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Efficiency of Plant Active Compounds as Anti-Adhesion Factors for Clinical Candida albicans Isolates in vitro
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The aim of this study is the determination of the anti-adhesion activity of active compounds extracted from plants in the inhibition of adhesion ability of C. albicans that is used as a virulence factor for infection. Adherence to host surfaces is a primary factor in the colonization of human tissues by fungi, which can also adhere to the surfaces of medical devices and form biofilms. Medicinal plants possess therapeutic properties or beneficial pharmacological effects on the body. A total of one hundred samples were collected from female patients with vaginal infection in two hospitals in Baghdad city for three months. The fungi were isolated and identified by microscopic morphology, morphological features on culture media, and Vital Index of Traditional Environmental Knowledge (VITEK 2) System. Extraction and purification of plant active compounds, vasicine from Adhatoda vasica and gallic acid from Punica granatum L. , were performed. The active compounds were used as anti-adhesion factors and the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) against Candida albicans was determined. We also used the antifungal drug fluconazole for comparison as a control. The results of  vaginal discharge characterization  of clinical samples showed that 30% of the infections are caused by fungi (100% were Candida albicans), 47% by Gram negative bacteria, and 23% by Gram positive bacteria. The results of MIC assays showed that the plant extract and the antifungal drug do not seem to have fungicidal effects on the isolates of C. albicans tested. The ability of C. albicans isolates for adhesion to the epithelial cells was detected by the calculation of the number of adherent C. albicans cells under light microscope. The activity of vasicin and gallic acid appeared to be approximately equal on the number of C. albicans adherent on epithelial cells. Vasicin concentration activity used in mg/ ml was higher than that used in µg/ ml, with  less numbers of C. albicans adhered on epithelial cell. However, treatment with fluconazole showed that more than half of the number of C. albicans were non-adherent on epithelial cells when added to the suspension, in contrast to the control (C. albicans without the extracts or antifungal drug).

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 05 2023
Journal Name
Communications In Mathematical Biology And Neuroscience
THE DYNAMICS OF A STAGE-STRUCTURE PREY-PREDATOR MODEL WITH HUNTING COOPERATION AND ANTI-PREDATOR BEHAVIOR
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The mathematical construction of an ecological model with a prey-predator relationship was done. It presumed that the prey consisted of a stage structure of juveniles and adults. While the adult prey species had the power to fight off the predator, the predator, and juvenile prey worked together to hunt them. Additionally, the effect of the harvest was considered on the prey. All the solution’s properties were discussed. All potential equilibrium points' local stability was tested. The prerequisites for persistence were established. Global stability was investigated using Lyapunov methods. It was found that the system underwent a saddle-node bifurcation near the coexistence equilibrium point while exhibiting a transcritical bifurcation

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Global Pharma Technology
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Study of New 4-Thiazolidinone and Tetrazole Compounds Derived from Thiosemicarbazone and Hydrazones
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A new 4-thiazolidinone, substitutedbenzylidene-thiazolidinone and tetrazole were synthesized from thiosemicarbazone and hydrazone. The thiosemicarbazone was prepared by the reaction of thiosemicarbazide with aldehyde derivative from L-ascorbic acid in absolute ethanol using glacial acetic acid as a catalyst. 1, 3-thiazolidin-4-ones were synthesized from the condensation of thiosemicarbazones with chloroacetic acid in presence of anhydrous sodium acetate. A 1, 3- thiazolidine-4-one was reaction with several 4-substitutedaldehydes to produce new derivatives with a double bond at the position-5 of the 4-thiazolidinone ring. While the tetrazole compounds were synthesized by 1, 3-cycloaddition reaction of sodium azide and hydrazone compounds in

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Comparison of the inhibitory effect of the alcoholic extract of pomegranate peel and antibiotics against some intestinal bacterial isolates
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This research included isolation of 18 bacterial isolates from children stool with diarrhea and acute bloody water and under the age of five, if possible get a 9 isolates of the bacterium Escherichia coli and 5 isolates of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium and 4 isolation of the bacterium Shigella flexneri, subjected all of these isolates tests AGRO and microscopic and biochemical and diagnosed using Vitek2 system. Tested the effectiveness of inhibitory extract alcohol to peel pomegranate Punica granatum L. in the growth of isolates bacterial intestinal and using the diffusion method in drilling Well diffusion as well as determine the focus damper Near Minimum inhibitory concentration MIC and focus killer Near Minimal bactericidal con

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-qadisiyah Journal Of Pure Science
Review On Elucidation Of The Risk Factors Associated With The Prevalence Of Coccidiosis In Buffaloes
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The research was performed in order to investigate the prevalence of Eimeria spp in buffalo. Coccidiosis, is a common livestock disease include water buffaloes and nothing is known about the most pathogenic species of Eimeria. Since the highest prevalence of oocyst shedding and incidence of disease occurs in buffalo calves less than one year of age. The omnipresent occurrence and negative effects of the infection on health and buffalo growth output are taken into account. Therefore, both farmers and veterinarians should pay greater attention to infections with Eimeria spp. And there is little analysis of data reported in Iraq and the world regarding Eimeria infection in river buffalo spp.

