A thermal evaporation technique was used to prepare ZnO thin films. The samples were prepared with good quality onto a glass substrate and using Zn metal. The thickness varied from (100 to 300) ±10 nm. The structure and optical properties of the ZnO thin films were studied. The results of XRD spectra confirm that the thin films grown by this technique have hexagonal wurtzite, and also aproved that ZnO films have a polycrystalline structure. UV-Vis measurement, optical transmittance spectra, showed high transmission about 90% within visible and infrared range. The energy gap is found to be between 3.26 and 3.14e.V for 100 to 300 nm thickness respectivly. Atomic Force Microscope AFM (topographic image ) shows the grain size incre

            Eight patients (3 male and 5 female) were treated in this study by Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA); Mathematical models are proposed to estimate the applied laser power and to assess the recovery period. The estimations of the applied laser power and recovery period in these models will be depended mainly on the diameter of the incompetent vein.  In addition, Excel Program was utilized to find the proposed models.  A 1470 nm diode laser up to 15W continuous power (CW) was used in the treatment of venous ulcers by EVLA procedure. Following up by duplex ultrasound was started in the 1st week after the first session until the vein is completely closed. The present study concluded that the relationship both between

Susceptibility of thirty seven clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus to various antibiotics was tested. 100 % of tested isolates were resistant to ampicillin, while the lowest resistance recorded to amikacin 8.10 %. Four of S. aureus isolates showed resistant to vancomycin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of isolates 33 and 56 for vancomycin was ≥ 32 μg/ml.

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical technique that employs variations in light absorption produced by alteration in the blood volume in capillaries at the skin during the cardiac cycle. This study aims to understand factors related to PPG morphology; a hand-elevation, the study has modified blood flow to and from the finger was conducted in the laboratory. It is widely established that the position of the limb relative to the heart has an effect on blood flow in arteries and venous. Peripheral digital pulse wave (DPW) signals were obtained from 15 healthy volunteer participants during hand-elevation, and hand-lowering techniques wherein the right hand was lifted and lowered relative to heart level, while the left h

Thin films of tin sulfide (SnS) were prepared by thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates, with thickness in the range of 100, 200 and 300nm and their physical properties were studied with appropriate techniques. The phase of the synthesized thin films was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Further, the crystallite size was calculated by Scherer formula and found to increase from 58 to 79 nm with increase of thickness. The obtained results were discussed in view of testing the suitability of SnS film as an absorber for the fabrication of low-cost and non toxic solar cell. For thickness, t=300nm, the films showed orthorhombic OR phase with a strong (111) preferred orientation. The films deposited with thickness < 200nm deviate

SnO2 thin films of different two thicknesses were prepared an glass substrate by DC magnetron sputtering. The crystal structure and orientation of the films were investigated by XRD patterns. All the deposited films are polycrystalline. The grain size was calculated as 25.35, 28.8 nm. Morphological and compositions of the films were performed by SEM and EDX analyses respectively. The films appeared compact and rougher surface in nature. The allowed direct band gap was evaluated as 3.85 eV, and other optical constants such as refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constants were determined from transmittance spectrum in the wavelength range (300-900) nm and also analyzed.
 

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) Nano powder has been synthesized by hydrothermal method. The reaction took place between titanium tetrachloride (TiCI4) and mixture solution consisted of deionized water and ethanol, in the ratio (3:7) respectively. Structure and surface morphology of TiO2 Nano powder at different annealing temperatures in the range 200-800°C for 120 min were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), FT-IR and UV/visible spectroscopy measurements. The results show that with an increase in annealing temperature, the value of the intensity of (110) peak for rutile phase increases while the value of the full-width at half maximum (FWHM) decreases, and the band gap de

The size and the concentration of the gold nanoparticles (GNPs)
synthesized in double distilled deionized water (DDDW) have been
found to be affected by the laser energy and the number of pulses.
The absorption spectra of the nanoparticles DDDW, and the
surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks were measured, and found to
be located between (509 and 524)nm using the UV- Vis
spectrophotometer. SPR calculations, images of transmission
electron microscope, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) method
were used to determine the size of GNPs, which found to be ranged
between (3.5 and 27) nm. The concentrations of GNPs in colloidal
solutions found to be ranged between (37 and 142) ppm, and
measured by atomic absorptio