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Speculative Carcinogenicity Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Found in Some Anti-Diarrheal Herbal Drugs Sold in Ondo State of Nigeria
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The conviction that herbal drugs have enormous health benefits has led to increase the rate of their consumption by Nigerians. The aim of this study was to assess the carcinogenic property of some popularly consumed anti-diarrheal herbal drugs via polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) quantification. Three prevalent anti-diarrhea herbal drugs , Odunmo herbal drug (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Bacopamonnieri), Orogun herbal mixture (Hibiscus sabdariffaI and Hedera helix), and Alora herbal syrup (Aloe vera and Hibiscus sabdariffaI) were bought for the purpose of this study and they were coded as samples A, B, and C, respectively. The ultrasonic extraction of the herbal drugs was carried out using standard procedures. The crude extracts obtained were purified using a chromatographic method. The concentrations of PAHs were quantified using gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GCFID). The diagnostic indices, group distribution, toxicity equivalence and exposure dosage were estimated. The cancer risk values were theoretically speculated based on concentrations of PAHs in the tested herbal drugs, associated with the published estimates of each concentration to cause cancer and the calculated exposure doses of the anti-diarrhea herbal drug samples were within three age groups (children, Preteen and adult). The highest concentration of total PAHs was observed in sample A (58.2815mg/kg) and the lowest concentration in sample B (44.1898mg/kg), but the concentration of total PAHs in sample C was 47.4169 mg/kg. The highest percentage of carcinogenic PAHs in the anti-diarrheal herbal drugs was found in sample C (48.66%) and the lowest in sample B (38.17%). The diagnostic indices confirmed a pyrogenic source of PAHs. Group distribution of PAHs showed that the herbal drugs are weakly carcinogenic due to high concentrations of low and moderate molecular weight PAHs. The cancer risk estimated for all the age groups where below the limit established by the United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for cancer (1 x 10-6). This ascertained that the use of these herbal drugs cannot cause cancer. However, consumers of these herbal drugs should take necessary precautions as excessive intake can lead to dangerous health implications.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology
Environmental Impact Assessment for Industrial Organizations Using Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix
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Publication Date
Sun Nov 15 2020
Journal Name
​​​​arabian Journal Of Scientific Research
Isolation and characterization of Candida glabrata from clinical specimens in some hospitals in Baghdad
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This study aimed for isolation and identification of Candida glabrata and identifying some virulence factors. The distribution of patients with candidemia thrush showed that the age group 50-65 years old recorded the highest incidence of candidiasis in female and male with leukemia by 50% and 37.9 % respectively compared to the lowest incidence of candidiasis in the age group under 17 years old in female and male 8.8% and 13.5%, respectively. While the age group between 5-8 years was high, reaching 18 cases of oral candidiasis and 42% of children with leukemia compared with the age group, which was the least, that reached 9 cases, 21%. The highest incidence of C. glabrata was 59 isolates of females and males with leukemia, while C. kefyer w

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 06 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effect of Increased Correction in Modifying Some Improper Eating Habits in Malnourished Children
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Not necessarily to be malnutrition is a result of poverty and lack of food, it may be the outcome of the wrong food practices; and the lack of knowledge in nutrition basis and chronic diseases. Some studies have confirmed that the more the knowledge in nutrition basis increased, the more the child has well-balanced food.

Unhealthy eating habits spread among children at an early age, which is one of the negative factors affecting the nutritional status they have causing various disorders as a result of lack or increase of food or lack of balance. The signs and symptoms of these disorders can be simple or can lead to deadly diseases.

Training children on proper eating habits in different fields of life is considered the mos

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Trichomes Morphological Diversity in Some Species from Related Tribes of Asteraceae Family in Iraq
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      This study includedepidermal appendages characters of ten species belongingto the familyAsteraceae.Most of the studied species are characterized by eglandular, glandular, trichomesand papillae which are variable according to itskind, number of cells, shape, dimensions, characteristicsof surrounding cells, wall thickness and the position. Results showed that all species included glandular and eglandulartrichomes exceptCosmos bipinnatus, Ecliptaprostrate, andEupatoriumcannabinum that lacked in glandular trichomes and were based on their specific details.Trichomes were divided into different groups. The glandular ones involved sessile glandular or group multicellular and the head wasmace-shaped or round

