Establishing coverage of the target sensing field and extending the network’s lifetime, together known as Coverage-lifetime is the key issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Recent studies realize the important role of nature-inspired algorithms in handling coverage-lifetime problem with different optimization aspects. One of the main formulations is to define coverage-lifetime problem as a disjoint set covers problem. In this paper, we propose an evolutionary algorithm for solving coverage-lifetime problem as a disjoint set covers function. The main interest in this paper is to reflect both models of sensing: Boolean and probabilistic. Moreover, a heuristic operator is proposed as a local refinement operator to improve the quality

Densely deployment of sensors is generally employed in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to ensure energy-efficient covering of a target area. Many sensors scheduling techniques have been recently proposed for designing such energy-efficient WSNs. Sensors scheduling has been modeled, in the literature, as a generalization of minimum set covering problem (MSCP) problem. MSCP is a well-known NP-hard optimization problem used to model a large range of problems arising from scheduling, manufacturing, service planning, information retrieval, etc. In this paper, the MSCP is modeled to design an energy-efficient wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that can reliably cover a target area. Unlike other attempts in the literature, which consider only a si

In this paper, we present an approximate analytical and numerical solutions for the differential equations with multiple delay using the extend differential transform method (DTM). This method is used to solve many linear and non linear problems.

The tax revenues achieved through projects of transition to private sector are regarded as an important source for using in achieving political, economic and social objectives. Since Iraq is heading towards free market economy, new strategies should be adopted to reform the taxation system from by a qualified taxation management office and to activate the taxation policy and to reconsider legislation in relation to the aware of the legible to the importance of disclosure of their taxable real income in order to arrive at contribution of privatization in the taxation revenues for the important role effect on economic activities. In the light of the above, the research is based upon a hypothesis which stipulates that privatization contribu

Background: Hydatosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus dog tap worm is zoonotic infection and economic importance and to public health constitutes a major threat in certain regions of the Middle East. There is an establishment of preventive and control strategy for characterization of E.granulosus in all endemic area which is essential in all molecular studies, to check the DNA of the parasite.
Objective: Our study aimed to obtain the best from three extractions DNA methods from hydatid cyst protoscolecses isolated from sheep in Al-shawlla abattoir in Baghdad.
Subjects and Methods: Three methods were used to extract DNA samples (boiling, crushing and commercial) DNA samples were performed with electrophoreses on 1.3% agarose. Rega

Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine drugs are widely prescribed for malaria disease. Since the end of 2019, humans have been under threat due to a disease called (COVID-19), which was first reported in China. Many methodical approaches have been reported to quantify chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in blood, urine, plasma, serum, and pharmaceutical dosage form. Some of these techniques are spectrophotometry, liquid chromatography with a mass detector, gas chromatography, and ultra-performance, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), in addition to electrochemical methods. This literature review discusses various analytical methods for the determining hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine.

     In this paper, one of the Machine Scheduling Problems is studied, which is the problem of scheduling a number of products (n-jobs) on one (single) machine with the multi-criteria objective function. These functions are (completion time, the tardiness, the earliness, and the late work) which formulated as . The branch and bound (BAB) method are used as the main method for solving the problem, where four upper bounds and one lower bound are proposed and a number of dominance rules are considered to reduce the number of branches in the search tree. The genetic algorithm (GA) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used to obtain two of the upper bounds. The computational results are calculated by coding (progr

A nonlinear filter for smoothing color and gray images
corrupted by Gaussian noise is presented in this paper. The proposed
filter designed to reduce the noise in the R,G, and B bands of the
color images and preserving the edges. This filter applied in order to
prepare images for further processing such as edge detection and
image segmentation.
The results of computer simulations show that the proposed
filter gave satisfactory results when compared with the results of
conventional filters such as Gaussian low pass filter and median filter
by using Cross Correlation Coefficient (ccc) criteria.