The lead-acid battery has become so dependable in its used applications of automobile starting, emergency lighting and telecommunications, which left an impression that no further investigation is necessary or desirable. While there has been slow continuous improvements in lead-acid battery performance and mainly limited to design and material engineering. This work is mainly devoted to the properties of the active mass of the positive electrode and the acid/water ratio during the manufacturing process. A field study is carried out at the State Battery Manufacturing Company located in Baghdad, to prepare batches of lead mono-oxide with predefined quantities of liquid additives (i.e. sulfuric acid and water). Quality control and laborator

              In the present work, poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) doped with Rhodamine 6G was prepared. The spectral properties (absorption and fluorescence) of the films were studied at different concentrations (1x10^-5, 2x10^-5, 5x10^-5, 7x10^-5, and 1x10^-4mol/l). The investigated samples were made in the form of thin films. This was achieved by dissolving a certain weight of PMMA in a fixed volume of chloroform, composite films was with thickness (25.8μm) at room temperature. The achieved results were pointed out that absorption and fluorescence spectra have taken a wide spectral rang so when increased the concentratio

Zubair Formation is one of the richest petroleum systems in Southern Iraq. This formation is composed mainly of sandstones interbedded with shale sequences, with minor streaks of limestone and siltstone. Borehole collapse is one of the most critical challenges that continuously appear in drilling and production operations. Problems associated with borehole collapse, such as tight hole while tripping, stuck pipe and logging tools, hole enlargement, poor log quality, and poor primary cement jobs, are the cause of the majority of the nonproductive time (NPT) in the Zubair reservoir developments. Several studies released models predicting the onset of borehole collapse and the amount of enlargement of the wellbore cross-section. However, assump

     Disequilibrium compaction, sometimes referred to as under compaction, has been identified as a major mechanism of abnormal pore pressure buildup in sedimentary basins. This is attributed to the interplay between the rate at which sediments are deposited and the rate at which fluids associated with the sediments are expelled with respect to burial depth. The purpose of this research is to analyze the mechanisms associated with abnormal pore pressure regime in the sedimentary formation. The study area “Jay field” is an offshore Niger Delta susceptible to abnormal pore pressure regime in the Agbada –Akata formations of the basin. Well log analysis and cross plots were applied to determine the unde

In this paper, 3D simulation of the global coronal magnetic field, which use observed line of sight component of the photosphere magnetic field from (MDI/SOHO) was carried out using potential field model. The obtained results, improved the theoretical models of the coronal magnetic field, which represent a suitable lower boundary conditions (Bx, By, Bz) at the base of the linear force-free and nonlinear force free models, provides a less computationally expensive method than other models. Generally, very high speed computer and special configuration is needed to solve such problem as well as the problem of viewing the streamline of the magnetic field. For high accuracy special mathematical treatment was adopted to solve the computation comp

On-site pit is the most common option that may be used to dispose drilling wastes. The contents of these pits vary, depending on the lithology of formations drilled and the drilling mud ,and different chemical additives.
Eighty samples of mud (sludge) and eighty samples of water have been collected from ten pits of two Iraqi oilfields(North Rumaila and South Rumaila/southern Iraq) and were chemically analyzed for metals Cr, Pb,As, Zn, Fe, Mn,K , Na,Ba, Ca, Mg,SO4=,and Cl- in order to determine the quality and quantity content of studied reserve pits
Inefficient equipment, using toxic materials for various drilling processes, absence of regulations for the design and monitoring of pit during and after drilling operation, and leaking

     Geochemical proxies provide detailed information on depositional environment and diagenetic processes. The main objectives of the present study are the evaluation of the paleoenvironment and diagenetic conditions of selected three sections of the Shiranish Formation (Late Campanian-Maastrichtian) in Dokan-Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, northeast of Iraq. The major and some trace elements were analysed by X-Ray Fluoresces. These geochemical results showed a positive correlation of SiO₂, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO and TiO₂ between each other due to the influence of detrital influx from the active oceanic margins and thrust belts of the northeast Arabian Plate. The terrigeno

Were studied some bacteria evidence of pollution as well as the total number of live bacteria in the waters of the Diyala river and selected five stations within the 17 km final Diyala River before its mouth in the Tigris River was the first before the new bridge of the Diyala River about 4 km and the second after the mouth of the water purification plant Rustumiya suit inverselywith temperatures

Abstract 

Locally natural occurring Iraqi rocks of Bauxite and Porcelanite (after pre calcinations at 1000^oC for 1hr) were used, with the addition of different proportions of MgO and Al₂O₃, to prepare refractory materials. The effects of these additives on the physical and thermal properties of the prepared refractories were investigated.

Many batches of Bauxite/MgO, Bauxite/Al₂O₃, Bauxite/MgO/Al₂O₃, and   Porcelanite/ MgO/Al₂O₃ were prepared. The mixture is milled and classified into different size fractions; fine (less than 45μm) 40%, middle (45-75μm) 40%, and coarse (75-106μm) 20% .