Email is one of the most commonly utilized communication methods. The confidentiality, the integrity and the authenticity are always substantial in communication of the e-mail, mostly in the business utilize. However, these security goals can be ensured only when the cryptography is utilized. Cryptography is a procedure of changing unique data into a configuration with the end goal that it is just perused by the coveted beneficiary. It is utilized to shield data from other individuals for security purposes. Cryptography algorithms can be classified as symmetric and asymmetric methods. Symmetric methods can be classified as stream cipher and block cipher. There are different operation modes provided by the block cipher, these are Cipher Block Chaining (CBC), Output Feedback (OFB), Cipher Feedback (CFB) and Electronic Code Block (ECB). CBC used to complex the cryptographic systems, by using Initialization Vector (IV), Xoring, and encryption with specified key over chain of blocks, but CBC is vulnerable to chosen plaintext attack because the IV is static and vulnerable to chosen ciphertext attack because the encryption method with the key are static. This paper introduce a proposed E-mail messages encryption systems , the proposal based on modified CBC mode operation hybrid with some of techniques exploited in the encryption such as RADG, DNA, RNA and a suggested permutation methods. The proposed modifications applied on the CBC are generate IV randomly, generate key randomly, and propose encryption method, these modifications proposed to avoid the attacks that CBC is vulnerable to.
The control of prostheses and their complexities is one of the greatest challenges limiting wide amputees’ use of upper limb prostheses. The main challenges include the difficulty of extracting signals for controlling the prostheses, limited number of degrees of freedom (DoF), and cost-prohibitive for complex controlling systems. In this study, a real-time hybrid control system, based on electromyography (EMG) and voice commands (VC) is designed to render the prosthesis more dexterous with the ability to accomplish amputee’s daily activities proficiently. The voice and EMG systems were combined in three proposed hybrid strategies, each strategy had different number of movements depending on the combination protocol between voic
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The study was carried out by reinforcing the resin matrix material
which was (Epoxy- Ep828) by useing Kevlar fibers and glass fibers type (E-gl ass) both or them in the form of woven roving and poly propylene tlbcrs in the form chopped strand mats. wi th (30%) volume fraction. Some mechan i cal properties of the were prepared composite specimens U ltraviolet radiation were stuied after being subjected to different weathering conditi ons i ncluded. Compression and hardness testing were carried out using Briel! method so as to compare between composite behavior i n the environments previously mentioned .
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... Show MoreIn this work a hybrid composite materials were prepared containing matrix of polymer (polyethylene PE) reinforced by different reinforcing materials (Alumina powder + Carbon black powder CB + Silica powder). The hybrid composite materials prepared are: • H1 = PE + Al2O3 + CB • H2 = PE + CB + SiO2 • H3 = PE + Al2O3 + CB + SiO2 All samples related to electrical tests were prepared by injection molding process. Mechanical tests include compression with different temperatures and different chemical solutions at different immersion times The mechanical experimentations results were in favour of the samples (H3) with an obvious weakness of the samples (H1) and a decrease of these properties with a rise in temperature and the increasing
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Based on nonlinear self- diffraction technique, the nonlinear optical properties of thin slice of matter can be obtained. Here, nonlinear characterization of nano-fluids consist of hybrid Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes and Silver Nanoparticles (SWCNTs/Ag-NPs) dispersed in acetone at volume fraction of 6x10-6, 9x10-6, 18x10-6 have been investigated experimentally. Therefore, CW DPSS laser at 473 nm focused into a quartz cuvette contains the previous nano-fluid was utilized. The number of diffraction ring patterns (N) has been counted using Charge - Coupled- Device (CCD) camera and Pc with a certain software, in order to find the maximum change of refractive index ( of fluids. Our result show that the fraction volume of 18x10-6 is more nonli
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The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on education models was mainly through the expansion of technology use in the different educational programs. Earlier impact of COVID-19 was manifested in the complete and sudden transition to distance education regardless of institution preparedness status. Gradually, many institutions are moving back to on-campus face-to-face education. However, others including all higher education institutions in Iraq are adopting the hybrid education model. This report presents part of the end of semester evaluation survey conducted at the University of Baghdad College of Pharmacy for the Spring 2021 semester. The survey aims to address points of strength and weakness associated with the hybrid education model and spe
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Global technological advancements drive daily energy consumption, generating additional carbon-induced climate challenges. Modifying process parameters, optimizing design, and employing high-performance working fluids are among the techniques offered by researchers for improving the thermal efficiency of heating and cooling systems. This study investigates the heat transfer enhancement of hybrid “Al2O3-Cu/water” nanofluids flowing in a two-dimensional channel with semicircle ribs. The novelty of this research is in employing semicircle ribs combined with hybrid nanofluids in turbulent flow regimes. A computer modeling approach using a finite volume approach with k-ω shear stress transport turbulence model was used in these simu
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