Iraq has a range of small and large marshes, which can be divided into two groups, a group of marshes feeding water from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and a group of marshes fed by the seasonal valleys coming from the desert plateau and the aljazera plateau.

The marshes have go through major changes, some of them turning into industrial lakes to store the flood waters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Others have been dried up and turned into agricultural land. Others have dried up and the water has been returned to them in less quantities than before.

The purpose of this research is to but light on the changes that have occurred in these marshes, with the mention of marshes turned into industrial lakes or agricultur

أدى التغير السريع في البيئة الخارجية للمنظمة إلى  ظهور حالة من التنافس الشديد مما زاد تخوف الشركات من فقدان الحصة السوقية والخسارة . مما حدا بالمنظمات إلى الاهتمام بوجود مدير يحمل صفات وخصائص قيادية لما فيه من ميزات في تنظيم الإنتاج  ومقابلة الطلب وتقليل التكاليف وتطوير الأداء للحصول على ميزة تنافسية تحافظ او تزيد من حصتها السوقية وإرباحها .

تسعى الدراسة الى تحديد عدد من الاهداف كان اهمها معرفة الع

This work is the first study of the Curculionoidea fauna from Kurdistan region of Iraq, based on the intensive survey in different localities of Kurdistan from March 2016 to November 2017. In total, 41 species belonging to 28 genera, 21 tribes and 3 families were collected and identified, including 25 species newly recorded for the Iraqi fauna.

General distribution, collecting localities and methods, with plant association data for each species are given.

This qualitative study was conducted on eight types of commercial baking yeast which available in local markets to estimate their fermentation activity as affecting the Bread industry and the impact of the salt added to DoughLeavening, The results showed a great variation in the fermentation capacity of yeast samples (their role in swelling the dough), most notably the sample value Y3 and least sample Y7 and reached 80% and 20% respectively, and the value of Leavening by using the two types of yeast with addition of three levels of salt (0 , 1 and 2%) have 20.0 , 19.7 and 15.7 of the sample Y3, compared with 10.5 , 10.3 and 8.8 of the sample Y7 for each of the levels of salt respectively, reflect

 The search aims to clarify pollution to negative effects on environment and to an increasing in the dangerous polluted materials that discharged out these factories. To make active procedures in order to limit the environmental pollution.   

 The search problem came from an assumption which has the researched factory is suffering from the lack of applying the international specification      ( ISO 14004 ). The research problem assimilated by these questions:

1. What is the level or organization in thinking of environmental system according to ISO 14004 .
2. What are the requirements used in researched factor

The research aims to investigate the existence of a direct causal relationship between selected agricultural variables: agricultural output (as a representative of growth in the agricultural sector), agricultural terms of trade as a completely new variable in agricultural studies in recent years, agricultural labour which is an important part in the total workforce for Iraq, and finally, agricultural investment because of its importance and vital role in the production process, creating job opportunities, and then raising the level of employment, then it's role to achieving agricultural growth and development. For this purpose, the researchers used the Toda-Yamamoto causality methodology for a time series covering from 1990 to 2019. The res

The study aimed to analyze the relationship between the internal public debt and the public budget deficit in Iraq during the period 2010–2020 using descriptive and analytical approaches to the data of the financial phenomenon. Furthermore, to track the development of public debt and the percentage of its contribution to the public budget of Iraq during the study period. The study showed that the origin of the debt with its benefits consumes a large proportion of oil revenues through what is deducted from these revenues to pay the principal debt with interest, which hinders the development process in the country. It has been shownthat although there was a surplus in some years of study, it was not

creating unique exercises utilizing a teaching approach that works with the research sample, determining how special exercises affect the development of torso flexibility, and determining how special exercises affect the development of bow ability. Activate the search The results of the pre- and post-tests for the control and experimental research groups show a statistically significant association that is favoring the post-test in the development of bow skill performance Using the experimental technique, the researcher set up one group and gave them two tests (pre and post) based on scientific theories that made sense for the topic at hand. Forty adolescent wrestlers from the Adhamiya Club in the Baghdad Governorate were recognized

This research a study model of linear regression problem of autocorrelation of random error is spread when a normal distribution as used in linear regression analysis for relationship between variables and through this relationship can predict the value of a variable with the values of other variables, and was comparing methods (method of least squares, method of the average un-weighted, Thiel method and Laplace method) using the mean square error (MSE) boxes and simulation and the study included fore sizes of samples (15, 30, 60, 100). The results showed that the least-squares method is best, applying the fore methods of buckwheat production data and the cultivated area of the provinces of Iraq for years (2010), (2011), (2012),