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of the Clenbuterol drug in some physiological parameters in male rabbits(Oryctolagus cuniculs)
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This study was designed to investigate the effect of the Clenbuterol drug in some physiological parameters of Liver, Kidney function and lipidprofie concentration. Fourty adult male rabbits were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into four groups,the first group was given distilled water (control) ,while the other third groups were given (2,4,6 µg/kg) of Clenbuterol drug for 30 days. Blood samples were collected after 14 and 30 days of the treatment for biochemical study. Drug caused non significant increase(P<0.05)in the AST and ALT enzymeactivity in second and third groups during treatment period ,while we note a significant increase(P<0.05) in both AST,ALT enzyme level in fourth group compared with control group , as

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 07 2016
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Jour. For Pure & Appl. Sci.
Determination of Some Trace Element Levels in Iraqi Male patients with Colorectal Cancer
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Alterations of trace element concentrations adversely affect biological processes and could promote carcinogenesis. Trace element deficiency or excess is implicated in the development or progression of some cancers like colorectal cancer. The aim of the present study was to compare the serum copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in patients with colorectal cancer from Iraqi male patient with those of healthy subjects. During the period of March 2015 until august 2015, a total of 25 patients with metastatic colon cancer and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled from the Al-Kadhimia Teaching Hospital after the diagnosis using a histopathological examination for the malignant tumor; their age was between (38-60) years. Higher levels o

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 11 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Determination of Some Trace Element Levels in Iraqi Male patients with Colorectal Cancer
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   Alterations of trace element concentrations adversely affect biological processes and could promote carcinogenesis. Trace element deficiency or excess is implicated in the development or progression of some cancers like colorectal cancer. The aim of the present study was to compare the serum copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in patients with colorectal cancer from Iraqi male patient with those of healthy subjects. During the period of March 2015 until august 2015, a total of 25 patients with metastatic colon cancer and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled from the Al-Kadhimia Teaching Hospital after the diagnosis using a histopathological examination for the malignant tumor; their age was between (38-60) years. Higher

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of accounting disclosure in granting bank financing A field study ona sample of banks operating in the state of Gezira 2022 AD: (دراسة ميدانية على عينة من المصارف العاملة في ولاية الجزيرة 2022م)
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                 The aim of the research is to identify the adequacy of accounting disclosure in granting bank financing in explaining the role of accounting disclosure in granting bank financing by linking the concepts of full, comprehensive and adequate disclosure to bank financing. The impact of full accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, the existence of an impact of comprehensive accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, the existence of an impact of adequate accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, and the research relied on the descriptive approach, the deductive and inductive approach, the inferential analytical approach, a

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 30 2022
Journal Name
Pakistan Journal Of Medical & Health Sciences
Measuring the Concentrations of Asbestos Fibers in Some Crowded Areas of Baghdad in The Summer of 2020
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Aims of this research to determine asbestos fibers levels in surrounding air of some crowded sites of Baghdad city were monitored in summer 2020. Collection of samples was conducted by directing air flow to a mixed cellulose ester membrane filter mounted on an open‑faced filter holder using sniffer a low flow sampling pump, samples of air were collected from five studied areas selected in some heavy traffic areas of Baghdad city, (Al-Bayaa and Al-Shurta tunnel, Al-Jadriya, and Al-Meshin commercial complex, control), then analyzed to determine concentrations of asbestos fibers. Counting of asbestos on the filters was carried out through using both scanning electron microscope SEM and an energy dispersive X‑ray system EDS to count

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
A Study of Some of the Indicators of Noise Pollution in Certain Residential Districts in Fallujah City
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     The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of noise exposure in certain residential districts in Fallujah city. Twenty-nine stations were selected and divided into two groups; the first group was located 50 to 100 metres from the main streets (quiet areas), whilst the second was located directly on the main streets. Noise levels were measured at a rate of three readings per station for different time periods for approximately sixty days in the year 2020. Mean values were taken in both the morning and evening using a portable sound level meter (Auto range, RS-232). The highest noise level was measured at Alforkan station for the morning reading (83.8 dB) within the second group, while the lowest noise level

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