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Facies Analysis and Stratigraphic Development of the Zubair Formation in the Mesopotamian Zone, Southern Iraq
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The Barremain-Aptian succession represented by two types of deposits, Clasits deposits of Zubair Formation. This formation is the most significant sandstone reservoir in Iraq, Deposited in fluvio- deltaic, deltaic and marine environments during the Barremain to Early Aptian age.

The area of study is located in the Mesopotamian Zone at S

The Barremain-Aptian succession represented by the Clasits deposits of Zubair Formation. This formation is the most significant sandstone reservoir in Iraq which deposited in fluvio- deltaic, deltaic and marine environments during the Barremain to Early Aptian age. The area of study is located in the Mesopotamian Zone at Southern part of Iraq which represented by five oil fields (Nasira, Luhais, Suba, Tuba and West Qurnah).

     The petrographic study showed that quartz mineral is the main component of the sandstone in Zubair Formation with minor percentage of feldspar and rare rock fragments to classified as quartz arenite. The formation consists of mainly interbedded sandstone, shale, siltstone and sometimes thin beds of carbonate. Shale thickness increase towards east and decrease the sandstone towards the east southern of Iraq.

Zubair characterized in the lower member by mud - dominated delta front associated facies. They seem to vertically separate relatively multi-storied mode and multi-lateral changes deltaic channel sand bodies resulting in compartmentalized reservoir architecture.

The presence of the delta front associated facies overlaying the unconformity surface (SB1) refers to the transgressive system tract (TST). This stage was ended by the deposition the fluvial channel facies to mark a high-stand system tract (HST). The fluctuation point between the TST and HST is represented a maximum flooding surface.

The middle member of Zubair Formation is characterized by moderate to well sorted quartz arenite sandstone with appearance bands of the shale overlaying the sand body.  This succession was deposied in the delta plain environment with steps of sea level rise during the transgressive stage. There are two sequences as TST in this part which end with the maximum sea level rise (MFS) to mark the upper part of the Zubair Formation. The next stage was appeared high concentrations of organic matters and pyrite mineral which indicating that the sedimentary environment has been reduced to the marshes environment during the HST.

 The upper part of the Zubair Formation showed a shallower environment with shale dominated rocks associated with high organic matters and pyrite. This indicates to the finning up-ward mode during highstand stage when the deposition environment changed from delta plain fluvial channel to delta front mouth bar. The sea level rise marked the end of this stage when deposition the upper part of Zubair Formation, and the beginning of deposition of shallow marine carbonate of the Shuaiba Formation as shallow carbonate marine.

outhern part of Iraq which represented by five oil fields (Narira, Luhais, Suba, Tuba and West Qurnah).

By studying the core and thin sections, the main component of the Zubair Formation is Sand grain size ranges from very fine to course, quartz classified as a sandstone quartzarenite represented a high maturity and  reflect a good reservoir property, with minor percentage of feldspar and rare rock fragments, it consists of mainly interbedded sandstone, shale, siltstone and sometimes thin beds of carbonate. Shale thickness increase towards east and decrease the sandstone towards the east southern of Iraq.

Zubair Formation has three members (Lower, Middle and Upper) in the study area. The change in thickness and lithofacies depends on well locations. These changes have shown in logs, thin sections and core descriptions. These members are represented by five lithofacies deposited in the three main deltaic environments Prodelta, Delta Front (Mouth bar and Distributaries bay deep sea) and Delta Plain (Channel Sand).

The Lower member of ZubairFormation consists mainly of shale with low sandstone percentage changes in thickness from minimum value in Suba,  Luhais increase toward Nasira , Tuba and West Qurnah oil fields ,this member representing Transgressive systems tracts (TST) stage as rise in sea level ending with HighStand systems tracts(HST) stage reflecting a delta front association Mouth bar and Distributaries bay deep sea)  in Nasria, Suba and Luhais oil fields changes to prodelta in the lower part of lower member in Tuba and West Qurnah oil fields .

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
1-D Simulation of Ultrafast-Pulsed Laser into Nano-Sized Multilayered Structure (Ni81Fe19/Cu/YIG/GGG) for Memory Device Applications
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     Spintronic offers a solution by exploiting spin instead of electron charge since spin current propagation can occur in principle without dissipation. One of the applications involve within this project for storage media is heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR). The objective of this study is to simulate the behavior of thermal gradient to generate a pure spin current using an ultrafast femtosecond (fs) laser in a nano-sized  multilayered structure of (Al2O3/Ni81Fe19 (Py)/Cu/Y3Fe5O12 (YIG)/Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG)) at room temperature. A ferromagnetic/spacer/magnetic insulator nano-sized multilayered is the proposed structure f

