case fogging which is surrounded by using an Excel 2007 either model multi assignment has been used program LNDO to reach the optimal solution, which represents less than what can be from time to accomplish a number of tasks by the number of employees on the specific amount of the Internet, also included a search on some of the
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The aim of this paper is to find out the effects of the strategy of productive thinking upon the student’s achievement for the subject of research methodology in the College of Islamic Sciences. Achieving this objective, the researchers set the null hypotheses: (1) No difference is noticed to be statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) among the student’s mean scores in the experimental group who were taught by the strategy of productive thinking, and the student’s mean scores in the control group who studied by the traditional method in the achievement test. (2) At level of sig. (0.05), there is no statistically significant difference in the mean of scores of the pre-tests and post ones in the achievement test of
... Show MoreIn this work we study the influence of the laser pulse energy and ablation time on the aluminum nanoparticles productivity during nanosecond laser ablation of bulk aluminum immersed in liquid.
Aluminum nanoparticles were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation of Al targets in ethanol for 3-8 minutes using the 1064 nm wavelength of a Nd:YAG laser with energies of 300-500 mJ per pulse.The laser energy was varied between 300 and 500 mJ/pulse, whereas the ablation time was set to 5 minutes. UV-Visible absorption spectra was used for the characterization and comparison of products.
The heritage of the human peoples remains a beacon of data, after renewed awareness of them, open to their propositions, which are born from the womb of intertwined elements of customs, knowledge, arts, and literature ... Misleading the reception process, it may be something intriguing to identify with caution with the text sample selected by the current search procedures prepared according to the adoption of a descriptive therapist in a three-dimensional approach, as well as a comprehensive textual reference for that specific communication dimension within Anthology Andalusian - Moroccan poetry in the book of pleasure in the perception of the five senses Tahdib ibn Manzoor (d. 711 e) from the origin of Tivashi (d. 651 e) Tagged: Separat
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