Probit analysis is a type of regression used to analyze the relationship between a stimulus and the quantal response. Allelopathy refers to direct or indirect negative or positive effects of one plant on another through the release of chemical compounds into the environment. This study was carried out to apply probit analysis in investigating the allelopathic effects of the leaves aqueous extracts of apple of Sodom [Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T.] on the inhibition of seed germination of African rattlebox (Crotalaria saltiana Andr.). A laboratory experiments were carried out at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Sudan in season 2014/15. Ten concentrations (2.3, 4.6, 7.0, 9.3, 11.6, 13.9, 16.2, 18.5, 20.8 and 23.2 g/l) leaves aqueous extract of apple of Sodom were prepared from the stock solution (50 g / l). A control with sterilized-distilled water was included for comparison. Treatments were arranged in completely randomized design with four replicates. The seeds were examined for inhibition (%) in germination at three days after initial germination. Collected data were transformed using Abbott’s formula and subjected to probit analysis procedure (P £ 0.5). The results showed that the leaves aqueous extract of apple of Sadom had allelopathic effects on seed germination of African rattlebox and there was direct positive relationship between concentration (g/l) and inhibition (%). Also, the data indicated that plotting of corrected inhibition (%) against concentration (%) formed a sigmoid curve. Probit analysis transformed the sigmoid concentration-response curve to a straight line. Hence, the LC25 (2.16 g/l), LC50 (8.55 g/l) and LC75 (33.88 g/l) were accurately estimated. It was concluded that probit analysis is appropriate procedure in studying the allelopathy phenomenon.
In this work four complexes of antimony were prepared ,Na[SbO(gly)2],Na[SbO(Asp)2],Na[SbO(Tyrosin)2], Na [SbO(phen alanin)2]. by reaction SbOCl with salts amino acids identifiefid these complexes by FTIR ,their conductivity was measured and also their biological activity against two types of bacteria was studied ,they were biologically active.
The problem of soil contamination is increased recently due to increasing the industrial wastes such as petroleum hydrocarbon, organic solvents, and heavy metals as well as maximizing the use of agricultural fertilizers. During this period, wide development of data collection methods, using remote sensing techniques in the field of soil and environment applications appear and state the suitable technique for remediation. This study deals with the application of remote sensing techniques in geoenvironmental engineering through a field spectral reflectance measurements at nine spots of naturally hydrocarbons contaminated soil in Al-Daura Refinery Company site which is located to the south west of Baghdad using radiometer device to get stan
... Show MoreCadmium Oxide and Bi doped Cadmium Oxide thin films are prepared by using the chemical spray pyrolysis technique a glass substrate at a temperature of (400?C) with volumetric concentration (2,4)%. The thickness of all prepared films is about (400±20) nm. Transmittance and Absorbance spectra are recorded in the wave length ranged (400-800) nm. The nature of electronic transitions is determined, it is found out that these films have directly allowed transition with an optical energy gap of (2.37( eV for CdO and ) 2.59, 2.62) eV for (2% ,4%) Bi doped CdO respectively. The optical constants have been evaluated before and after doping.
The water resources, Groundwater and surface water, in Shanafiya – Samawa
area- southern Iraq were investigated using radium-226. The study examines the use
of radium as tracer whether saline surface water (Sawa Lake) seeps and interacts
with water of the Euphrates River and where groundwater interacts with surface
water, Euphrates, Atshan River and Sawa Lake. As well as examine the radiological
doses caused by consumption of these waters. Thirteen water samples were analysis
for radium-226 content by precipitation with barium carrier by using gamma
spectroscopy based on hyper-pure Germanium with efficiency 30%. The result
shows that Sawa Lake contains radium concentration higher than that of
groundwater and
The term “non-violence” is a means of political, social, and advocacy that excludes force in reaching its objectives, and lacks infringement of the rights of non-violence. The policy of non-violence is a beautiful logic of the whole of Islamic creation, in that it is an integral part of the whole structure of Islam and it is a policy of brilliant and brilliant saying in the Almighty: `` Neither level nor good or bad, pay what is better, If that between you and him enmity as if he were intimate guardian (Suratvsalat, verse: 34. Has According to the prophet of Islam, it means that God gives to kindness (kindness) what does not give to violence (Sunan Abu Dawood, 4/255). These terms accurately communicate what is meant by violence and n
... Show MoreThe primary objective of this study was to identify the obstacles and problems encountered in the work of sports clubs according to the reality of the application of administrative automation. The present study was conducted in the sports club headquarters of Baghdad within the timeframe of October 2021 to December 2021. In the present study, a descriptive approach was used by the researchers in an analytical style according to the nature of the problem to be studied. The research community of the current study was composed of 100 sports clubs in the governorate of Baghdad. A total of 80 questionnaires were filled by the sample participants, who represented a percentage of 80% of the research community. After processin
... Show MoreThe present study aimed at shed light on the association between HLA-class I antigens (A, B and Cw) and brain tumours (meningioma and glioma) in the basis of their individual frequencies or two-locus association A total of 52 brain tumour patients were enrolled in this study, with an age range of 7-68 years. The patients were divided into two clinical groups; meningioma (20 cases) and glioma (22 cases), while the remaining 10 cases represented other types of brain tumour. Control samples included 47 Iraqi Arab apparently healthy blood volunteers, with an age range of 15-50 year. Three HLA antigens showed a significant increased frequency in total patients as compared to controls. They were B13 (34.6 vs. 6.5%), B40 (15.4 vs. 2.2%) and Cw3
... Show MoreThe present study was designed to evaluate the immunological status in a sample of Iraqi males with primary infertility and them age range18-55 years, who were attending the Centre of Infertility and in vitro Fertilization (Kamal Al-Samaraie Hospital, Baghdad) during the period December 2008 – April 2009. They were divided into three groups; 40 patients with anti-sperm antibodies (ASA), 20 patients with Asthenozoospermia (AST) and 20 patients with azoospermia (AZO). In adition to20 fertile males was as control group. The parameters of evaluations were standard seminal fluid analysis, anti-sperm antibodies and anti-mitochondrial antibodies in serum, Therefore, two types of samples were collected from each subject; seminal fluid and blood.
... Show MorePrevious experimental studies have suggested that hot mixed asphalt (HMA) concrete using hydrated lime (HL) to partially replace the conventional limestone dust filler at 2.5% by the total weight of all aggregates showed an optimum improvement on several key mechanical properties, fatigue life span and moisture susceptibility. However, so far, the knowledge of the thermal response of the modified asphalt concrete and thermal influence on the durability of the pavement constructed are still relatively limited but important to inform pavement design. This paper, at first, reports an experimental study of the tensile fatigue life of HMA concrete mixes designed for wearing layer application. Tests were conducted under three different temperatur
... Show MoreThe main aim of this paper is to introduce the relationship between the topic of coding theory and the projective plane of order three. The maximum value of size of code over finite field of order three and an incidence matrix with the parameters, (length of code), (minimum distance of code) and (error-correcting of code ) have been constructed. Some examples and theorems have been given.