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Optimum Reinforcement Depth Ratio for Sandy Soil Enhancement to Support Ring Footing Subjected to a Combination of Inclined-Eccentric Load
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This work investigates the impacts of eccentric-inclined load on ring footing performance resting on treated and untreated weak sandy soil, and due to the reduction in the footing carrying capacity due to the combinations of eccentrically-inclined load, the geogrid was used as reinforcement material. Ring radius ratio and reinforcement depth ratio parameters were investigated. Test outcomes showed that the carrying capacity of the footing decreases with the increment in the eccentric-inclined load and footing radius ratio. Furthermore, footing tilt and horizontal displacement increase with increasing the eccentricity and inclination angle, respectively. At the same time, the increment in the horizontal displacement due t

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Thu Oct 25 2018
Journal Name
Al-nahrain Journal Of Science
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Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
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The research included preparation of new iron(II) complexes with mixed ligands including benzilazine(BA) and semicarbazone ligands {benzilsemicarbazone- BSCH or benzilbis(semicarba-zone)- BBSCH2 or salicylaldehydesemicarbazone- SSCH2 or benzoinsemicarbazone- B'SCH2}.by classical and microwave methods. The resulted complexes have been characterized using chemical and physical methods. The study suggested that the above ligands form ionic complexes having formulae [Fe(SCHi)(BA)(Cl)m](Cl)2-m {where SCH, BSCH, BBSCH2, SSCH¬2 or B'SCH2 ligands; m=1 or 2}. Hexacoordinated mononuclear complexes have been investigated by this study and having octahedral geometries. The effect of laser ray type visible region have been studied on solid ligands and

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Ibn Al- Haitham J. Fo R Pure & Appl. Sci
Multiple Mixing Ratios of Gamma Rays Reaction 32 70 70 33 Ge p n As (, ) γ Using a2-ratio Method.
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The δ-mixing of γ-transitions in 70As populated in the 32 70 70 33 Ge p n As (, ) γ reaction is calculated in the present work by using the a2-ratio methods. In one work we applied this method for two cases, the first one is for pure transition and the sacend one is for non pure transition, We take into account the experimental a2-coefficient for previous works and δ -values for one transition only.The results obtained are, in general, in a good agreement within associated errors, with those reported previously , the discrepancies that occur are due to inaccuracies existing in the experimental data of the previous works.

Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Sy nthesis of Some New Schifrs-Bases Derived From 2-(4-m ethoxy phenyl)-5- (4-amino phenyl)-1,3,4-0xadiazole
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A new compound  2-(4-methoxyphcnyl)-5-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-

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bases 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[4(4:alkoxybenzoyloxy) benzylidene amino phenyl] I,3,4-oxadia:t.ole (VII].was synthesized from treatment

of oxadiazole derivative [VI] with an appropriate  aromatic aldehyde

(IU). Struct\lfe of the resulting products have been ascertaim:d by their melting pointS, elemental analysis ( some of them) and spectral data.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Achieving Educational Service Quality by applying international standard (ISO21001:2018) case study / university of technology – electromechanical engineering department – energy branch
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The research examines the mechanism of application of )ISO 21001: 2018( in the Energy Branch- Electromechanical Engineering at the University of Technology to achieve the quality of the educational service to prepare the branch to obtain the certificate of conformity with the requirements of) ISO 21001: 2018(, the necessary data were collected Depending on the (CHEKLIST) of (ISO 21001: 2018), field interviews and records of the concerned department, The researchers reached a number of results, the most prominent of which was the adoption of high quality leadership leaders and their willingness to implement the standard requirements, The university has a basic structure that qualifies it to implement the international standard, as

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2022
Journal Name
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Green Synthesis Of Bimetallic Iron/Copper Nanoparticles Using Ficus Leaves Extract For Removing Orange G(OG) Dye From Aqueous Medium
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This study shows that it is possible to fabricate and characterize green bimetallic nanoparticles using eco-friendly reduction and a capping agent, which is then used for removing the orange G dye (OG) from an aqueous solution. Characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDAX), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) were applied on the resultant bimetallic nanoparticles to ensure the size, and surface area of particles nanoparticles. The results found that the removal efficiency of OG depends on the G‑Fe/Cu‑NPs concentration (0.5-2.0 g.L-1), initial pH (2‑9), OG concentration (10-50 mg.L-1), and temperature (30-50 °C). The batch experiments showed

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 30 2018
Journal Name
Acs Omega
Catalytic Hydrogenation of <i>p</i>-Chloronitrobenzene to <i>p</i>-Chloroaniline Mediated by γ-Mo<sub>2</sub>N
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Promoting the production of industrially important aromatic chloroamines over transition-metal nitrides catalysts has emerged as a prominent theme in catalysis. This contribution provides an insight into the reduction mechanism of p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) to p-chloroaniline (p-CAN) over the γ-Mo2N(111) surface by means of density functional theory calculations. The adsorption energies of various molecularly adsorbed modes of p-CNB were computed. Our findings display that, p-CNB prefers to be adsorbed over two distinct adsorption sites, namely, Mo-hollow face-centered cubic (fcc) and N-hollow hexagonal close-packed (hcp) sites with adsorption energies of −32.1 and −38.5 kcal/mol, respectively. We establish that the activation of nit

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Publication Date
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Journal Name
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Date palm silver nanoparticles are a green synthesis method used as antibacterial agents. Today,
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