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Role of oqxA and oqxB Genes in the Development of Multidrug Resistant Phenotype among Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Various Cases
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This study investigated the prevalence of oqxA and oqxB genes and their effective roles in the development of multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Out of 150 clinical samples, 50 (33%) isolates were recognized as K. pneumoniae according to the morphological and biochemical properties. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay revealed that the resistance values of the isolates were 43 (86%) against ceftriaxone (4- ≥64 µg/ml), 42 (84%) against ceftazidime (16- ≥64 µg/ml), 41 (82%) against cefepime (≥16 µg/ml), 21 (42%) against ertapenem (≥8 µg/ml), 18 (36%) against imipenem (4- ≥16 µg/ml), 15 (30%) against ciprofloxacin (≥4 µg/ml), 11 (22%) against levofloxacin (≥8 µg/ml), 45 (90%) against nitrofurantoin (128- ≥512 µg/ml), 36 (72%) against trimethoprime-sulfamethoxazole (≥320 µg/ml), and 4 (8%) against tigecycline (≥8 µg/ml). Genotype detection revealed that oqxA was found in 48 (96%) of K. pneumoniae isolates, whereas oqxB was found in 6 (12%) isolates. The MDR phenotype was observed in 40 (80%) isolates, of which 38 (95%) were harbored oqxA and/or oqxB genes. DNA sequencing of oqxA revealed the presence of three silent mutations. The phylogenetic tree of oqxA variants showed a significant deviation of these variants from K. pneumoniae species. The high prevalence of oqxA among K. pneumoniae isolates may contribute to the reduction of their susceptibility to multiple antimicrobial agents.

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Extraction and Partial Purification of Lipopolysaccharide from Clinical Proteus mirabilis Isolate and Compared with Standard Bacteria
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Ninety five samples were collected from different samples (urine, ear and wounds swaps), from hospitals in Baghdad city. The results of cultural, microscopic , biochemical tests indicated that in urine samples E.coli have high occurrence frequency 19 (47.5%) followed by Proteus mirabilis 18(45%) and Klebsiella species 1 (2.5%), while in wounds samples each of Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus mirabilis 10 (25%) , then followed by E.coli with 5 (12.5%) and Klebsiella species 3 (7.5%). Ear swaps samples revealed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7 (46%) was the major bacterium followed by Proteus mirabilis 4(26.6).Sensitivity test against eleven antimicrobial agents was done for all of the Proteus mirabilis isolates (32 isolates). The results display

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 25 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Evaluating the Activity of Ultrasound on Biofilm Formation by Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from clinical Specimens
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Acinetobacter baumannii received attention for its multi-drug resistant associated with many severe infections and outbreaks in clinical environment. The aims of the study are to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profile of clinically isolated A. baumannii, biofilm production, and the efficiency of Low Frequency Ultrasound (LFU) and honey to attenuate biofilm production. A total of 100 samples were taken from different sources from Baghdad hospitals. The susceptibility patterns revealed the percentage of pan drug resistant (PDR) isolates were 1.5 %, 72.7 % were extended drug resistant (XDR), 16.7 % were multidrug resistant (MDR), and 9.1 % were non MDR and sensitive to most antibiotics used. The ability to form

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Economic Evaluation of Various Production Scenarios for Zubair Reservoir in the Kifl Field
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This work evaluates the economic feasibility of various production scenarios for the Zubair reservoir in the Kifl oil field using cash flow and net present value (NPV) calculations. The Kifl field is an exploratory field that has not yet been developed or assessed economically. The first well was drilled in 1960, and three other wells were later drilled to assess the oil accumulation, so in this research, Different production scenarios were evaluated economically. These scenarios were proposed based on the reservoir model of the Zubair formation in the field. The research methodology used QUE$TOR software to estimate capital expenditures (CapEx) and operating expenditures (OpEx) based on field-level data, production prof