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Role of Project Health Check Reports in Identifying Indicative Factors of a Troubled Project
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Government-sponsored projects in Iraq significantly improve the economic situation and provide services but face high rates of troubling blocks. This work aims to identify indicative factors of the Troubled Project using periodic health check reports based on a literature review and interviews with Iraqi experts. As a result, a questionnaire was prepared that included four sections. The first is personal information; the second section is information about knowing the level of institutions’ implementation of project management through prepared documents. The third section is about indicative factors for the project's trouble, including 25 workers; the fourth section is about the questions in the periodic reports to che

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis, Characterization and Study of The Liquid Crystalline Behavior of Four and Six Heterocyclic Compounds
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The new compounds synthesized by sequence reactions starting from a reaction of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with 1,5-dibromo pentane to produce dialdehyde)I( .Then compound )I( reacted with different aromatic amines to give schiff bases )IIIV(,thereafter added acetyl chloride to schiff bases to yield N-acyl derivatives)VVII(.While1,3-diazetine derivatives)VIII-X( were synthesized from the reaction of N-acyl derivatives with sodium azide.The reaction of thiourea with N-acyl compounds led to formation of thiourea derivatives (XI-XIII).Finally, the pyrimidine compounds )XIV-XVI( were synthesized by ring closure reaction of compounds(XIXIII) with diethyl malonate.The synthesized compounds were characterized by measurements of melting points,FTIR,1H-N

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 28 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis, Characterization and Study of The Liquid Crystalline Behavior of Four and Six Heterocyclic Compounds
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The new compounds synthesized by sequence reactions starting from a reaction of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with 1,5-dibromo pentane to produce dialdehyde)I(
.Then compound )I( reacted with different aromatic amines to give schiff bases )II-IV(,thereafter added acetyl chloride to schiff bases to yield N-acyl derivatives)V-VII(.While1,3-diazetine derivatives)VIII-X( were synthesized from the reaction of N-acyl derivatives with sodium azide.The reaction of thiourea with N-acyl compounds led to formation of thiourea derivatives (XI-XIII).Finally, the pyrimidine compounds )XIV-XVI( were synthesized by ring closure reaction of compounds(XI-XIII) with diethyl malonate.The synthesized compounds were characterized by measurements of melting points,

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 24 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Using The Ultrasonic Waves For Studying Thermal And Elastic Properties as a Function of Porosity in Sintered ceramic
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Ultrasonic pulse echo measurements on porous alumina as ceramic

material with porosities ranging from (20-40)% showed effect of volume

fraction of porosity on both thermal and elastic properties. A quadratic relationships, by using a least squares method, is deduced for the dependence of the shear velocity, longitudinal velocity, shear modulus, Young's modulus,  bulk  modulus, Poisson 's ratio, Debye temperature, specific heat, and thermal conductivity on the total  porosity. By these relationships,  the  thermal  and  elastic  properties  results  of  pore-free alumina  were  calculated.  The  elastic  properties  results  of  

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Peaceful settlement as a means of preventing tax: An applied research in the General Commission for Taxation evasion
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The reconciliation of tax reconciliation is one of the legal methods used by the financial authority in Iraq, which is done with the taxpayer

The research dealt with the weakness of tax revenues for many reasons, including tax evasion, which led to the search for ways to reduce evasion to increase the tax revenue, and settlement reconciliation one of these means .

The research proceeded from the premise that the use of a more broadly settled settlement would govern the tax evasion of taxpayers.

The researchers used a series of studies and previous research, books and other sources related to the subject of research, and this was done through the theoretical framework, and the practical aspect that included the fin

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Physical Chemistry Research
Exploring the Potential of Quantum Chemical Calculations for Synthesized Quinazoline Derivatives as Superior Corrosion Inhibitors in Acidic Environment
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Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a substance that is frequently utilized in industrial operations for important tasks such as chemical cleaning and pickling metallic surfaces.Therefore, the corrosion inhibition ability of three newly synthesized quinazoline derivatives namely, 3-allyl-2-(propylthio) quinazolin-4(3H)-one) (APQ), (3-allyl-2-(allylthio) quinazolin-4(3H)-one) (AAQ), (3-allyl- 2-( Prop -2-yn -1-ylthio) Quinazolin - 4 (3H) - one) (AYQ) were theoretically determined and these compounds were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic. A series of quantum chemical properties of these derivatives: EHOMO, ELUMO, energy gap (ΔE),dipole moment (μ), hardness (η), soft

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