Let R be a commutative ring with unity. In this paper we introduce and study fuzzy distributive modules and fuzzy arithmetical rings as generalizations of (ordinary) distributive modules and arithmetical ring. We give some basic properties about these concepts.  

Let R be commutative ring with identity and let M be any unitary left R-module. In this paper we study the properties of ec-closed submodules, ECS- modules and the relation between ECS-modules and other kinds of modules. Also, we study the direct sum of ECS-modules.

    Let R be a commutative ring with unity and M be a non zero unitary left R-module. M is called a hollow module if every proper submodule N of M is small (N ≪ M), i.e. N + W ≠ M for every proper submodule W in M. A δ-hollow module is a generalization of hollow module, where an R-module M is called δ-hollow module if every proper submodule N of M is δ-small (N δ  M), i.e. N + W ≠ M for every proper submodule W in M with M W is singular. In this work we study this class of modules and give several fundamental properties related with this concept

 Let R be a commutative ring with unity, let M be a left R-module. In this paper we introduce the concept small monoform module as a generalization of monoform module. A module M is called small monoform if for each non zero submodule N of M and for each   f ∈ Hom(N,M), f ≠ 0 implies ker f is small submodule in N. We give the fundamental properties of small monoform modules. Also we present some relationships between small monoform modules and some related modules

   In this paper ,we introduce a concept of Max– module as follows: M is called a Max- module if ann N R is a maximal ideal of R, for each non– zero submodule N of M;       In other words, M is a Max– module iff (0) is a *- submodule, where  a proper submodule N of M is called a *- submodule if [ ] : N K R is a maximal ideal of R, for each submodule K contains N properly.       In this paper, some properties and characterizations of max– modules and  *- submodules are given. Also, various basic results a bout Max– modules are considered. Moreover, some relations between max- modules and other types of modules are considered.

  In this paper we introduce the notion of semiprime fuzzy module as a generalization of semiprime module. We investigate several characterizations and properties of this concept.

Let
be an
module, and let
be a set, let
be a soft set over
. Then
is said to be a fuzzy soft module over
iff
,
is a fuzzy submodule of
. In this paper, we introduce the concept of fuzzy soft modules over fuzzy soft rings and some of its properties and we define the concepts of quotient module, product and coproduct operations in the category of
modules.

   Let R be a commutative ring with unity and let M be a unitary R-module. In this paper we study fully semiprime submodules and fully semiprime modules, where a proper fully invariant R-submodule W of M is called fully semiprime in M if whenever XXW for all fully invariant R-submodule X of M, implies XW.         M is called fully semiprime if (0) is a fully semiprime submodule of M. We give basic properties of these concepts. Also we study the relationships between fully semiprime submodules (modules) and other related submodules (modules) respectively.

 Abstract

In order to determine what type of photovoltaic solar module could best be used in a thermoelectric photovoltaic power generation. Changing in powers due to higher temperatures (25^oC, 35^oC, and 45^oC) have been done for three types of solar modules: monocrystalline , polycrystalline, and copper indium gallium (di) selenide (CIGS). The Prova 200 solar panel analyzer is used for the professional testing of three solar modules at different ambient temperatures; 25^oC, 35^oC, and 45^oC and solar radiation range 100-1000 W/m². Copper indium gallium (di) selenide module   has the lowest power drop (with the average percent