The context of multibiometric plays a pivotal role in enhancing an identification system, since a biometric system is now the most physical way of identifying and verifying individuals. The feature of multibiometric could be merged to produce identification information. However, unimodal biometric systems suffer from different types of breaching. Thus, mixing biometrics with cryptography leads to overcome small variations existing between diverse acquisitions of the same biometric in order to produce the robust system. In this paper, a new robust multibiometric system is proposed to create a random key from person multibiometric, facial and fingerprint images which are used simultaneously to produce this key. Several manipulations are made on compactness information for these two images to get a unique key for each person. The generated random key can be used for electronic numbers, passport identification, civil identification card, and it could be used as seeds for pseudo-random number generators. The multi-biometric system operates on two images, faces and fingerprints, by partitioning each image into four parts and taking the highest density for each one, XOR these parts; diffusions process is applied on these parts including permutation and thresholding to produce a random key. The generated key cannot be revocable that passed through randomness tests to ensure whether the generated key is accepted as true. Thus, the results of the tests are passed and presented that all generated keys are accepted to be random and unpredictable binary sequences and hence they can be used efficiently.
This paper describes a new proposed structure of the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller based on modified Elman neural network for the DC-DC buck converter system which is used in battery operation of the portable devices. The Dolphin Echolocation Optimization (DEO) algorithm is considered as a perfect on-line tuning technique therefore, it was used for tuning and obtaining the parameters of the modified Elman neural-PID controller to avoid the local minimum problem during learning the proposed controller. Simulation results show that the best weight parameters of the proposed controller, which are taken from the DEO, lead to find the best action and unsaturated state that will stabilize the Buck converter system performan
... Show MoreA novel design and implementation of a cognitive methodology for the on-line auto-tuning robust PID controller in a real heating system is presented in this paper. The aim of the proposed work is to construct a cognitive control methodology that gives optimal control signal to the heating system, which achieve the following objectives: fast and precise search efficiency in finding the on- line optimal PID controller parameters in order to find the optimal output temperature response for the heating system. The cognitive methodology (CM) consists of three engines: breeding engine based Routh-Hurwitz criterion stability, search engine based particle
swarm optimization (PSO) and aggregation knowledge engine based cultural algorithm (CA)
The optimum balance values for different coefficient of spherical aberration (third and fifth degree also focal shift) were studied, the optical system includes different apertures (circle, ellipse, square and triangle) using point spread function (PSF). By using (Marechal) method; the minimum value of mean square of variance in wave front was founded, so we can get the maximum of central intensity according to (Strehl) criterion.
Low-level microbial activity due to the production of organic acids is a recognized problem during the initial phase of food waste composting. Increasing such activity levels by adjusting the pH values during the initial composting phase is the primary objective to be investigated. In this study, sodium acetate (NaoAc) was introduced as an amendment to an in-vessel composting system. NaoAc was added when the pH of the compost mixture reached a low level (pH < 5), the addition increased pH to 5.8. This had a positive effect on the degradation of organic materials i.e. the formation of methane gas compared to the results without NaoAc addition.
The results also proved that anaerobic-aerobic in-vessel composting could reduce the
... Show MoreMoisture damage is one of the most significant troubles that destroy asphaltic pavement and reduces road serviceability. Recently, academics have noticed a trend to utilize fibers to enhance the efficiency of asphalt pavement. This research explores the effect of low-cost ceramic fiber, which has high tensile strength and a very high thermal insulation coefficient, on the asphalt mixture's characteristics by adding three different proportions (0.75%, 1.5%, and 2.25%). The Marshall test and the Tensile Strength Ratio Test (TSR) were utilized to describe the impact of ceramic fiber on the characteristics of Marshall and the moisture susceptibility of the hot mix asphalt mixture. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microsc
... Show MoreGranular Pile Anchor (GPA) is one of the innovative foundation techniques, devised for mitigating heave of footing resulting from the expansive soils. This research attempts to study the heave behavior of (GPA-Foundation System) in expansive soil. Laboratory tests have been conducted on an experimental model in addition to a series of numerical modeling and analysis using the finite element package PLAXIS software. The effects of different parameters, such as (GPA) length (L) and diameter (D), footing diameter (B), expansive clay layer thickness (H) and presence of non-expansive clay are studied. The results proved the efficiency of (GPA) in reducing the heave of exp
... Show MoreThe imbalances and economic problems which it face the countries, it is a result of international economic developments or changes or global crises such as deterioration in trade, sharp changes in oil prices, increasing global indebtedness, sharp changes in foreign exchange rates and other changes, all that, they affect the economic features of any country. and These influences vary from one country to another according to the rigidity of its economy and its potential in maneuvering with economic plans and actions that would reduce the impact or avoidance with minimal damage. Therefore, the countries that suffer from accumulated economic problems as a result of mismanagement and poor planning or suffe
... Show MoreThe groundwater recharge from rainfall for the main shallow aquifer in the northeastern Missan governorate south of Iraq is investigated via classical and refined chloride mass balance techniques. Application of both techniques reveals that the mean annual groundwater recharge is 0.82 mm/y. The annual recharge received by the aquifer approximately reaches to three million cubic meters after multiply this figure by the area of the study area (about 1856 km2). This figure represents a renewable storage from which a sustainable management of the groundwater reserve could be implemented. The techniques applied are robust, costly-effective, and could be used with other methods such as groundwater table fluctuation method to give a more realis
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