In this research a bilateral tin oxide (SnO2) thin films was prepared by Sol-
Gel method, flow coating technique which is considered a simple and cheap
technique. The horizontal sample preparation with and without the use of
installed, and also with installed to vertical sample. Results of optical
spectroscopy that the biggest values of the transmittance T was for horizontal
films with an installed, as for the absorbance A was the biggest values of the
vertical sample. For the reflectivity R was value in the horizontal films with
installed, less than a horizontal films without Sticky as well as for films
vertical. The results of the energy gap Eg for that direct allowed and forbidden
transitions and for the indirect allowed and forbidden transfers for the studied
Samples were also calculated, and they showed that the highest value of Eg was
(3.85eV) for the direct forbidden transfers in the horizontal sample with
installer, while the lowest value of Eg was (3.65eV) for the indirect allowed
transfers without installer. The vertical film with indirect showed the lowest
value for the energy gap ever (3.45eV) for the indirect allowed transitions.
Abstract: The M(II) complexes [M2(phen)2(L)(H2O)2Cl2] in (2:1:2 (M:L:phen) molar ratio, (where M(II) =Mn(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Hg(II), phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; L = 2,2'-(1Z,1'Z)-(biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis(azan-1-yl-1-ylidene))bis(methan-1-yl-1- ylidene)diphenol] were synthesized. The mixed complexes have been prepared and characterized using 1H and13C NMR, UV/Visible, FTIR spectra methods and elemental microanalysis, as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. The metal complexes were tested in vitro against three types of pathogenic bacteria microorganisms: Staphylococcus aurous, Escherichia coli, Bacillussubtilis and Pseudomonasaeroginosa to assess their antimicrobial properties. From this study shows that a
... Show MoreLet R be a commutative ring with unity and an R-submodule N is called semimaximal if and only if
the sufficient conditions of F-submodules to be semimaximal .Also the concepts of (simple , semisimple) F- submodules and quotient F- modules are introduced and given some properties .
(1)
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease causes permanent morbidity, premature mortality and great burden to the healthcare system. Smoking is it's most common risk factor and Spirometry is for diagnosing COPD and monitoring its progression.
Objectives: Early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in symptomatic smokers’ ≥ 40years by spirometry.
Methods: A cross sectional study on all symptomatic smokers aged ≥ 40 years attending ten PHCCs in Baghdad Alkarkh and Alrisafa. Those whose FEV1/FVC was <70% on spirometry; after giving bronchodilator, were considered COPD +ve.
Results: Overall, airway obstruction was seen in
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The main problem when dealing with fuzzy data variables is that it cannot be formed by a model that represents the data through the method of Fuzzy Least Squares Estimator (FLSE) which gives false estimates of the invalidity of the method in the case of the existence of the problem of multicollinearity. To overcome this problem, the Fuzzy Bridge Regression Estimator (FBRE) Method was relied upon to estimate a fuzzy linear regression model by triangular fuzzy numbers. Moreover, the detection of the problem of multicollinearity in the fuzzy data can be done by using Variance Inflation Factor when the inputs variable of the model crisp, output variable, and parameters are fuzzed. The results were compared usin
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The comparison of double informative priors which are assumed for the reliability function of Pareto type I distribution. To estimate the reliability function of Pareto type I distribution by using Bayes estimation, will be used two different kind of information in the Bayes estimation; two different priors have been selected for the parameter of Pareto type I distribution . Assuming distribution of three double prior’s chi- gamma squared distribution, gamma - erlang distribution, and erlang- exponential distribution as double priors. The results of the derivaties of these estimators under the squared error loss function with two different double priors. Using the simulation technique, to compare the performance for
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