An optical video communication system is designed and constructed using pulse frequency modulation (PFM) technique. In this work PFM pulses are generated at the transmitter using voltage control oscillator (VCO) of width 50 ns for each pulse. Double frequency, equal width and narrow pulses are produced in the receiver be for demodulation. The use of the frequency doubling technique in such a system results in a narrow transmission bandwidth (25 ns) and high receiver sensitivity.

This research study the effect of Titanium dioxide on the tensile properties of
Polystyrene (PS) and Polycarbonate (PC) polymers. The stress – strain curve for pure PS
and pure PC, shows that Young modulus for PS is higher than Young modulus for PC,
because PS have higher ultimate strength than PC.
The addition of TiO2 to PS and PC will reduce the Young modulus and ultimate stress,
because the TiO2 particles will reduces or freeze the orientation of these molecular chain
and reduced the toughness of PC, while when the TiO2 were added to PS, the value of
toughness will be stabilized because TiO2 particles make these chains interlocked and the
mobility of the chains will be restrict.

Phoenix dactylifera l. pinnae (the green leaves of dates palm) were used as natural reinforcing (strengthening) fibers to improve the mechanical properties of polyester as a matrix material, the fibers of the green leaves of dates palm were used in two lengths, 10 and 20mm with five rates of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20% , where the reinforcing with the leaves fibers increases the hardness strength from 76.5 to be about 86.55 , the Impact value raised from about 0.313 to 0.461 , in addition to that the flexural strength from 2.66 to be about 55 , and the thermal conductivity increases from 2.54 𝑤∕𝑚.℃ to 5.41 𝑤∕𝑚.℃. The results of the present search explains that the composite samples reinforced at rate 20% and 10mm fiber length

In this research Epoxy resin was reinforced by nano alumina (AL2O3) particles in grain size(25-30 nm) with two weight ratios (2,4)% then compared with pure Epoxy. Four mechanical tests were performed on these materials include Hardness, flexural, impact & compression strengths before and after immersion in tap water and chemical solutions (CH3COOH) acid, (KOH) base at (0.5N) ,The diffusivity coefficients of all prepared samples were calculate after immersion in water and chemical solutions mentioned above , the results were showed that the Flexural, Impact & Hardness increase after addition the ceramic particles (AL2O3) while the immersion process results showed illustrated different values from sample to other.

Two grades of paving asphalt with penetration of 46 and 65 are studied for determining changes in their physical and chemical properties caused by ageing.
The ageing process has been conducted on two petroleum paving asphalt cement using thin film oven test at 150, 163 and 175 C, and ageing time 5, 10,15, 20, 25 and 30 hours. The effect of ageing time and temperature on penetration, kinematic viscosity, softening point, solubility in trichloroethylene, heat loss and changes in chemical composition are investigated. The results of thin film oven test process indicte that the asphaltenes concentration of all aged asphalt increases with increasing ageing time, while the opposite was observed for polar-aromatic and naphthene-aromatic. The

Polycrystalline Indium oxide (In2O3) and Indium oxide-zinc oxide (IZO) thin films mixed with 10% ZnO content were prepared by spray-pyrolysis technique at relatively low substrate temperature (150 ˚C).Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) shows that the nanostructure at 10% ZnO content has pyramid like structure. The hall effect measurements show that the prepared samples have n-type charge carriers .The films were examined as gas sensor against H2S gas at different operating temperatures (200, 250 and 300) oC, and it was found that the IZO sample a good sensitivity to H2S gas ~ 572 % at operating temperature 200 oC, with relatively fast response time of 19 s and recovery time of 17

The n-type Au thin films of 500nm thickness was evaporated by thermal evaporation method on p-type silicon wafer of [111] direction to formed Au/Si heterojunction solar cell. The AC conductivity, C-V and I-V characteristics of fabricated c-Au/Si diffusion heterojunction-(HJ) solar cell, has been studied. The first methods demonstrated that the AC conductivity due to with diffusiontunneling mechanism, while the second show that, the heterojunction profile is abrupt, the heterojunction parameters have been played out, such as the depletion width, built-in voltage, and concentration. And finally the third one show that the c-Au/Si HJ has rectification properties, and the solar cell yielded an open circuit voltage of (Vic) 0.4V, short circuit c

  The Nano compound (Ba1-xSrxTiO3) as (X=0,0.26,0.28,0.30,0.32,0.34) was synthesized by using sol-gel method, the structural properties of result compound were studied by using xray diffraction test (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). the results were exhibited and by using software indexing to x-ray diffraction pattern that all prepared samples possess tetragonal phase and there is not any other phases were existed. also the substitution  process didn't change the phase of compound and increase in (Sr+2) ion concentration leads to decrease lattice parameters (a,c) then the unite cell volume was decreased, as the particle size calculated from Debye-Scherrer and Williamson-Hall  equations , and the calculated dens

In the present study, a pressure drop technique was used to identify the phase inversion point of oil-in-water to water-in-oil flows through a horizontal pipe and to study the effect of additives (nanoparticles, cationic surfactant and blend  nanoparticles-surfactant) on the critical dispersed volume fraction (phase inversion point). The measurements were carried  for mixture velocity ranges from 0.8 m/sec to 2.3 m/sec. The results showed that at low mixture velocity 0.8 and 1 m/sec there is no effect of additives and velocity on phase inversion point, while at high mixture velocities the phase inversion point for nanoparticles and blend (nanoparticles/surfactant) systems was delayed (postponed) to a higher value of the dispers

         Effects of Boron on the structure of chloroplasts membrane isolated from cauliflower are investigated , using light scattering technique. Results obtained in this study suggest that Boron in the concentration range (0.1-5 µm) can fluidize the lipids of the chloroplast membrane due to different extent. Mechanisms by which Boron can change the lipid fluidity is discussed. Furthermore, an experimental evidence is presented to show that2µM Boron can mediate conformational changes in the membrane –bound proteins of the cauliflower’s chloroplast.