A newly developed analytical method characterized by its speed and sensitivity for the determination of metformin-HCl via the formation of complex for metformin-HCl-OH--copper(II) ion from the gel bead system by continuous flow injection analysis. The method is based on the imbedded copper(II) ion in the gel bead structure can be used in the reaction for the formation of red –magneta colour complex(λmax. =530nm) formed by direct reaction of the drug with the released copper (II) ion from the gel bead in alkaline medium. Linear dynamic range for the absorbance versus metformin concentration was 0.001-1 mmol.L-1 while C.O.D was (r2% =95.33%) . The L.O.Q was 0.868mmol.L-1.L.O.D (S/N=3)=0.5μmol.L-1 from the step wise dilution for the minimum concentration of lowest concentration in the linear dynamic ranged of the calibration graph with R.S.D% lower than 0.5% for 0.01 mmol.L -1( n=8) concentration of metformin- HCl, throughput 30 sample.hr-1. The method was applied successfully for the determination of metformin in three pharmaceutical drugs. A comparison was made between the newly developed method of analysis with the classical method(Uv-spectrophotometry at wave length = 241nm) of analysis using the standard addition method via the use of paired t-test. It shows that there was no significant difference at α= 0.05 (95% confidence) between the two methods. Therefore the newly developed method(using the Metformin- OH- - Cu(II) entrapped inside gel bead) can be adopted as an alternative method for the analysis of metformin.
Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from images is a most beneficial method of object regeneration by using a photo-realistic way that can be used in many fields. For industrial fields, it can be used to visualize the cracks within alloys or walls. In medical fields, it has been used as 3D scanner to reconstruct some human organs such as internal nose for plastic surgery or to reconstruct ear canal for fabricating a hearing aid device, and others. These applications need high accuracy details and measurement that represent the main issue which should be taken in consideration, also the other issues are cost, movability, and ease of use which should be taken into consideration. This work has presented an approach for design and construc
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Polyimides are widely used in high-temperature plastics, adhesives, dielectrics, photoresists, nonlinear optical materials, separation membrane materials, and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. They are commonly regarded as the most heat-resistant polymers. This work involved the synthesis of a new bismaleimide homopolymer and copolymer by performing many steps. The synthesis of compound (1) (bis [4-(amino phenyl) Schiff base] tolidine) via condensation of o-tolidine with two moles of 4-aminoacetophenone. Secondly, compound (1) was combined with maleic anhydride to form compound (2) (4, 4ˉ-bis[4-(N-maleamic acid) phenyl Schiff base] toluidine). Thirdly, a dehydration reaction was carried out affording compound (3) (4,4ˉ-bis [4-(N-maleimidyl
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Background: Most primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) in Iraq have a referral system records; however, this mechanism does not function well because of the lack of other requirements for an efficient referral system.
Objective: To assess the practice & opinion of doctors in PHCs toward the referral system, and to determine the doctors in PHC's commitment to referral system instructions and guidelines.
Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study with analytic elements was conducted in nine health directorates in Iraq, from the 1st October 2018 – 30th June 2019.One PHC was selected randomly form each sector in every governorate, A questionnaire was used to collect the required information.
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Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disease that is characterized by severe synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion, bone loss, and generalized vasculopathy. Although the immunologic mechanism of RA is still unclear, it is now thought to be a primarily Th17-driven disease. Along with other factors, IL-23 stimulates the expansion of Th17 cells from naive CD4+ T cells.
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-23 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and determine the correlation between plasma/serum IL-23 levels and disease activity. So, we performed a systematic review with meta-analysis comparing
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To create a highly efficient photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) system and maximise the energy and exergy efficiency, this study aims to propose an innovative configuration of a PV-T system comprising wavy tubes with twisted-tape inserts. Following the validation of a numerical model, a parametric study has been conducted to assess the geometrical effects of twisted tape and wavy tubes, as well as the coolant fluid type and velocity, on the overall performance of a PV-T system, located in Shiraz, Iran. It is found that employing twisted tape improves the energy and exergy efficiency by approx. 6.3%. The best configuration yields 12.4% and 16.8% increase in energy and exergy efficiency compared to conventional PV systems. This is achieved at 15% vo
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The aims of this study are to explore the commercial artifacts in the following three kinds of vegetables oils, Nigella Sativa, Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn,and Zingiber officinale. These oils have been very popular medicinal plants which are commonly used in traditional medicine .These commercial oils have been compared with the extracts of these plants.
The physical properties of extracts and commercial oils of these plants have been stuied. We observed that the refractive index of the plants matches and non-significant, while specific gravity of Nigella Sativa has similar specific gravity in both extracts and commercial oil in contrast with Trigonella foenum Linn,and Zingiber officinale and we found significant difference (P<
Problem of research as defined, including the following:what is impact organizing of configuration for still life in paintings of students in the Department of Art Education in subject of colors ?Study of well training for organized in painting of still life is necessary for a teacher of art education to contribute effectively to the performance of his letter, so is this research in response to the public goals for a subject of art education. The current research aims to:1. Impact organization of configuration for still life in paintings of students in the Department of Art Education for the first grade in subject of colors2. Role organization of configuration for still life in the painting to serve the educational process in subject of
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In many oil fields only the BHC logs (borehole compensated sonic tool) are available to provide interval transit time (Δtp), the reciprocal of compressional wave velocity VP.
To calculate the rock elastic or inelastic properties, to detect gas-bearing formations, the shear wave velocity VS is needed. Also VS is useful in fluid identification and matrix mineral identification.
Because of the lack of wells with shear wave velocity data, so many empirical models have been developed to predict the shear wave velocity from compressional wave velocity. Some are mathematical models others used the multiple regression method and neural network technique.
In this study a number of em
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