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of GRI standards in reporting the dimensions of sustainable development - An applied study in a number of local companies on the Iraq Stock Exchange
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The current research aims to shed light on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), which helps to report financial and non-financial information by economic units in general and listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange in particular. The research was based on a main premise that apply the criteria of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) would provide useful information to users to help them make appropriate decisions. To achieve the goal of the research, the descriptive analysis method was used, and quantitative analysis was used. At the level of the descriptive analysis method, a desk survey was conducted. As for the quantitative analysis, it relied on applied data through a questionnaire form (Questioners) as a research tool, and the

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 26 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Potential use of Dry Metallic Copper and Colloidal silver solution to reduce survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from healthcare environment
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of dry metallic copper and colloidal silver solution to reduce the viability of P.aeruginosa isolates compared with stainless steel as a control. Three clinical isolates of P.aeruginosa (108, 110 and 111 ) which were multi antibiotics resistant tested by inoculating 107 CFU/ml on to coupons( 1cm x 1cm) of copper and stainless steel and incubated at room temperature for various time periods ranging from 30minutes up to 180 minutes .Bacterial viability was determined by plate viable count CFU/ml. The results on copper coupons shows complete killing of isolates after 120 min in contrast to stainless steel, viable organisms were detected after 180 min, indicating a significant P value

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Publication Date
Mon May 15 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Isolation, identification and treatment of Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis
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Out of Hundred clinical samples, taken from different sources include burn, blood , wound and nasal swabs infections ; 90 isolates developed growth on mannitol salt agar. Among these, 40 (44.4%) were Coagulase positive (Staphylococcus aureus) isolates and 50 (55.5%)belong to coagulase negative staphylococci, in which the last Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates were 30(60%).Antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates to 12 antibiotics were determined using disc diffusion method . The results revealed that high resistance to Penecillin G10 and Amoxiclav (Amoxicillin- clavulanic acid) ( 100%) and the high sensitivity to Imipenim (95%). The pattern of minimum inhibitory concentration of S.epidermidis isolates to vancomy

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 09 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Impact Cloud Computing On The Development of Accounting Education: Evidence From Sultanate of Oman
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Cloud computing is the new technological trend for future generations. It represents a new way to use IT resources more efficiently. Cloud computing is one of the most technological models for developing and exploiting infrastructure resources in the world. Under the cloud, the user no longer needs to look for major financing to purchase infrastructure equipment as companies, especially small and medium-sized ones, can get the equipment as a service, rather than buying it as a product. The idea of ​​cloud computing dates back to the sixties of the last century, but this idea did not come into actual application until the beginning of the third millennium, at the hands of technology companies such as Apple, Hp, IBM, which had

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 16 2021
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Statistic Assessment of Spreading Cases (Total Confirmed, Recovered, Death) From Different AreasContain Novel Coronavirus (2019-n Cov)
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 03 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The Chinese-Russian role towards the Iranian nuclear program)An analytical study of formation and development according to international variables and future prospects(
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The Iranian nuclear program was one of the most prominent issues in the international arena, in light of Iran's insistence on using it in various ways, and according to international changes, it came under pressure from the American side to impose packages of sanctions, which continued to our time, as it went to Russia and China to gain support in developing its nuclear activities. And, by virtue of the common interests that are linked between them, Iran has received great support from the last two countries in all fields to reach the final agreement in 2015, regarding asserting the peace of these activities, in addition to lifting all restrictions represented in the previous sanctions according to the Security Council resolutions, Aldo

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 02 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The effectiveness of educational design design according to the theory of Ozbal in the acquisition of geographical concepts among the pupils of the fourth primary in the geography and development of their habits of mind
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Summary The objective of the research is to learn the design of a learning educational learning according to the theory of Ausubel in the acquisition of geographical concepts among the students of the fourth primary in the field of geography and the development of their habits of mind. To achieve this, the researcher relied on the two hypotheses the researcher used the design of equal groups the first experimental group was studied according to the design educational educational learning according to the theory and the other is an officer according to the traditional method. The research community consists of fourth grade pupils in primary school day for girls in the Directorate of Education Baghdad, Al-Rusafa, the third academic year 20

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