A total of 157 clinical samples were collected from different clinical specimens (urine, sputum, blood, swabs, and cannula) from several hospitals in Iraq. Among the samples, 51 isolates (32.48%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified according to morphologicaland cultural characteristics as well as the Enterosystem 18R test. Higher numbers of K. pneumoniae isolates were observed in urine samples (26, 52%) than the other samples, and in females (70.6%) than males (29.4%) (female: male ratio of about 2.4:1). Antibiotic susceptibility of K. pneumoniae against 12 commonly used antibiotics was determined through the disc-diffusion method. The results revealed a higher resistance rate in 51 isolates (100%) against Cephalexin, followed by Ceftazidime (50, 98%), while the lowest resistance rate (24, 47%) was against each of Imipenem and Meropenem. Also, the investigation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Colistin using E-test (strips) demonstrated that 33 isolates were resistance, as compared to 31 using the disk diffusion assay. DNA was extracted from K. pneumoniae isolates and molecularly tested using polymerase chain technique (PCR) with a specific primer and 108 bp product to detect the rpoB gene that represents this bacteria . Also, all of the 51 isolates of K. pneumoniae identified by the rpoB gene were detected for the expression of the Colistin drug resistance gene mgr-B , which was amplified (347 bp) using a specific primer. Colistin resistance gene mgr-B was amplified and sequenced from the twenty isolates. Only 6 isolates appeared with a single nucleotide substitution; G instead A, A instead G, C instead G and G instead C. Also, this study tested biofilm formation from K. pneumoniae isolates , using the microtiter plate method, in association with Colistin and Carbapenem resistant. The Colistin and Carbapenem resistance pattern was compared to the ability of biofilm-formation as weak formation versus strong and also, Multi-drug resistant isolates were more common among weak versus strong biofilm formers.
Abstract
Among the things that have happened and that have emerged from the developments in society is the phenomenon of dairy banks, where institutions collect milk from donating mothers or sellers of milk and benefit from it by sterilizing and selling it.
This topic is considered one of the important topics, as Islam considers breastfeeding as a link as well as parentage, and it has the same genealogy as the spread of sanctity. Therefore, Imamate jurists addressed this topic with research despite its absence in Islamic societies.
The importance of r
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This research sheds light on the major sins (fornication and sodomy) as two crimes that are prohibited by the divine laws, including its conclusion by the Islamic Sharia. Major sins so that life and the universe are organized, and the individual lives a life of chastity and purity free of filth and filth. The Islamic message included a set of preventive measures and remedial methods that, if the ummah were to apply them, they would live a decent life full of noble goals.
The study area is located in the south-eastern part of AL- Anbar province, between latitudes (31˚02ˉ00˭ -33˚03ˉ00˭) north and longitudes (40˚02ˉ00˭ -43˚04ˉ00˭) to the east. The research studied predictive mathematical Model of groundwater within Umm-Er Radhuma Formation and by (44) wells distributed randomly within the boundaries of the study area, all of them fall within the unconfined aquifer. Through the operating of wells on the time of (30) day and taking the operating results of each (5) days, results showed that the drawdown in groundwater levels values ranged from (13) cm after running the model for a period of 5 days and (120) cm after running Model for thirty days. And the drawdown values are concentrated near wells
... Show Morefhe .rudy has shad a light on the abi_ lity Qf aq,ueous. extract of
Mairlr:aria chamomile ibr eliminating growth of miconazole. .resistant
muta.nt of Candida albk·afzy. whi-ch i:,solated from . human. ruiil and vagina ;Tfl- inimJ.tJTI inhibition cohc!:lhtra_tion (MIC) is l6 Jrl'g/n: l. Spon-taneous tesistant .mutatiqns-.fot mic-onazole were also is:ola ed by using sp 1-f.g/ml of rni:comlzoJeThis ::onc ntrf}:ti:o:n is five times more than the MIC .Different c<:n'lcentnrtlo·ns. of aqu pus e trac.t of Mchr:ztno}Jiile'Â
... Show MoreIn this contribution new oxazepine compounds containing azo group were preppared. In the firststep,4-(dimethylamino)-3-((4-methoxy phenyl) diazenyl) benzaldehyde [Z] was synthesised by using 4-methoxyaniline. The second step was the condensation reaction between aldehyde group of the azo compound [Z] and
different primary aromatic amines [4-hydroxyaniline, 4-chloroaniline and 4-amino- N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) benzenesulfonamide] to yield new azo Schiff bases compounds [A1-A3] respectively. In the final step, oxazepine compounds [B1-B3] and [B4-B6] were prepared from reaction imines compounds [A1-A3] with maleic anhydride and phathalic anhydride in dry benzene respectively. All these derivatives were c
A critical milestone in nano-biotechnology is establishing reliable and ecological friendly methods for fabricating metal oxide NPs. Because of their great biodegradable, electrical, mechanical, and optical qualities, zirconia NPs (ZrO2NPs) attract much interest among all zirconia NPs (ZrO2NPs). Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) has piqued the interest of researchers throughout the world, particularly since the development of methods for the manufacture of nano-sized particles. An extensive study into the creation of nanoparticles utilizing various synthetic techniques and their potential uses has been stimulated by their high luminous efficiency, wide bandgap, and high exciton binding energy. Zirconium dioxide nano
... Show MoreSolar energy has significant advantages compared to conventional sources such as coal and natural gas, including no emissions, no need for fuel, and the potential for installation in a wide range of locations with access to sunlight. In this investigation, heterocyclic derivatives were synthesized from several porphyrin derivatives (4,4',4",4"'-(porphyrin-5,10,15,20-tetrayl) tetra benzoic acid) compound (3), obtained by reaction Pyrrole with 4-formyl benzoic acid. Subsequently, porphyrin derivative-component amides 5a, 5b, and 5c were produced by reacting compound (3) with amine derivatives at a 1:4 molar ratio. These derivatives exhibited varying sensitivities for utilization in solar cells, with compound 5a displaying the highest power
... Show MoreGender has considered and become a new trend in women's studies, as it reflects the behaviors, roles and attitudes imposed by society on its members in accordance with their biological nature,with focusing on gender rather than on concentration on women, which is closely linked to the vision that concentrates on women's problems which are not primarily according to their biological differences But rather to a greater extent to social, cultural, historical and religious barriers and Obstacles.
Therefore, the qualitative division due to the concept of "gender" is not a rigid biological division, but is relied on the broad general context through which the social division of work is done. Thus, content in the pages of Facebook with high-
تهدف الدراسة إلى استعراض ظهور كراسي اليونسكو في الجامعات العراقية والأنشطة التي تم تنفيذها لتحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة، حيث تم إنشاء كل كرسي لتحقيق أحد هذه الأهداف التي تركت أثرها على بعض القطاعات التعليمية والاجتماعية ، وبالتالي تنبع أهمية الدراسة من الحاجة إلى الإشارة إلى إنشاء كراسي اليونسكو في الجامعات العراقية والأنشطة التي عززت إنشائها ونشاطها ومبادراتها المحلية والدولية, وكذلك تحديد ما حقق
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